Klasyczne ujęcie bezpieczeństwa państwa wiązało się z rozgraniczeniem na bezpieczeństwo narodowe i wewnętrzne. Przemiany cywilizacyjne jakie zaszły w ciągu ostatniego ćwierćwiecza w znacznej mierze unieważniły ten podział. Za główny czynnik zmian należy uznać rozwój społeczeństw o strukturze sieciowej oraz kształtowanie się stosunków międzynarodowych o charakterze sieciowym. Powoduje to konieczność traktowania bezpieczeństwa państwa w sposób zintegrowany. Rozmywanie się granic pomiędzy tradycyjnie rozumianymi kategoriami bezpieczeństwa narodowego i wewnętrznego stanowi eo ipso wyzwanie zarówno dla teorii, jak i praktyki bezpieczeństwa.
Analysis of the Russian doctrine, strategic thought and practice in the Ukrainian conflict shows that the Kremlin has developed the concept of “new wars” or “new generation of wars”. In this concept one can find the “information wars”, “reflective governance” and “mutiny wars”. In the matter of fact it is the reaction to the western concept of “information warfare” and “hybrid war”. The Ukrainian conflict is probably kind of a training ground of the Russian special services, both military (GRU) and the SVR. In the concept of “new wars” special services has to play the main role as a useful tool but also as an intellectual background.
The starting point of thoughts presented in this paper is the main thesis of the last issue of Global Trends. Paradox of Progress reads that the gap between popular expectations and government performance will grow and democracy itself is no longer be taken for granted. The Author analyses main factor determining the crisis of liberal democracy and presented the view that we are facing the very beginning of the greatest change from 1945 in the domestic and international policy of the Western democratic countries. In conclusions the Author proposes preparing analysis and prognosis from the point of view of the interests of Polish Republic.
This article deals with issue of information security of the state. The author analyzes in this context the attributes and functions of the information stating that the modification of information’s attributes causes that it can not fulfill its functions properly. This requires the state to have defensive capabilities (protecting its own information and information systems) as well as offensive (the ability to carry out its own information and disinformation operations).
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