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Occurrence of alien species in the agriculture landscape: a case of Proszowice Plateau (Southern Poland)

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Towpasz K., Stachurska-Swakoń A.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
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2018
EN
Synanthropisation of vegetation is today a serious problem both due to its impact on plant and animal diversity, as well as its significance through the impact on the global and local economy in the direct and indirect direction. Understanding the mechanisms of new arrivals is one of the important aspects of many types of research. The presented paper concerns the analysis of selected features of kenophytes occurring on the Proszowice Plateau (Southern Poland). On the basis of long-term floristic studies, a list of kenophytes was selected. The list was subject to a detailed analysis of the frequency, origin, ecological numbers, life forms, and life strategies. The results indicate that perennial species with a CR life strategy have the greatest chance of expansion in the agricultural area, although the annual species with the C strategy predominate.
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Allelopathic effects of Stellaria media (L.) Vill. on germination and early stages of growth of Raphanus sativus var. radicula

71%
Zandi P., Barabasz-Krasny B., Stachurska-Swakoń A., Puła J., Możdżeń K.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae
|
2018
EN
Influence of aqueous extracts of aboveground organs of common crop weeds Stellaria media on germination and seedlings growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers.) was studied. Three different cultivars of radish (i.e. ‘Rowa’, ‘Krakowianka’, and ‘Półdługa’) were used to investigate if Stellaria media could produce allelopathins and if the impact of allelopathins differs between cultivars. The influence of allelopathins in various form of extracts was checked, i.e. decoction, infusion, and macerate, as the impact on germination rate, seedling growth (length and mass), and electrolyte leakage. Compared to the control group (distilled water used) the germination rate of radish seeds was lower, independently of the type of S. media extracts used. The growth of seedlings differed between cultivars and form of extract. It was noticed the inhibition of seedling growth for ‘Półdługa’ cultivar independently of extract form. The growth of two other cultivars was stimulated by the infusion, and slightly inhibited by the decoction and macerate. The extracts reduced the outflow of electrolytes through the cell membranes of radish seedlings of all but one the analysed radish cultivars. The exception was the macerate, which in the ‘Rowa’ cultivar caused the increase of the electrolyte leakage.
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