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Risk of addiction to Facebook among Medical University students in Białystok, Poland

100%
Kułak-Bejda A., Waszkiewicz N., Kułak P., Bejda G.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2016
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vol. 6(2)
14-20
EN
Introduction: Facebook is the most popular socialnetworking website in the world. It is estimated that it currently has more than 350 million users worldwide. Purpose; To assess the risk of addiction to Facebook the risk of addiction to Facebook among students of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Medical University of Białystok in Poland. Materials and methods: This study included 440 student Facebook users. The original survey, the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) as well as a Self-Assessment Test were used (FAT). Results: Twenty-seven percent of the sample have had Facebook accounts for one to two years. Fortyfive percent of the respondents had 91 to 300 Facebook friends. Ninety-four percent of the respondents reported that they do not think about Facebook when they are disconnected from it. A similar number of students reported that it is possible for people to become addicted to Facebook. Forty-seven percent of the respondents were convinced that they would be able to recognize a Facebook addict. The average number of points scored on the FAT test was 16.2 ± 21.1 points; the average on the self-assessment was 44.7 ± 20.1 points; the average on SWLS scale was 15.3 ±5.24 points. Five percent of students demonstrated features of Facebook addiction as well as low selfesteem and life satisfaction. Conclusions: Problematic use of Facebook affected a small percentage of respondents who had low self-esteem and self were dissatisfied with their lives.
2
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Validation of a Greek version of the Trust in Physician Scale

88%
Hatzopulu A., Theodosopoulou E., Sengupta P., Sait M., Kułak-Bejda A.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2018
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vol. 8(1)
80-87
EN
Introduction: A sick person who trusts his or her physician feels safer and more easily complies with the physician’s recommendations. Purpose: To validate to validate a Greek-language version of the Trust in Physician Scale (TPS) for Greek patients. Materials and Methods: The validation of a Greek-language version of the TPS was performed with a group of 251 patients at Kavala Hospital in Kavala, Greece. Validation consisted of the translation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Greek TPS and its application among Greek-speaking patients. Results: The internal consistency of the Greek TPS was high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.895). The highest mean scores were for the items “I trust my doctor very much, and I always try to follow his or her advice” (M = 3.63 ± 0.91), “If my doctor tells me that something is true, then it must be true” (M = 3.55 ± 0.89), “I trust my doctor’s judgment of my medical care” (M = 3.44 ± 0.86), and “My doctor is usually considerate of my needs and puts them first” (M= 3.41 ± 0.88). Conclusions: The Greek-language version of The Trust in Physician Scale fulfills all of the criteria of psychometric and functional validation with the original scale.
3
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Drug use, smoking, alcohol abuse and assertiveness of medical students from Poland and Belarus

88%
Kułak-Bejda A., Waszkiewicz N., Shpakau A., Bejda G., Dróżdż-Kubicka E.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2018
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vol. 8(2)
62-69
EN
Introduction: Human health is largely determined by factors such as human behavior and style of life. Purpose: To evaluate selected patterns of behavior of medical students, such as smoking, alcohol abuse, drug use, and their assertiveness. Materials and methods: The study included 338 students from Bialystok, Poland, and 339 from Grodno, Belarus. The original questionnaire, Fasterström's Nicotine Addiction Test, Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test, Drug Use Problem Test, and Assertiveness Test according to Grębski were all used. Results: In both groups, the level of cigarette dependence was low, with 10% of the students from Poland and 15% from Belarus being habitual cigarette smokers. No significant differences were found in the frequency of alcohol consumption between Polish (57%) and Belarusian (52%) students. Of the respondents, 3.3% from Poland and 1.5% from Belarus met the criteria of alcohol dependence according to the MAST test. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of drug use between the Polish (1.5%) and Belarusian (1.8%) students. The average level of assertiveness was 16.2 for Polish students and 15.4 for Belarusian students, which was a significant difference. Conclusions: These results indicate similar percentages of Polish and Belarusian students smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol, and use drugs. In addition, Polish students were more assertive than Belarusian students.
4
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Medical students’ perceptions of people with disabilities

76%
Guzowski A., Kułak-Bejda A., Stelcer B., Jasiński M., Łukaszuk C., Cybulski M., Kułak W.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2016
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vol. 6(2)
125-131
EN
Introduction: Little is known about associations of attitudes of medical students towards people with disabilities and their life satisfaction and empathy. Purpose: To assess the social perception of people with disabilities by medical students. Materials and methods: The present study interviewed 451 medical students of the Medical University of Białystok regarding their perceptions of people with disabilities, especially in light of their own satisfaction with life and empathy. We used the following questionnaires: the original questionnaire about attitudes towards people with disabilities, The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Empathy Understanding Questionnaire (KRE). Results: Attitudes towards people with disabilities people were generally positive. Almost 40% of respondents expressed a willingness to help for people with disabilities. In general, disabled people do not have full access to all fields of social (63.4%) and professional (63.2%) life. At the same time, disabled people tend to marry (84.9%), have children (82.1%), work (88.2%), and drive cars (76.1%). Respondents were convinced that contact with a disabled person teaches ways to help others (42.1%), and in fact 58.6% of respondents reported having decided to participate with helping the disabled. The average life satisfaction of the students was 22.7 ± 5.3 which indicates that the respondents are satisfied with their lives. The empathy level of respondents was 66.97 points ± 2.98, which indicates average level of empathy. Conclusions: This study shows that students’ perception of people with disabilities depends upon how the students viewed disabled people’s, life satisfaction and empathy.
5
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Differing attitudes for various population groups towards homeless people

64%
Krajewska-Kułak E., Wejda U., Kułak-Bejda A., Łukaszuk C., Repka B., Guzowski A., Cybulski M., Stelcer B., Jasiński M.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2016
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vol. 6(1)
57-62
EN
Introduction: People who are homeless are most often unable to acquire and maintain regular, safe, secure, and adequate housing, or they lack a “fixed, regular, and adequate night-time residence”. Purpose: To assess the attitude of secondaryschool students, high-school students, university students, and working adults towards homeless people. Materials and methods: A survey of 420 randomly selected middle school students (n=120), high school students (n=100), university students (n=100), and working adults (n=100) was conducted. Nearly half of the participants reported a fear of homeless people. Results: According to the majority of respondents, a homeless person collects scrap metal and waste paper, and also begs. The first words that come to mind when a majority of people think of the homeless were: poor, unhappy, dirty, lonely, and smelly. The participants reported the main reasons for homelessness to be: joblessness, family problems, alcohol, helplessness, and avoiding work. The majority of respondents argued that social and legal problems are the main reasons that it is difficult for homeless people to extricate themselves from their situation. The groups surveyed had a variety of opinions about homelessness. According to most respondents, a homeless person is a poor, miserable, lonely, childless man with a vocational education who begs, collects scrap metal and waste paper, and is also usually dirty and smelly. Conclusions: In the survey groups, respondents’ opinions about homelessness varied.
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