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Juliusz Tadeusz Kroński — "heglowskie ukąszenie

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Tuz-Jurecka E.

Prace Literackie

2010

vol. 50

103-113

Juliusz Tadeusz Kroński — “Hegelian bite” examines intellectual relations between Czesław Miłosz, a poet, and Juliusz Tadeusz Kroński, a Hegelian, relations that influenced the poet’s historical sense. The poet was fascinated by his friend who in 1943 was by no means a “ritual mourner” and whose political attitude was different from the one imposed by Polish society during the Second World War. Kroński taught Miłosz to be ironic and distant, but this fascination changed into rejection when he became a follower of the New Faith. Kroński’s attempts to persuade Miłosz to accept the new political system and abandon reactionary beliefs only deepened the conflict between the two friends. However, thanks to Kroński and his theories Miłosz was able to look critically at the ahistoric America and its capitalist temptations. He looked for his own path between movement and persistence, and confronted the historical perspective with the perspective of individual self.

Marksizm w rozumieniu Czesława Miłosza

100%

Tuz-Jurecka E.

Prace Literackie

2011

vol. 51

109-116

The article presents Marx’s and Engels’ views on nature and history, as well as the views of the Polish Nobel laureate on Marxism. Miłosz remained under the spell of the Marxist way of understanding the world for quite a long time. The notions that the reality on the move is a constant struggle, that history is the process of human self-fulfilment and extension of nature were very close to him. In the 1930s, the author of The Captive Mind remained “musical” to Marxism. Later, he would consistently analyse it, revealing it as weak and evil. He was never comfortable with leftist totalitarianism. He always rebelled against the “metaphysics” of Marxism-communism and “letting the devil in by the side entrance,” i.e. replacing God with history, with the doctrine of its all-powerfulness, despite being, after all, convinced that history, just as nature, was governed by iron historical necessity and that the universal killed the particular. When analysing the effects of the overwhelming influence of the “snowballing force” of history on the individual, he tried to capture “the eternal moment” in the “movement” and attempted self-definition in the river of time.

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Juliusz Tadeusz Kroński — "heglowskie ukąszenie

Marksizm w rozumieniu Czesława Miłosza