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Marta Stana un Dailes teatra kolizijas

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Banga V.

Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei

2012

vol. 8

198-212

Women do not seem to be among the leaders in world architecture, Zaha Hadid being the exception. We can be proud that Marta Stana (1913-1972) was one of those who brought Latvia’s name into the Grand Arena already in the 1960s when she started to participate in international competitions. The creation of the Daile Theatre building became one of the major events in Riga’s architecture of the 20th century. All the architectural and societal problems of the 1960s were accumulated in this building. Through her work Stana proved that breaking out of the customary and striving for originality in architecture is worthwhile. She began her creative career already in 1939, while still studying architecture in Professor Ernests Stalbergs’ class at the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Latvia. Marta Stana’s spiritual guides were Alvar Aalto, Arne Jacobsen and Oscar Niemeyer. She was open to ideas inspired and influenced by functionalism, rationalism and modernism. The Daile Theatre saga began in 1949 when Russian architects Veniamin Bikov and Iezekiel Maltsin were invited to submit sketches for the theatre building; they were not successful as the ideas were borrowed from traditional prototypes of theatrical architecture in Moscow. A new official competition was announced in 1959. The motto was to attain a new theatre building with up-to-date equipment and contemporary architecture. 26 projects were submitted of which 25 were considered and 6 recommended. The winner was awarded 2nd place (the 1st place was not awarded), it was project ‘1111’ (Marta Stana and Tekla Ievina). The 3rd place was given to projects ‘8080’ (Arturs Reinfelds and Velta Reinfelde) and ‘579’ (Janis Ginters, Dzidra Ozolina, Teodors Nigulis, Boriss Ozols and Georgs Barkans). The main problem for the new theatre building was the unresolved transport scheme and its location too close to Bruninieku Street. In December 1959 a public discussion on the Daile Theatre took place. In 1966 the construction works started at the crossing of the Brivibas and Bruninieku Streets. The process lasted ten long years. The fact that the Daile Theatre building still remains relevant as a masterpiece of secular architecture indicates that the architect as thinker and creator can direct the process to a great extent. This building is the most important work in Stana’s life and as such it will remain on the city’s face.

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Marta Stana un Dailes teatra kolizijas