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RU
Предметом статьи является языковая характеристика патронимов, засвидетельствованных в метрических записях православного прихода в Беловеже в 1891–1895 и 1906–1910 годах. Рассматриваются формы отчеств и их вариативность, обусловленная использованием в качестве словообразовательных баз разных фонетико-морфологических форм личных имен. Ономастический материал показал, что кроме церковных вариантов имен, в образовании отчеств использовались их литературные («официальные светские») и, реже, разговорные варианты. О чередовании форм патронимов можно говорить также в словообразовательном аспекте, так как помимо типичных для исследуемого периода отчеств с суффиксами -ов, -ев, -ин, встречались формы с суффиксом -ич. В женских же персоналиях, за немногочисленными исключениями, употреблялись полные формы патронимов на -овна, -евна, -инична.
PL
W artykule dokonano charakterystyki językowej patronimów poświadczonych we wpisach metrykalnych parafii prawosławnej w Białowieży w latach 1891–1895 i 1906–1910. Zostały omówione formy imion odojcowskich oraz ich wariantywność wynikająca z wykorzystania, jako podstaw motywujących, różnych odmianek fonetyczno-morfologicznych imion chrzestnych. Materiał onomastyczny pokazał, że oprócz imion kanonicznych w kreacji patronimiców korzystano także z ich wariantów literackich („oficjalnych świeckich”), rzadziej potocznych. O oboczności form imion odojcowskich można mówić także na płaszczyźnie strukturalnej, ponieważ obok typowych dla omawianego okresu patronimów męskich na -ov, -ev, -in, pojawiały się formacje wzbogacone o sufiks -ič. W żeńskich formułach identyfikacyjnych otczestwa były zapisywane, poza nielicznymi wyjątkami, w formach pełnych na -ovna, -evna, -inična.
EN
The paper presents a linguistic characteristic of patronyms contained in parish registers of the Orthodox parish in Białowieża in the years 1891–1895 and 1906–1910. The forms of paternal names are discussed, as well as their variability resulting from the use, as motivating bases, of various phonetic-morphological variants of first names. The onomastic material reveals that in addition to the canonical names, their literary ("official secular") and less frequent colloquial variants were used in the creation of patronyms. The variation in the forms of paternal names can also be seen at the structural level, as besides the male patronymics with -ov, -ev, -in, which were typical for the period in question, there appeared forms with the suffix -ič. In female identification formulas, otčestva were written, with few exceptions, in full forms with -ovna, -evna, -inična.
EN
The article is devoted to the characteristics of the most recent naming of Bielsk Podlaski residents including denominational differences. The analysis of the resource material excerpted from the Orthodox and Roman Catholic parish registers allows to distinguish in both Churches’ naming names enjoying high, average and little popularity in the discussed period (2001–2010). Moreover, based on statistical data, a proportional share (in the naming of both Churches) of the names with regard to their etymology (language and origin) has been established. What is more, the top ten most popular names selected in both denominational groups have been compared therein whereas the most popular Christian names of the town’s residents have been confronted with the analogous national rating.
Poradnik Językowy
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2020
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vol. 779
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issue 10
61-76
EN
This paper concerns the interpretation problems accompanying the contemporary surnames with the formative -yk/-czyk (on the example of the Białystok region). Its aim is to present various manners of explaining the origin of anthroponyms with this suffix. As the analysis has shown, the complexity of the problems involved in determining the etymology of the discussed surnames is manifested mainly (Dziemiańczyk, Tomczyk), appellative surnames (Gołowaczyk, Kulawczyk), surnames coined based on expressions indicating a profession or function (Atamańczyk, Tokarczyk), and ones coined based on place names (Majdańczyk, Nurczyk).
PL
The subject of this article is the contemporary fashion in name-giving analyzed in the linguistic and cultural context. Today, name-giving preferences are not limited to the use of names of a single certain origin. Contemporary name-giving fashion is evolving in multiple ways. Today, traditional Christian first names, first names Slavonic in origin, as well as modern names borrowed from onymic systems of other nations are popular in Poland. Anthroponyms of Christian origin enjoy the greatest popularity. Also, a change of factors decisive for the choice of a name can be observed in the contemporary name-giving culture. Previously, religious determinants and family tradition were decisive for the name of a newly born child. Today, the choice of a name is mostly affected by fashion and aesthetic preferences.
EN
The paper presents contemporary surnames of Podlasie derived from the names of professions, courtesy titles, held offices and performed functions. Several groups of anthroponyms were identified through etymological analysis of the gathered material, primarily focused on the semantics of word roots. Contemporary surnames were formed from the following categories of words associated with: 1) crafts (Bondar, Kowalczuk), 2) agriculture, forestry and animal production (Fiszer, Pastuszak), 3) food preparation (Kucharczuk, Mielczarek), 4) trade (Budnik, Salnikow), 5) protection of objects and facilities (Leśnik, Pasiecznik), 6) mansion service (Dworańczyk, Pachołek), 7) music (Fidler, Grajko), 8) occasional functions (Drużba, Krzyżak), 9) religion (Kirchner, Monachowicz), 10) military service (Atamańczyk, Janczar), 11) public offices (Rejent, Tywonek), 12) social status (Dziedzic, Ofman), 13) others (Godun, Stangryciuk). Some surnames (e.g. Budnik, Hajduk, Pachołek) were allocated to more than one category because of their polysemous lexemes. From a linguistic point of view the analysed surnames come from Polish (Cieśla, Krawiec), East Slavic (Czebotariow, Monach), German (Rezler, Sznajderuk) or Baltic words (Dojlida). In terms of word formation, most surnames are the equivalents of common names (Kołodziej, Ogrodnik), although there are also derivative surnames with suffixes (Korolko, Szwajdych), some representing the patronymic model (Majstrowicz, Tokarzewicz; Puszkaruk, Szklaruk) or having genetically possessive suffixes (Kniaziew, Winnikow).
EN
The World of Plants in the Dialectal Lexis of the Polish- Belarusian Borderland: An Analysis of A Dictionary of the Local Dialect of the Bielsk Podlaski Region (Słownik gwary bielsko-podlaszskiej)This article presents a lexical analysis of vocabulary related to plants used in the Polish-Belarusian borderland. Source material comes from A Dictionary of the Local Dialect of the Bielsk Podlaski Region (Słownik gwary bielsko-podlaszskiej / Slovnik hovu͡оrki b’el’sko-pudl’ashskuĭ) by Mikołaj Wróblewski. The method of semantic fields applied in the study made it possible to identify the following groups: (1) trees and shrubs (јалу͡овец’, кл’у́ква, лішчы́на); (2) grasses, herbs and flowering plants, vines (гурчы́ц’а, кон’ушы́на, піры͡еј, хву͡ошчка); (3) fruits and vegetables (а́γрест, ры͡епа, сала́та, цібу́л’а, чорні́ц’а); (4) cereals (јачмі͡ен’, кукуру́за, ове́с); (5) mushrooms (дро́пл’а, мухомо́ра, сіроjі͡ежка); (6) parts of plants (гу͡ол’ка, корене́ц’, стебло́); (7) habitats and plant communities (бере́зінка, джу́нгліја, пере́лісок); (8) other nouns (омела́, по́росл’, садзо́нка); (9) features, properties (вул’хо́вы, доздры͡елы, оры͡еховы, прысо́хлы); (10) processes, activities (вкорені́тіс’е, вы́цвісті, зопры͡еті, позел’ені͡еті). Świat roślin w leksyce gwarowej na pograniczu polsko-białoruskim (na materiale Słownika gwary bielsko-podlaszskiej)W artykule dokonano charakterystyki słownictwa z pogranicza polsko-białoruskiego, dotyczącego świata roślin. Materiał źródłowy zaczerpnięto ze Słownika gwary bielsko-podlaszskiej (Словніка гову͡оркі б’ел’ско-пудл’ашскуј) Mikołaja Wróblewskiego. Przy opisie posłużono się metodą pól semantycznych, która pozwoliła na wyodrębnienie następujących grup: 1. drzewa i krzewy (јалу͡овец’, кл’у́ква, лішчы́на); 2. trawy, rośliny zielne i kwiatowe, pnącza (гурчы́ц’а, кон’ушы́на, піры͡еј, хву͡ошчка); 3. owoce i warzywa (а́γрест, ры͡епа, сала́та, цібу́л’а, чорні́ц’а); 4. zboża (јачмі͡ен’, кукуру́за, ове́с); 5. grzyby (дро́пл’а, мухомо́ра, сіроjі͡ежка); 6. części roślin (гу͡ол’ка, корене́ц’, стебло́); 7. miejsca, zbiorowości (бере́зінка, джу́нгліја, пере́лісок); 8. inne nazwy rzeczownikowe (омела́, по́росл’, садзо́нка); 9. cechy, właściwości (вул’хо́вы, доздры͡елы, оры͡еховы, прысо́хлы); 10. procesy, czynności (вкорені́тіс’е, вы́цвісті, зопры͡еті, позел’ені͡еті).
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