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EN
The Old Polish last wills are very remarkable sources of information on the history of mentality, material culture and everyday life. Wills and testaments coming from the lands of Rus voivodeship in particular provides us with many interesting, unknown information about family relations, patronage, estate and foundations of nobility in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The edition presented to the reader includes the last will of officer Marcin Ubysz of Mogielnica, written in May 1690. The manuscript on which this edition is based belongs to the Collection of Aleksander Czołowski in The Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw (ms 626, pp. 116–117). Modified copy of this document is part of the collection of the Archives of the Polish Province of Dominicans in Krakow and is kept there with the pressmark Lw 588, with other documents concerning Ubysz foundations. The following text presents a heretofore unknown Halicz nobleman and a benefactor of the Lviv Dominicans, but is also a contribution to wider reflections about daily life of the epoch of John III Sobieski.
PL
The Educational Journey of Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski to Western Europe (1684–1686)In the eighties of the 17th century many young noblemen and magnates from the Polish Commonwealth of the Two Nations set out on an educational grand tour of Western Europe. The above tour constituted the last stage in the educational process of the young elites; it was embarked on for the purpose of acquiring experience, getting to know the world and unknown countries, their culture, customs and language. Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski (1666–1726), the subsequent voivode of Bełz, Grand Hetman and Castellan of Krakow also received a similar education. Initially, this son of the Crown Field Hetman Mikołaj Hieronim and Cecylia Maria Radziwiłł attended the schools in Lvov and subsequently, he began his studies at the University of Krakow. In the years 1684–1686, the young subprefect of Lvov set out on a tour of Western Europe; in the autumn of 1684, he travelled from Prague to Paris. During this journey, two governors – Fox and Woynarowski took care of the young Sieniawski. A diary of the journey conducted by two brothers, Aleksander Jan and Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski, who also visited Western Europe at the time, makes it possible to complete the missing details of Sieniawski’s stay in the capital of France. In the diary there are frequent allusions to the meetings with the young Lvov subprefect. While in Paris, Sieniawski did not only concentrate on studying but also spent time on social visits, entertainment and simply sightseeing. Towards the end of April 1685, he went for a trip to England where he participated in the coronation celebrations of James Stuart II. In the autumn of the same year, he also visited the north of France and the Netherlands. Towards the end of 1686, Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski returned to the Polish Commonwealth; one can only assume that on his way back, he also visited Rome and Venice.
PL
The Grand Tour of Aleksander Jan and Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski in the Eighties of the 17th centuryIn the years 1682–1688, the sons of hetman Stanisław Jabłonowski, Aleksander Jan and Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski had embarked on a great educational journey across Europe, the so called grand tour during which they visited even the most remote corners of our continent; in the course of their travels, they visited France, Spain, Italy, and even distant England. Thanks to the diary of their youthful journey which has been preserved intact, it is possible for us today to learn many interesting details concerning their grand tour: „Diarium mansionis Parisiis et diarium itineris in Angliam conscriptum ab me Alexandro in Jabłonow Jabłonowski”. The manuscript of the diary, written in Latin and consisting of over 500 pages, can be found in the Counts’ Czartoryski Library in Kraków; its reference number is: 1152 II. In the volume, one can find notes which were recorded by the two Jabłonowski brothers during the time of their studies in the Jesuit College Louis-le-Grand in Paris; the hetman’s sons made note of all their daily events, giving accounts of their meetings, visits, the course of their studies. One can also find descriptions of historical monuments as well as meetings with various contemporary luminaries. At the end of August and at the beginning of September 1685, the Jabłonowski brothers set off for England. In their diary, they gave a detailed account of their stay on the Island; the account constitutes one of the more interesting descriptions of this type in Poland. In November 1686, following a longer sojourn in Paris, brothers Aleksander and Jan Stanisław Jabłonowski set out on another leg of their journey, this time across Spain and Italy. They gave a detailed account of this part of the journey in their diary. Finally, it ought to be said that the diary reveals and illustrates a very interesting phenomenon, namely that of how popular and indeed widespread the idea of travel had become among the inhabitants of the Polish Commonwealth of Nations.
EN
The article presents the hitherto unknown details of the commission which the Flemish painter Ferdinand van Kessel received from John III Sobieski, the king of Poland, based on previously unpublished letters of Antoine Moreau, Polish ambassador to the Hague, preserved in the British Library in London (Townshend Papers, Add MS 38493). Moreau was a royal agent in the Netherlands and resided in the Hague from 1685-92, from where he sent to the Polish king detailed reports concerning the current political situation and diplomatic affairs. Moreover, Antoine Moreau's correspondence is an invaluable source for Sobieski's art patronage and commissions. His letters help us trace and examine Moreau's participation, as the royal agent, in the import of artworks, mention some goods bought for the king, and reveal details concerning shipments of paintings and art objects sent from the Netherlands. Until now, all information about Ferdinand Kessel's paintings made for the Wilanów Palace originated from a book published in 1729 by one of Kessel's pupils, Jacob Campo Weyerman. Ferdinand van Kessel, a painter from Breda, was mentioned in Moreau's correspondence in connection with a royal commission and shipment of several paintings sent through the port of Danzig for the royal residence in Wilanów. The letter written by Moreau to Sobieski in August 1687, in particular, includes a note listing paintings intended for Sobieski that included Afrique belonging to Kessel's The Four Parts of the World series; crate with several Kessel's painting was sent to the king at that time. John III Sobieski had numerous other agents who assisted him in the acquisition and delivery of artworks and luxury objects. Two of them, Francesco Mollo and the Danzig postmaster Casper Richter, are particularly well known for their involvement in the royal commissions and import of artworks from the Netherlands through Danzig; since they cooperated with Antoine Moreau, they are also mentioned in his correspondence.
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