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EN
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this article is to present the result of the comparison of the short‑run and the long‑run solutions available for the Eurozone crisis. The main focus lies in examining if the provisions provided for the short‑term are sufficient compared to the long‑term solutions. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The existing monetary policy in the European Monetary Union at the beginning of the crisis will be examined together with the measures pursued immediately following the crisis as well as future prospects. The study is based on a literature review. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The monetary policy showed structural problems clearly emphasizing that the Eurozone was not prepared to address this crisis. The first reactive measures were taken several months after the start of the crisis. The implemented solutions on the short‑run did not meet the requirements to garner lost trust and determination. In summary, the decided provisions on the short‑run solutions were not sufficient. RESEARCH RESULTS: On the one hand, some efforts were made to find short run solutions. But these short‑run solutions could not solve the financial difficulties of the affected Eurozone countries. On the other hand, long‑run solutions are highly discussed in the literature but are not set in place. Therefore, only a political and monetary union can solve the structural problems of the Eurozone. However, in the foreseeable future, politicians need to spend more efforts into this aim. CONCLUSION, INNOVATION AND RECOMMENDATION: The paper underlines the need for a political and monetary union. A first step in the long‑term would be the introduction of the European Monetary Fund and later on the Eurobonds.
EN
The aim of this paper is to understand the economic reforms that were undertaken in the late 1980s and early 1990s in India and their relevance today. The study is based on a literature review. The findings from the literature review are validated from data on growth at the national and regional levels. It was found that much of the effects of the reforms are relevant even today in the Indian context. There has been a positive impact on growth due to liberalisation policies. Economic indicators such as GDP and FDI have been on an increasing trend. The removal of trade barriers has had a positive effect on industry. Employment opportunities have increased in both rural and urban areas resulting in a reduction in unemployment. On the negative side, the observed growth is not inclusive. There has been regional a disparity in growth among the different states with some states growing faster than others. Moreover, not all sectors enjoy the benefits of liberalisation. The agriculture sector, for example, has not seen any or at least very few reforms. Thus to sum up, the government of India needs to continue the reforms and ensure that the benefits of an open market reaches one and all.
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