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PRINCÍPY EXISTENCIÁLNEHO PERSONALIZMU V KONTEXTE BYZANTSKEJ ANTROPOLÓGIE

100%
Grečo P.
Konštantínove listy
|
2017
|
vol. 10
|
issue 1
83 - 97
EN
The study is based on the Berdyaev’s philosphy. The fundation of personalism is supremacy of person before its being. While being is a product of an abstract mind and is deprived of its existence, the person is associated with freedom. Therefore if there is freedom, it can not be determined by being. The spirit is not being but it is freedom. The spirit can not be tied to the order of being, but to a personal existence. Supremacy of person to its material needs has been defined by the founder of a philosofical movement, Berdyaev companion, Emmanuel Mounier. According to these principles it is necessary to redefine the person not on the base of individuality but on the base of existentialism. So far has dominated the definition of a person in substacial definition according to Boëthius. We propose here non substantial determination. Because the spirit, pneuma, is the fundament of the personal identification and self-indentification. We develop this based on the authentic legacy of the Byzantine anthropology. According to it the fundamental characteristic of personal existence is that a person enters into relationships. The nature and characteristics of the person are manifested only in the relationship. Individuality is not able to create relationships. A person is determined to develop such relationships in vertical and horizontal directions hence to divine and human being. The prototyp is the Trinitarian and divine- human concept of a person developed by Kappodocia church fathers. Based on this holistic understanding of a person we show a contrast to a noetic and anthropological reductionism within Latin (western) concept of defining a person whose result is a disoriented man. Suggested outcomes of this study may contribute to recovery of the holistic approach in uderstanding of the human person. Such new understanding of human being is as contradiction to deformed definition of human person according to natural, social or psychological determinism.
2
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PROBLEMATIKA ČLOVEKA A SLOBODY V LIBERALIZME Z POHĽADU EXISTENCIÁLNEHO PERSONALIZMU

51%
Grečo P., Kotulič R., Kravčáková Vozárová I.
Konštantínove listy
|
2020
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vol. 13
|
issue 2
153 - 165
EN
The aim of the paper is to compare and contrast modern enlightenment and resulting liberalistic understanding of man and freedom from the position of existential personalism. This includes „the primacy of the person“ and „the freedom of the spirit“ as constituted in the Berdyaev philosophical context. Berdyaev realizes that the issue of freedom of conscience and religious freedom is difficult and painful, and usually poorly formulated. His most fundamental objection to liberalism – indifferent to religion – is that he understands the issue of freedom of religion and conscience as some formal right, one of many human rights. In contrast, the ecclesiastical world, which maintains faith, often slips into the denial of freedom of conscience and religious freedom, is afraid. It can be said that everyone is actually placing this question onto political, formal and external levels. The study points out that liberalism fail to justify the liberation of man, and that the lack of the material basis of freedom ultimately leads to the denial of freedom and of man himself. The input of personalism in this subject is topical, since freedom justifies the synthesis of theonomy and autonomy that is God-human like.
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