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Posiadane zasoby osobiste (optymizm i poczucie własnej skuteczności) a ocena jakości życia. Analiza współzależności

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Pietras-Mrozicka M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica
|
2016
|
issue 57
19-38
EN
Individual factors influencing the assessment of subjective and objective dimensions of the quality of life should be analysed in the research aimed at quality of life assessment. This article is of interdisciplinary nature, as it focuses on both sociological and psychological views. Its aim is to find out whether there is any interdependence between the quality of life with its aspects and the personal resources of individuals whose quality of life was assessed; that is dispositional optimism and self-efficacy. For that purpose the existing data referring to quality of life assessment of varied groups of people have been analysed. The groups consisted of healthy people, ill people and those remaining in difficult living conditions (homelessness and imprisonment). The level of dispositional optimism and self-efficacy of all participants of the research analyzed was also assessed. Adequate psychological tools were used to measure the levels of personal resources: General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). The results of the analysis have proved the existing, but not necessarily direct, interdependence between the variables. The more indirect influence of optimism on subjective and objective aspects of the quality of life has been noticed. Living conditions affect the way personal resources are formed and developed or reduced during lifetime. The analysis may indicate further directions for the development of the health, family, social policy.
PL
Badając jakość życia jako wymiar subiektywny i obiektywny, warto przyjrzeć się czynnikom indywidualnym, które mogą wpływać na jej ocenę. Artykuł ma charakter interdyscyplinarny, łącząc aspekty socjologiczne i psychologiczne. Celem jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy istnieje współzależność pomiędzy oceną jakości życia i składających się na nią aspektów a posiadanymi zasobami osobistymi badanych: dyspozycyjnym optymizmem oraz poczuciem własnej skuteczności. W tym celu analizie poddane są dotychczasowe badania jakości życia różnych grup ludzi: zdrowych, chorych i znajdujących się w trudnych sytuacjach życiowych (bezdomność, pozbawienie wolności). U badanych zmierzony został także poziom dyspozycyjnego optymizmu oraz poczucia własnej skuteczności. Do mierzenia zasobów użyte zostały narzędzia psychologiczne: Skala Uogólnionej Własnej Skuteczności (GSES) oraz Test Orientacji Życiowej (LOT-R). Rezultaty analizy wskazują na istnienie wzajemnej, choć nie zawsze bezpośredniej zależności między omawianymi zmiennymi. Zaznacza się bardziej pośrednia rola oddziaływania optymizmu na subiektywne i obiektywne składniki jakości życia. Warunki życia mają zaś wpływ na kształtowanie i dalsze rozwijanie/ pomniejszanie posiadanych zasobów. Przeprowadzona analiza może wskazać na dalsze kierunki rozwoju polityki zdrowotnej, rodzinnej i socjalnej.
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Zmiany dotychczasowego stylu życia pod wpływem leczenia dietą bezglutenową w celiakii. Przyczynek do badań

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Pietras-Mrozicka M.
Ekonomia. Wrocław Economic Review
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2017
|
vol. 23
|
issue 4
179 - 193
EN
Strict adherence to any elimination diet changes past styles of life of people. It refers especially to the ones who are obliged to introduce a diet because of a diagnosis of food-related illnesses, such as coeliac disease (CD). The constraints perceived by the individuals on a dietary regimen may have a negative infl uence on their psychosocial functioning. The diffi culties are usually experienced in the situations connected with public consumption like social events and family gatherings. The article is an attempt to analyze how the implementation of a restrictive diet affects the past lifestyle of people diagnosed with CD. The only way of treatment of CD is a strict and lifelong elimination of gluten. The results presented are based on literature and a survey carried out on a group of forty people diagnosed with CD, recruited among the members of The Polish Association of People with Coeliac Disease and on a Gluten Free Diet (GFD). The research tool was a socio-demographic and medical questionnaire of own authorship. The character of the survey was just preliminary as it is going to be followed by a further in-depth qualitative research in the future. The results of the analysis suggest that introducing a GFD may result in a worsening of psychosocial functioning of the suff erers, nevertheless some noticeable improvements in their somatic health. This explains why expanding the social awareness of the diffi culties experienced by people forced to undertake a GFD as a treatment is an important issue. It may contribute to the implementation of some good practices aimed at better quality of life of coeliac suff erers and elimination of barriers to regimen adherence they meet. It is of crucial importance as untreated CD may result in a gradual deterioration of their health status and occurrence of other serious diseases. Thus, supporting the suff erers of CD in adherence to dietary restrictions enhances their chances of maintaining an active style of life and more equal participation in social life.
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