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1

Recenzja

100%

Stawiarska K.

Psychologia Rozwojowa

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2013

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vol. 18

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issue 2

PL

Ida Kurcz, Hanna Okuniewska (red.) (2011), Język jako przedmiot badań psychologicznych. Psycholingwistyka ogólna i neurolingwistyka, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo SWPS Academica

2

Fiscal rules as institutional tools for public debt management in the European Union Member States

100%

Stawiarska K.

Central European Economic Journal

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2023

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vol. 10

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issue 57

414-428

EN

This paper aims to assess the impact of the second-generation numerical fiscal rules on the effectiveness of public debt management in the Member States of the European Union. The research was conducted using dynamic panel models on a sample of 27 EU Member States over the period 2008–2021. The effectiveness of public debt management was determined by the level of public debt servicing costs, considering not only the impact of the quality of numerical fiscal rules on interest payments, but also other factors influenced by these rules, such as the quality of fiscal policy, the solvency of public finances and the quality of institutional governance. The motivation for this topic was to evaluate the effectiveness of the second-generation numerical fiscal rules following the changes made to their design in the context of the reconstruction of the EU fiscal surveillance system after the global economic and financial crisis of 2008–2010. The research has found that strong numerical fiscal rules improve the effectiveness of public debt management. In addition, stable fiscal policy and higher solvency of public finances, as well as political stability and the absence of violence, are conducive to lower public debt servicing costs. This paper enriches the literature by extending it with a new approach to fiscal rules, highlighting their multifaceted impact on the quality of public debt management.

3

Recenzja

88%

Stawiarska K.

Psychologia Rozwojowa

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2014

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vol. 19

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issue 1

PL

P.L. Harris (2012), Trusting what you’re told: How children learn from others, London: Harvard University Press, 272 s.

4

Kategoria rodziny w słowniku dzieci okresu średniego dzieciństwa. Ujęcie diachroniczne

63%

Stawiarska K., Kielar-Turska M.

Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji

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2014

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vol. 25

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issue 2

45-59

EN

Vocabulary especially changes under the influence of cultural alternations. For example, the changing structure and function of the family in the contemporary world, causes modification of the family lexical representation. The goal of this study was to show changes in the mental lexicon of Polish preschool children in the space of 24 years. The domain of the mental lexicon chosen to be examined, is the family. We compared our results with the results collected by Zgółkowa and Bułczyńska in 1987. The investigation was conducted in a sample of 100 preschool children (age 3–7). We designed the experiment based on self-designed tasks, provoking children to talk about their families. It was expected that present-day preschoolers would talk about their families in the same way as the children, who were living in the late 1980s. This hypothesis had been confirmed. Present-day children use the same words as their peers who were living in the 1980s, when they talk about relatives. However, both groups of children differ according to word frequency. Nowadays, comparing with 1987, some names of family relations are used more often, while some have a lower frequency.

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Recenzja

Fiscal rules as institutional tools for public debt management in the European Union Member States

Recenzja

Kategoria rodziny w słowniku dzieci okresu średniego dzieciństwa. Ujęcie diachroniczne