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Technical Efficiency of Honey and Beeswax Production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implications for Climate and Food Security Sustainability

100%

Alabi O. O., Anekwe C. E.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

2023

vol. 70

issue 4

421-431

This study evaluated the technical efficiency of honey and beeswax production in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. A total sample size of 120 honey and beeswax producers was used. Primary data were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire. The gross margin and net farm income for honey and beeswax production per cycle were calculated at 924,235 Naira and 891,850 Naira respectively. This shows that honey and beeswax production was profitable in the study area. Significant predictors influencing the technical efficiency of honey and beeswax production were labour input, bee feed and sugar syrup, land size, number of beehives, quantity of antibiotics and vaccines, and cost incurred in honeybee pest, disease, and predator control. The socio-economic predictors negatively influencing the technical efficiency of honey and beeswax production were age, gender, household size, educational level, experience in beekeeping, and membership of cooperatives. The average technical efficiency score for honey and beeswax producers was 56.3%, leaving a gap of 43.7% for improvement. The constraints faced by honey and beeswax producers were a lack of modern equipment, a lack of credit facilities, inadequate extension services, inadequate training and capacity building, transportation problems, and disease, pest and predator attacks. The study recommends that modern beekeeping equipment should be provided for honey and beeswax producers to increase productivity. Furthermore, training and capacity building should be organized for honey and beeswax producers to increase both productivity and efficiency.

Determinants of agricultural loan decision making process for rice (Oryza sativa) farmers in Abuja, Nigeria. Applications of Heckman two-stage model and factor analysis

81%

Alabi O. O., Oladele A. O., Usman M. B.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

2021

vol. 59

issue 1

29-38

This study focuses on determinants of the agricultural loan decision-making process of rice (Oryza sativa) farmers in Abuja, Nigeria, using the Heckman two-stage model and factor analysis. This study was designed specifically to achieve the following objectives: determine the socio-economic profiles or characteristics of rice farmers, analyze the costs and returns of rice production, evaluate factors influencing rice farmers’ decision to obtain an agricultural loan, evaluate socio-economic factors influencing the amount of the agricultural loan, and determine the constraints or problems facing rice farmers. A multi-stage sampling design was employed. A total sample of one hundred (100) rice farmers was included, and primary data were utilized. Data were obtained through the use of a well-structured and well-designed questionnaire. Statistical and econometric tools used in analyzing data included descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, financial analysis, the Heckman two-stage model, and principal component analysis. The results show that 63% of rice farmers were between the age of 31–50 years. The mean age was 41.90 years. About 65% of rice farmers were male, and 54% of them were married. Also, 93% of rice farmers had formal education and were literate. The household sizes were large, with an average of six persons per household. An average of 71,550 nairas was the loan amount granted to rice farmers by financial institutions. The average farm size amounted to 1.49 hectares. Factors influencing the decision of rice farmers to obtain agricultural loan included age (P < 0.01), marital status (P < 0.05), household size (P < 0.10), educational level (P < 0.05), farm size (P < 0.05), farm and non-farm income (P < 0.10), farm experience (P < 0.05), collateral property (P < 0.05), extension services (P < 0.10), and awareness of loan or credit facilities (P < 0.05). Rice production was profitable with a net farm income of 744,300 nairas. The gross margin ratio of 0.95 means that 95 kobos covered profits, taxes, expenses, interest, and depreciation for every naira invested in rice production activities. Socio-economic factors statistically and significantly influencing the amount of agricultural loan obtained by rice farmers included (P < 0.05) sex (P < 0.01), household size (P < 0.05) and educational level (P < 0.01). The constraints facing rice farmers in obtaining the agricultural loan and production activities included lack of collateral property, lack of fertilizer input, poor-quality feeder roads, lack of credit facilities, inadequate labor input, and complicated and costly administrative procedures to obtain a loan. It is recommended that agricultural loans be made available to rice farmers in sufficient amounts and at low-interest rates. Also, farm inputs, fertilizer inputs, improved seeds, and chemicals should be made available to rice farmers.

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2 Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

2 Alabi O. O.

1 Anekwe C. E.

1 Oladele A. O.

1 Usman M. B.

1 2023

1 2021

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Technical Efficiency of Honey and Beeswax Production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: Implications for Climate and Food Security Sustainability

Determinants of agricultural loan decision making process for rice (Oryza sativa) farmers in Abuja, Nigeria. Applications of Heckman two-stage model and factor analysis