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PL
Powieść Juliusza Kadena-Bandrowskiego Łuk jest utworem nowatorskim modernizmu polskiego. Pisarz z epickim rozmachem przedstawił w niej społeczność Krakowa w przededniu wybuchu I wojny światowej. O wyjątkowości krajobrazu miejskiego przedstawionego w powieści świadczy wzajemne przenikanie się i dopełnianie nowoczesności, reprezentowanej przez obiekty inżynierii i zabudowy z przełomu XIX i XX w. oraz historii, kultury doświadczanych za pośrednictwem zabytkowej architektury, a także sztuki zdeponowanej w muzeach. Procesy te uruchomiła wojna, kolej jest znakiem gwałtownego ich przebiegu oraz wpływu na ludzkie losy.
EN
Novel Łuk by Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski is a innovatory of polish modernism. The writer showed citizens of Cracow, just before the I World War, in a really epic way. Unique landscape of the city in the novel is represented by it’s modern character, which contains urban engineering, housing and city buildings from the 19th/20th century, history and culture from the ancient architecture. Also the art stored in museums. This process was run by war, railway is the metaphor of the violent passage and influence on people.
EN
The Polish soldier’s ethos of World War I is interpreted only on the basis of the literary representations of the armed action of the Polish Legions. However, it is not the romantic paradigm but a deliberation on dehumanization and mechanization of the modern battlefield that directs the discourse on historical and cultural death of the old Europe. What is ignored is the testimonies of the pilots, sailors, artillerists, who were actually most affected by the development of technology and industrialization at the time, which largely influenced the ways of depicting the fighting on the fronts of the Great War. Wiktor Willmann, graduate of the Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt was a pilot in the Austro-Hungarian army. His Wspomnienia wojenne (War memories) allow to review the popular opinion on the supremacy of the products of the munitions industry, i. e. objects, things, as understood by Tim Dant and Bjørnar Olsen in axiologically defined areas.
EN
Polish prose of the First World War is mostly associated with the Polish Legions. Agnieszka Prószyńska has established that works showing battles of the Polish Legions and other national volunteer formations have similar qualities, so they can be considered a separate genre of literature. Narration specifications, motives and axiological context that demonstrate genological specificity of the Legions-oriented prose, are also visible in works written by Poles who were fighting on the frontlines as soldiers of regular armies. That is why introducing the concept of “Soldier’s Prose of the World War I” is reasonable. Andrzej Kuśniewicz’s novel Lekcja martwego języka (Lesson of a Dead Language) includes many motives from soldier’s literature. The most characteristic are: railway, soldier, child, and landscape destroyed by war. These motives are developed in Kuśniewicz’s prose by the adaptation laws, described by Iwona Puchalska as «re-creation».
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