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EN
The core of the analysis constitutes an online obituary as a literary genre. The material subject to analysis will be presented in two articles. This article is the first part. It is an attempt to study Russian condolence entries addressed to Poles after the state president’s plane crash on 10th April 2010. The material has been excerpted from contemporary Russian electronic media. There have been specified composition and genre features of obituaries and their basic functions. There have also been presented the formal structure and obligatory elements of online condolences such as opening formulas or identification of addressees. Further composition elements of the genre in question will be discussed in the following article.
PL
Liczba przedwczesnych porodów, zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie, w ciągu ostatnich dwóch dekad wzrosła w widoczny sposób. Na skutek postępu nauk medycznych oraz doświadczenia pracowników oddziałów neonatologicznych ratujących skrajnie niedojrzałe wcześniaki umieralność wśród badanej grupy dzieci obniżyła się. Specjaliści zajmujący się rozwojem małego dziecka stanęli przed nowymi wyzwaniami. Jednym z nich, leżącym u podstaw przeżywalności, jest pobór pokarmu. Głównym zagrożeniem prawidłowej synchronizacji triady ssanie–przełykanie–oddychanie u wcześniaka stał się niski wiek ciążowy oraz skrajnie niska masa urodzeniowa. Na oddziałach neonatologicznych ośrodków III stopnia referencyjności stymulacją pierwotnych odruchów noworodkowych zajmują się neurologopedzi lub logopedzi – specjaliści wczesnej interwencji logopedycznej oraz/lub fizjoterapeuci. U wcześniaków dobrze rokujących, bez komplikacji neurologicznych, wczesna interwencja ma za zadanie przyspieszenie procesu zakończenia karmienia sondą i przejście do samodzielnego ssania. U noworodków z umiarkowanymi lub ciężkimi uszkodzeniami ośrodkowego układu nerwowego tak wcześnie podjęta terapia neurologopedyczna ma na celu zminimalizowanie poziomu niepełnosprawności i zwiększenie szansy na rozwój motoryczny mowy. Fizjoterapia wykorzystuje w procesie terapeutycznym m.in. metodę Vojty, jako rehabilitację „pierwszego rzutu” dziecka urodzonego przedwcześnie.
EN
The number of premature births, both in Poland and in the world, has increased prominently in the last two decades. As a result of the progress of medical science and the experience of neonatal ward personnel, mortality among the examined groups of premature children has decreased. Specialists of infant development faced with new challenges, one of them being the food intake that is substantial for children’s survival. The main threat to the proper synchronization of the triad: sucking–swallowing–breathing, for premature babies is a low gestational age and extremely low birth weight. At the third degree neurological units (health center classification), the speech and neuro speech therapists – specialists in early speech intervention therapy and/or physiotherapists- take care of stimulus of primitive neonatal reflexes. In prematurely born babies with positive prognosis, without any neurological complications, the early speech intervention therapy is conducted to accelerate and complete the tube feeding process and begin independent sucking of a baby. In case of infants with moderate or severe damage of the central nervous system, the early neurologopedic speech therapy is conducted to minimize the level of disability and increase the chance of speech motor development. Physiotherapy uses in the therapeutic process, among others, Vojta therapy, as the rehabilitation of the “first line” of a prematurely born child.
EN
The number of premature births, both in Poland and in the world, has increased prominently in the last two decades. As a result of the progress of medical science and the experience of neonatal ward personnel, mortality among the examined groups of premature children has decreased. Specialists of infant development faced with new challenges, one of them being the food intake that is substantial for children’s survival. The main threat to the proper synchronization of the triad: sucking-swallowing-breathing, for premature babies is a low gestational age and extremely low birth weight. At the third degree neurological units (health center classification), the speech and neuro speech therapists – specialists in early speech intervention therapy and/or physiotherapists – take care of stimulus of primitive neonatal reflexes. In prematurely born babies with positive prognosis, without any neurological complications, the early speech intervention therapy is conducted to accelerate and complete the tube feeding process and begin independent sucking of a baby. In case of infants with moderate or severe damage of the central nervous system, the early neurologopedic speech therapy is conducted to minimize the level of disability and increase the chance of speech motor development. Physiotherapy uses in the therapeutic process, among others, Vojta therapy, as the rehabilitation of the “first line” of a prematurely born child.
EN
This article continues to discuss issues taken up in the material published in ”Acta Neophilologica” in 2014. So far, the attention has been turned to the meaning and the scope of use of the Polish and Russian definition of obituary; it has been emphasized that the Russian literature takes a different approach to the terms obituary and condolences; a closer look has also been taken at the first obligatory components of condolence entries, such as the initial formulas which are characteristic of the genre examined and the methods of identification of the message addressees. This part discusses the remaining components of condolences, i.e. the onomastic identification and the characteristics
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