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The article is devoted to Mořic Hruban, a notable personality of Czech political Catholicism. His political role during World War I and in the period of the formation of the Czechoslovak Republic is analyzed here. This conservative and traditionally oriented Catholic gradually changed hisattitude towards some crucial questions; the supporter of the Habsburg Monarchy became an advocate of the Republic. Furthermore, he was one of its prominent statesmen and politicians till its downfall in 1938
EN
The study concentrates on the analysis of “Operation 100”, which was drafted by the Communist Czech and Slovak State and party authorities in 1951 in the connection to the attempts for consolidation of the situation in Eastern Slovakia after dissolution the Greek Catholic Church. It was believed by the organisers that after the liquidation of the Greek Catholic Church (1950), the fusion of two Churches would také place very quickly and the believers would be transferred to the successor Orthodox Church. The reality of the years 1950–1951 was, however, different and the organisers needed to prevent a scandal. One of the solutions was a forced resettlement of all the priests (without reference to their age, health condition, or civil profession), who rejected to convert to the Orthodox Church. The “State Church office” in Prague in cooperation with their colleagues in the Bratislava branch drafted in mid-1951 a plan called “Operation 100”, on the basis of which the priests were supposed to be moved to the Czech lands, especially the border areas, with their families (originally about 100 priests). The aim was to incorporate them into Czech society as workers. The plan was implemented in 1951–1952. The study analyses the conditions, course of events and the aftermath of the resettlement and hints at the circumstances of the 1956/1962 revision of the persecution.
EN
The main aims of this study is to analyse the activities of relationship networks with which the Papal Nuncio Antonio Caetani and Spanish envoys Guillén de San Clemente and Baltasar de Zúñiga surrounded themselves at a time of crisis in the Hapsburg Monarchy in the years 1608–1609.
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