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The Biblical Annals
|
2022
|
vol. 12
|
issue 3
369-391
EN
This article investigates the ascension accounts (Luke 24:50-53 and Acts 1:9-11) in a narrative way. The main analysis point will be the question: why is one event recounted twice: at the end of the first Lukan volume and the beginning of the second? The second question concerns the meaning of the discrepancies between the two pericopes. We argue that all differences can be explained by Luke’s literary and narrative strategy. Luke 24:50-53 recounts the recognition of Jesus. Acts 1:9-11 marks the end of the period (between resurrection and ascension) needed for the disciples to become the legitimate and authoritative successors of Jesus.
EN
The article deals with preliminary issues related to the topic of miracles in the Gospel of Luke. The first part of the paper deals with apologetic questions related to miraculous events: their historicity and credibility. This part briefly presents the history of contestation of the historicity of miracles in exegesis and the opinions of contemporary researchers who take a different position. The rest of the article contains an analysis of the miracles in Luke and shows how important element of Jesus' ministry was the miraculous activity, even though this topic was and still is neglected in the studies of the Third Gospel.
PL
Artykuł traktuje o kwestiach wstępnych związanych z zagadnieniem cudów w Ewangelii Łukasza. Pierwsza część artykułu dotyczy tematów apologetycznych związanych z cudownymi wydarzeniami: ich historyczności oraz wiarygodności. W tym fragmencie, po krótce jest przedstawiona historia kontestowania historyczności cudów w egzegezie oraz opinie współczesnych badaczy, którzy prezentują odmienne stanowisko. W dalszej części analiza cudów w Ewangelii Łukasza pokazuje, jak ważnym elementem działalności Jezusa były Jego cuda, mimo że były i raczej wciąż pozostają zaniedbanym zagadnieniem w studiach nad Trzecią Ewangelią.
EN
Saint Paul come across many cultures and states during his missionary journeys. Apostle of Nations, as he is depicted in Acts, respected the addressees when he tried to convince them that Christianity is the true religion. In his speeches there is always a tension between the call to worship one God and free will of people who can reject the Good News and venerate their own gods. Of particular importance for the subject of our study will be the speeches in Antioch of Pisidia (the longest speech of Paul in Acts) to the Jews – Acts 13,16-41, the speech in Lystra to pagans – Acts 14,15-17, the speech in Athens to Greeks – Acts 17,22-31. In these passages Paul reveals his convictions and strategy. He appreciates the positive sides of previous believes but stresses also the necessity of the true cult.
PL
Święty Paweł podczas swoich podróży misyjnych spotykał wiele kultur i państw. Apostoł narodów tak, jak został przedstawiony w Dziejach Apostolskich, szanował swych adresatów, gdy próbował ich przekonać, że chrześcijaństwo jest religią prawdziwą. W jego wystąpieniach zawsze pojawia się napięcie pomiędzy wezwaniem do oddawania czci jedynemu Bogu a wolną wolą ludzi, którzy mogą odrzucić Dobrą Nowinę i czcić własnych bogów. Szczególne znaczenie dla przedmiotu naszych badań będą miały przemówienia w Antiochii Pizydyjskiej (najdłuższe przemówienie Pawła w Dziejach Apostolskich) do Żydów – Dz 13,16-41, przemówienie w Listrze do pogan – Dz 14,15-17, przemówienie w Atenach do Greków – Dz 17,22-31. W tych fragmentach Paweł ujawnia swoje przekonania i strategię działania; docenia pozytywne strony dotychczasowych wierzeń, ale podkreśla także konieczność prawdziwego kultu.
EN
This paper focuses on the appearance and dress of two important to medieval Silesia persons, duke Louis II of Brzeg-Legnica and his second wife, Elisabeth of Hohenzollern. Our reconstruction is based on three preserved medieval polychromes depicting the duke, and on his tombstone. Relics of the tomb, sculptures of duke Louis and his wife Elisabeth, are exhibited in the Cathedral Church of St Peter and St Paul in Legnica. Polychromes believed to be images of Louis II are in parish churches of Strzelniki, Krzyżowice and in St Nicholas Church in Brzeg. They were painted by the so called Master of Adoration of the Magi - skilled artist probably brought to Silesia by duke Louis II from Burgundy or Flanders. After examining duke’s clothes from the paintings, we come to the conclusion, that there are two different types of dress he was supposed to wear. Both splendid but short, barely reaching knees. One seems to be tightly fitted at chest and flared at waist. This kind of dress is often called jopula. The other dress is wide and loose, pulled in at waist with a belt. It has also wide sleeves decorated with a cut-out in a shape of oak leaves. This sort of dress is very similar to the gown which was quite popular in medieval Western Europe and we know it as houppelande. In both cases costume is completed with underdress, tight hoses, over ankle shoes, crown and a few other details. Our graphical representation of these attires is introduced on the illustration no. 12 and no.13. The only preserved image of the duchess Elizabeth is her tombstone. Closer look at it brings us many interesting conclusions. The most significant one is that duchess’s clothes were for many years misinterpreted. Her gown was considered to be a surcot (dress without sleeves, deeply cut under armholes), whilst it occurs to be underdress covered with tails of a garment resembling modern coat, with elbow length sleeves and without fastening. Schematic drawing no. 21 shows our interpretation of duchess’s attire. However, the data are not sufficient to create a reliable reconstruction of her apparel. We are hoping that our obsevation will help to stress the importance of comparative.
PL
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