Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
This article studies the formal models of rebuttable presumption built using a conceptual apparatus of a monotone logic. The paper presents its own project model using a strict implication in conjunction with the notation of a first-order predicate logic and a sentence logic. The presumption is modeled as a normative criterion for the Court to determine the validity of an unacknowledged descriptive sentence. Moreover other selected formal models of rebuttable presumption are discussed.
PL
Artykuł ukazuje niektóre problemy związane z formalizacją wnioskowań prawniczych w trybie analogia legis oraz w trybie a contrario, a także omawia wybrane, charakterystyczne propozycje w tym zakresie. Budowane sformalizowane modele są oparte na pojęciach logiki monotonicznej oraz logik niemonotonicznych. Modele te mają głównie charakter poglądowy i posiadają ograniczoną moc wyjaśniającą. Ich niezawodność może być uzyskana tylko przy spełnieniu pewnych dodatkowych warunków.
EN
The paper shows some of the problems related to the formalization of legal reasonings under analogia legis and a contrario, and discusses some of the specific proposals in this regard. Built formal models are based on the concept of monotonic logic and nonmonotonic logic. These models are mainly illustrative and have limited explanatory power. Their reliability can only be achieved under certain additional conditions.
EN
The subject of the article are such components of a legal text (modifiers), which are intended to change the standard, dictionary meaning of the modified word (modifier’s argument). In grammatical terms, the modifier is most often an adjective or part of the speech acting as an adjective (e.g., adjectival participle, ordinal numeral, subordinate clause).The article presents a typology of modifiers used in legal texts. The criterion for distinguishing types is the characteristics of the argument, changed by the modifier. Of particular interest to the lawyer are repetition modifiers, intensity modifiers, limiting modifiers, relativization modifiers, adjustment modifiers and modifiers that indicate a place in the set. Knowledge of properties characteristic of the legal language of modifiers is useful both for the editing of a clear and ungrounded legal or legal text, as well as for the interpretation of this text. The article refers to examples of modifiers taken from valid legal texts.
EN
The article presents the practices used in the description of repealed or obsolete provisions applied in the consolidated texts of legal acts. The terms are used too often and logical relations between them are not clear.
EN
The cinerary urn (grave 3) from a cementary of the Przeworsk cullure contained osseous materials (burnt human bones). The urn dates back to the Roman period. In the grave no anatomical order of bones was revealed. The following fragments of bones were separated: craniocerebral and craniofacial bones, fragments of teeth, bones of trunk, bones of upper and lower extremities. The analisis shows that above-mentioned relics may have belonged to a male, of flimsy stature, c. 171-175 cm high who died at the age of adultus (25-30).
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.