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EN
The article makes an attempt to show how the birth of modernity is connected in Europe with the development of towns, and constitution of a certain model of awareness that is political in reality, that is, grounded in affective and ideological relations where the town and its internal dynamics are an image. Using analyses by Charles Baudelaire and Walter Benjamin, I claim that the town constructs a modern and de-centred subjectivity. I would particularly like to ponder over the possibility of applying a psychoanalytical method to the interpretation of this “unconscious polis” (through e.g. “spatial analysis” referred to as such by E.W. Soja) What I concentrate on is above all a wide series of phenomena covering practices of an every-day life, artistic interferences as well as collective actions. As a result of covering them, just like symptoms, with a notional web worked out by Freud and Lacan, the very phenomena reveal a fundamental political basis whose discovery allows for a better understanding of the nature and reasons of the phenomena accompanying us in a local life, such as alienation, panopticism or street-art. The appropriateness of these phenomena can be understood, as I try to show, analysing this Benjamin’s dream, dreamt by a contemporary town, a dream about the community, that can be read as utopia. Accepting this utopia as salutary or damned is a fundamentally political gesture.
FR
Dans l’article l’auteur cherche à démontrer de quelle façon la naissance de la modernité est liée en Europe avec le développement des villes et la constitution d’un certain modèle de conscience, en fait politique, c’est-à-dire défini, dans des relations affectives et idéologiques, dont la ville et sa dynamique intérieure sont l’image. En s’appuyant sur les analyses de Charles Baudelaire et Walter Benjamin, l’auteur affirme que la ville construit une subjectivité moderne et décentralisée. Il réfléchit sur la possibilité d’appliquer la méthode psychanalytique à l’interprétation du « polis inconscient » (à travers, par exemple, « l’espacanalyse », comme le dit E.W. Soja). Il se concentre avant tout sur un large éventail de phénomènes embrassant les pratiques de la vie quotidienne, des interventions artistiques et des actions collectives. À la suite de l’application sur elles, comme sur les symptômes, de la grille conceptuelle élaborée par Freud et Lacan, ces phénomènes révèlent une fondamentale base politique, dont la découverte permet de comprendre mieux la nature et les causes des phénomènes qui nous accompagnent dans la vie citadine, comme aliénation, panoptisme et street art. Il est possible, selon l’auteur, de comprendre la détermination de ces phénomènes, en analysant le songe de Benjamin, rêvé par la ville moderne – un rêve sur la communauté, qui peut être interprété comme utopie ; la classification de cette utopie comme salvatrice ou maudite est un geste fondamentalement politique.
PL
Artykuł stawia sobie za cel wykazanie, że we współczesnej literaturze anglojęzycznej wyodrębnić można tradycję, którą cechuje specyficzne przywiązanie do rzeczy, w wielu aspektach zbieżne z dociekaniami prowadzonymi przez przedstawicieli filozofii zwróconej ku przedmiotom (object-oriented philosophy). Pewne aspekty twórczości omawianych poetów – Gerarda Manleya Hopkinsa, Seamusa Heaneya i Jorie Graham – można interpretować jako zwrot ku rzeczom, głównie ze względu na przywiązanie tych autorów do konkretu i szczegółu, co nie powstrzymuje ich jednak przed rozwijaniem swoich zainteresowań w pełnoprawną spekulację metafizyczną. W tym wymiarze, postantropocentryczna filozofia spod znaku realizmu spekulatywnego, a zwłaszcza myśl Grahama Harmana, dostarcza narzędzi konceptualnych pozwalających ująć zagadnienie „istności rzeczy” w perspektywie nowoczesnej, radykalnie zdemokratyzowanej ontologii posthumanistycznej. Krytyka automatyzmów językowych i poznawczych nie jest tu jednak ujęta w kategoriach „śmierci podmiotu”, ale raczej otwiera pole do rozważań nad istotnym miejscem estetyki, a zwłaszcza funkcji metafory
EN
This paper aims to show that within contemporary English-language poetry it is possible to discern a tradition characterized by a specific attachment to things, which in many ways runs parallel to the investigations of philosophers representing object-oriented philosophy. Certain aspects of poems by authors discussed here – Gerard Manley Hopkins, Seamus Heaney and Jorie Graham – can be interpreted as a turn towards objects, mainly due to the devotion of these poets to particulars and details, which nevertheless does not hinder their further explorations of objects and things, often leading to full-blown metaphysical speculation. In this sense, the post-anthropocentric philosophy of speculative realism, especially the thought of Graham Harman, supplies conceptual tools allowing to grasp the “thingness” from the perspective of a modern, democratic post-human ontology. However, such criticism of automatism in language and cognition is not reduced here to the “death of the subject,” but rather serves as means of further opening the field for consideration, especially regarding the important function of aesthetics and the role of a metaphor.
EN
Abstract en: This article attempts to place Jeff VanderMeer’s novel Borne (2017) in the context of the New Weird, and more broadly within the tradition of speculative fiction represented by the Weird and the Gothic. The aim of this is also to bring into focus the role of genre fiction in diagnosing the uncanny underside of its times. In the present context, the key issue is to develop new models of subjectivity that would embrace a trans-species, less anthropocentric and more ecological model of caring and “making kin”. This phrase references Donna Haraway’s project, which is argued to dovetail with VanderMeer’s conclusions, defining the article’s ethical premise, formulated around the theme of adolescence in a post-apocalyptic setting.
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