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EN
The type of la donna Italiana, the statuesque woman with dark hair, light skin and large, black, hypnotic eyes was popularized among the European men of letters in the nineteenth century. This stereotype had already been solidified in eighteenth-century Italian phraseology, but it was later brought into general use by Madame de Staël and George Byron. The Italian poet of the late nineteenth century, Annetta Ceccoli Boneschi, gathered and described the most distinctive features of the female citizens of different regions of Italy used by foreign writers to create their heroines. Among others, the Venetians were supposed to be the most beautiful and seductive women, with their soft accent and smouldering gaze. In Poland, this type of heroine appeared in Józef Ignacy Kraszewski’s novel The Half-Demon of Venice, which is the main focus of this article. The creation of an Italian donna in this romance uses the stereotypes formed during the nineteenth century, but it also uses the individual observations made by Kraszewski himself during his tour through Italy.
EN
Teofil Lenartowicz, who spent over 30 years in exile: in Florence, was one of the wellrecognised Polish artists in nineteenth-century Italy. This thesis is supported by the fact that it was Lenartowicz that was chosen to give lectures at Accademia Adamo Mickiewicz di Storia e Letteratura Polacca e Slava, founded by Domenico Santagata in Bologne in 1879. The archives of Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio still hold some articles, letters and other documents which imply what Italians thought of Lenartowicz as a human being, poet, sculptor and lecturer. The purpose of this paper is to dust off some of these sources.
PL
Teofil Lenartowicz, który spędził ponad 30 lat na emigracji we Florencji, należał do najbardziej rozpoznawalnych polskich artystów w dziewiętnastowiecznych Włoszech. Tezę tę można poprzeć faktem, że to właśnie jego wybrano na wykładowcę Akademii Historii Literatury Polskiej i Słowiańskiej im. Adama Mickiewicza, założonej w 1879 r. w Bolonii przez Domenica Santagatę. W archiwach Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio zachowały się artykuły, listy oraz inne dokumenty, dzięki którym wiadomo, jak Lenartowicz był postrzegany przez Włochów − jako człowiek, poeta, rzeźbiarz i wykładowca. Przedłożony szkic ma na celu przypomnienie niektórych z tych źródeł.
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