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Przemiany trójsektorowej struktury zatrudnienia w polskiej gospodarce jako miernik rozwoju (wybrane aspekty)

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Zajdel M.
Zeszyty Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Ekonomicznego w Zielonej Górze
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2016
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issue 4
312-322
PL
W opracowaniu skoncentrowano się na wybranych aspektach strukturalnych w polskiej gospodarce w kontekście rozwoju ekonomicznego (oraz m.in. potencjalnych nierówności, zróżnicowań i dysproporcji). Trójsektorowa struktura zatrudnienia jest jednym z podstawowych wskaźników poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, a także dojrzałości systemu rynkowego. Porównanie trójsektorowej struktury pracujących w Polsce i 15 krajach „dawnej” UE wskazuje na określone różnice w tym obszarze. Dlatego też wydaje się być niezbędne poznanie przeobrażeń tej struktury zatrudnienia (zwłaszcza w latach dziewięćdziesiątych i na początku obecnej dekady).
EN
This paper deals with selected aspects of three sector structure of employment (working) in Polish economy in context of economic development (among others potential disequilibrium, diversity and disparity). The three sector structure of employment is one of basic coefficients of level of socio-economic development, and also the maturity of market system. The comparison three sector of structure working in Poland and 15., countries "former" UE indicates differences in this area. Therefore knowledge about changes in the employment structure in Poland seems to be essential (especially con-cerning last two decades).
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Zmiany w strukturze pracujących w gospodarce województwa łódzkiego

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Zajdel M., Katedra Polityki Ekonomicznej U. Ł.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1999
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vol. 149
EN
The systemic transformation taking place in Poland exerts a strong influence on changes in employment. The article analyzes the goals and determinants of economic restructuring and the directions of changes in the field of employment in the Łódź Province. The author presents the main factors of changes and analyzes the changes in ownership and generic structure of the work force including the changes of current and long-term nature. The characteristic features of these changes include a significant drop in the number of persons employed in the economy and a diminishing share of employees in the industrial sector accompanied by a growing share of persons employed in services, as well as a growing employment in the private sector.
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Przekształcenia strukturalne gospodarki województwa łódzkiego (1989-1993)

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Zajdel M., Katedra Polityk i Ekonomicznej U. Ł.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1997
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vol. 142
EN
The transition from a centrally planned lo a market economy produces many changes of both local and national character. In the present systemic transformations in Poland, the role of the Lodz Administrative Province undergoes an evolution. It calls for structural changes in the economy aimed to increasing its effectiveness and adapting it to new market conditions. This article presents structural transformations in the economy of the Lodz Province, as well as concepts of restructuring it. The author points at the main factors of transformations and analyzes changes in the sectorial branch structure (employment and sales) and in the ownership structure. The main characteristics of these transformations include a relatively stabilized position held by industry within this region and a growing role of services. An interresling phenomenon is also a rapid growth of employment in the private sector. I t should be noted here that the process of structural transformations is by its very nature a long-term phenomenon and at the present time it is in its continuation phase.
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Ekonomiczne aspekty rozwoju województwa łódzkiego

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Zajdel M., Katedra Polityki Ekonomicznej U. Ł.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1998
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vol. 147
EN
The process of socio-economic transformation in Poland generates many changes both of local and national character. In this situation, the role of the Łódź Province undergoes a steady evolution. It is characterized by a traditional predominance of light industries affected adversely by changes in demand for their products. The report analyzes certain elements characteristic for this region (administrative province) and its role during the period of systemic transformation. Special attention has been paid to specific changes connected with the very nature of a market economy (among others, changes in branch and ownership structure of enterprises, and their restructuring). Characteristic features of these changes include a relatively stabilized position held by the industry in this region and, on the other hand, the growing role of services and the private sector. The report is based on statistical data for the years 1989-1994 provided by the Provincial Statistical Office in Łódź and the Provincial Labour Office, as well as by the Central Statistical Office in Warszawa. The data were helpful when analyzing the economic situation in this region of Poland. It should be noted also that a number of different issues connected with economic transformations of the region are still open. Hence, it would seem advisable to continue the research in this field.
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Labour Supply in Poland in the Context of the Integration with the European Union

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Zajdel M., University of Łódź C. o. E. P.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2007
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vol. 212
PL
Proces społeczno-gospodarczej transformacji w Polsce generuje dużo zmian odnośnie do rynku pracy. Opracowanie dotyczy analizy wybranych aspektów podaży pracy w Polsce w kontekście integracji z Unią Europejską. Omówiono m.in. różnorodne aspekty tego rynku związane ze stanem i strukturą zatrudnienia oraz bezrobociem. Charakterystycznymi cechami badanych zjawisk są m.in.: spadek liczby pracujących w polskiej gospodarce oraz zmniejszający się udział zatrudnionych w sektorze przemysłowym, a zarazem wzrost zatrudnienia w sektorze prywatnym. W opracowaniu wykorzystano m.in. dane statystyczne i informacje Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego w Warszawie, które były pomocne w analizie podaży pracy w Polsce. Należy zauważyć także, iż różne dociekania odnośnie do podaży pracy są sprawą otwartą. Stąd wydaje się, iż celowe jest kontynuowanie badań z tego zakresu.
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Przemiany strukturalne gospodarki województwa łódzkiego w latach dziewięćdziesiątych

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Zajdel M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2001
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vol. 155
EN
Transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy generates many changes bothn of local and national character. The role of the Lodz Province tends to undergo a constant evolution within the systemic transformation taking place in Poland. The province needs structural changes in its economy in order to raise its effectiveness and adapt it to new market conditions. The present article is focussed on presentation of structural transformations in the local economy in the 1990s and discussion of different concepts concerning restructuring of this administrative province. There are identified main factors of transformations and analysed changes in the structure of employment and sales according to their types, in the structure of local economy according to sectors and ownership. Main characteristics of these transformations include relative stabilisation of industry in the province, on the one hand, and growing role of services, on the other hand. Moreover, a rapid growth of employment in the private sector tok place. It should be noted that the analysed process of structural transformations is a long-term phenomenon by its very nature and it is continued all the more so as the new territorial division of Poland came into force as of January 1st 1999.
7
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Charakterystyka gospodarcza województwa łódzkiego (wybrane aspekty)

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Zajdel M., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. P. E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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1995
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vol. 137
EN
As a result of institutional transformations taking place in Poland, the role of the Administrative Province of Łódź undergoes an evolution. The article discusses certain characteristics of this administrative province, its socio-economic functions and role during the present period of transformations in the socio-economic system. It is an attempt to explain transformations on the regional (provincial) scale occurring today. A special emphasis has been laid on a specific nature of changes necessitated by the transition to a market economy (among others, problems of unemployment, competititiveness and economic autonomy, privatization and restructuring of enterprises). The performed analysis has been based on data for the years 1990 1992 coming from the statistical yearbooks, reports of the Provincial Statistical Office in Łódź and the Provincial Labour Office. It should be added that a number of issues connected with transformations of the local economy have not been solved yet and they call for further studies.
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Dylematy rozwoju ekonomicznego regionu łódzkiego

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Zajdel M., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. P. E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2004
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vol. 174
EN
The article deals with dilemmas of the Łódź Region development during the systemic transformation. Hence, its main goal is presentation, among other things, of certain problems connected with plans, conditions and directions of economic development processes in this region. More light is shed on problems connected with the local economy in the city of Łódź. The article can contribute to a fuller understanding of problems (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats), which can be found here. It should be also added that economic development of the Łódź Region is a long-term process calling for its continuation.
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Popyt na pracę w województwie łódzkim

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Zajdel M., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. P. E.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2007
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vol. 207
EN
The systemie transformation which is taking place in Poland has exerted a strong influence, among other things, on the transformations on the demand side of the labour market. In the following, study the issues concerning the demand for labour in the Łódź province have been presented (with a special emphasis placed on the issue of employment). The main factors of transformations in this field have been shown. Among other kinds of research, the analysis of changes in the ownership and generic structure of the employed have been carried out. Characteristic features of these transformations are as follows: on one hand, a considerable decrease in the number of the employed in the Łódź economy as well as a decline in the share of the employed in the industrial sector and on the other hand, an increase in the share of the employed in the service sector as well as a rise in employment in the private sector. AnoUher characteristic feature is an inadequate demand for labour in relation to the scale of unemployment. In the article there have been indicated transformations of the demand for labour both of a current and a long-term nature. These transformations prove that the economic authority should not evade the responsibility connected with carrying out a conscious policy of full employment which would minimize the effects of excessive fluctuations on the labour market (the result of which is, among other things, a high rate of unemployment). Such a policy should encompass all the measures and actions taken by the stale (both in the nationwide and the local aspect) as regards the regulation of the demand and supply of workforce. Therefore, a long-term and coordinated pro-employment economic policy is required.
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