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Własność gruntowa a planowanie przestrzenne w dorobku naukowym Profesora Waleriana Pańki.

100%
Kurowska T.
Studia Iuridica Agraria
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2012
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vol. 10
13-27
EN
Professor W. Pańko as a scientist was very keen on many scientific disciplines covering private law and public law. His interests were connected with the issues of property right as well as town and country planning. On this plane there criss–crossed various threads: urban, agricultural, ecological. Two monographs have brought the significant role in development of the doctrine of agricultural law and theory of real estate property, i.e. “Land property in planned spatial development” and “About property right and its present functions”. The conceptions presented in the monographs have had undisputed impact on to development of the idea and the research directions in agricultural law and spatial planning. The negative appraisal of the legislative system of spatial planning within rural contemporary to him (in force in years: 1972–1986) and his influence on to shaping rural space is still actual. Therefore, requirement for improvement of the spatial planning system, including protection of rural spaces where the scope of spatial planning system should be provided with significantly stronger protection in a form of for example development plans of arable grounds, however approved by a voivode. In view of the increasing number of non–agricultural development of the new rural development acceptance of such solution becomes necessary, the process of dying out and devastation of farmsteads and development on rural areas, the decreasing number of agriculture land resources subject to strong pressure of the capital. This process can be favoured by the special support systems for rural areas from the European Union funds (for the years: 2014–2020) supporting differentiated economic activity, not only the agricultural one. Consequently, the absence in the spatial planning system of special protection instruments for agricultural production in rural areas may little by little bring to devastation of the agricultural environment.
2
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Ochrona gospodarstwa rodzinnego – uwagi de lege lata i de lege ferenda

100%
Kurowska T.
Studia Iuridica Agraria
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2010
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vol. 8
14-29
EN
The subject matter of the family farm protection can and should be considered on the ground of 1) provisions of the Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic of 1997 and 2) regulations of common legislation. The first part of the article deals with the notions of the legal character of Article 23 of the Constitution, the notion of property in Article 21 whose character is of political directive and Article 64 of the Constitution whose contents are formed by the citizen’s right to property. The provision of the latter article finds its place with no conflict in the network of the Civil Code notions. Constitutional provisions related to property are concise and are formulated on two planes: subject’s right law (Article 64) and object’s law (Articles 23, 20 and 21). They allow to recognise the existence of other types of property, agricultural property among others, which requires marking its limitations and the scope of protection. The relation of the act on the creation of agricultural system to the provision of Article 23 of the Constitution as well as its other regulations is with respect to the question about the shape of property transformations in agriculture in the conditions of market economy in Poland, where the family farm would be under special protection. The answer may be negative since the act does not meet the prerequisites accepted in its preamble. In the second part of the article there was made an attempt to present legal means of the protection of the family farm de lege ferenda postulating 1) the introduction of new contents of Article 23, the correction of Article 21 ( possibly 64) of the Constitution, 2) the change (broadening) the subject of the act on the creation of agricultural system as well as determining explicitly its place in the provisions of agricultural law and joining legislative activities marked in the ‘Green Book’ in the part on agricultural property turnover, 3) considering the introduction of debt recovery provision, and 4) testamentary distribution, with the reservation of the family farm protection.
3
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Renesans własności rolniczej

100%
Kurowska T.
Przegląd Prawa Rolnego
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2014
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issue 2(15)
23-44
EN
The discussion on the crisis or a decline of agricultural property has been exaggerated in the same way as is the discussion on the weakening of its foundations, and in particular, the function of ownership under the civil law and the agricultural law. This statement is already contradicted by the ongoing and heated discussion on agricultural property and its new function – the ecological one. Its source can be found in the new formula regarding support of agriculture and rural development based on the principle of sustainable rural development. The concept of ownership of agricultural property proposed by Professor A. Stelmachowski constitutes a supplement to the acquis in the field of civil law. It is understood as a set of rights and obligations establishing a legal position of an owner of a farm. This means that an owner has not only the rights but also certain obligations towards others. These obligations are particularly pronounced in the sphere of the right to use a given property, where the production function of property ownership manifests itself the most. An increase in the importance of environmental protection has resulted in an accelerated development of legislation concerning that matter and allowed adoption of a thesis that the ecological function of ownership of agricultural property has become dominant in relation to the production function. This thesis may be illustrated by EC/EU regulations whose provisions set out activities defined in the Rural Development Programmes (RDP for the years 2000-2006; 2007-2013; 2014-2020). They impose obligations on a farmer conducting an agricultural activity to protect the environment in compliance with the practice of good agricultural practices. Their substantive scope has been step by step extended and generally directed to the increase of competitiveness, including agricultural environmental and climate objectives.
IT
Parlare della crisi o del declino della proprietà agricola è esagerato, così come esagerata è la discussione circa l’indebolimento delle sue basi, in particolare la funzione del diritto di proprietà sia nel diritto civile come nel diritto agrario. L’attuale vivace discussione sul tema della proprietà agricola e della sua presente funzione ecologica contraddice la frase precedente. Le sue fonti dovrebbero essere ricercate nella nuova formula di sostegno allo sviluppo delle zone rurali, alla base della quale si trova il principio di sviluppo sostenibile alle zone in oggetto. La concezione di proprietà agricola proposta dal Professor A. Stelmachowski integra il patrimonio dottrinale del diritto civile. Essa è concepita come complesso di diritti e doveri che determinano la situazione giuridica del proprietario dell’azienda agricola. Ciò significa che il proprietario nei confronti degli altri possiede non solo diritti ma anche doveri. Essi si riflettono appieno nella sfera del diritto a usufruire dell’immobile, nel diritto in questione si rivela più intensamente la funzione produttiva della proprietà. La crescente importanza della tutela dell’ambiente ha causato un accelerato sviluppo della legislazione in questo ambito, il che permette di assumere la tesi secondo la quale la funzione ecologica di proprietà agricola diventa dominante nei confronti della funzione produttiva. Gli esempi vengono forniti dai regolamenti dell’UE/CE riguardanti le azioni determinate nei Piani di Sviluppo Rurale (il PSR per gli anni 2000-2006; 2007-2013; 2014-2020). Essi impongo agli agricoltori impegnati a svolgere un’attività agricola gli obblighi della tutela dell’ambiente, in conformità ai principi di buona pratica agricola. Il loro oggetto viene gradualmente ampliato e diretto principalmente verso la crescita della concorrenza tenendo conto degli obiettivi agroambientali e climatici.
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Wspomnienie o Profesorze Walerianie Pańce w 25.rocznicę śmierci

100%
Kurowska T.
Kontrola Państwowa
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2016
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vol. 61
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issue 5 (370)
176-179
XX
Tribute to Professor Walerian Pańko on the 25th anniversary of his death.
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Wspomnienie o Profesorze Walerianie Januszu Pańce - Mistrzu, wybitnym naukowcu, parlamentarzyście, działaczu solidarnościowym

75%
Kurowska T.
Z Dziejów Prawa
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2018
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vol. 11
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issue 1
157-164
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