Search results

1

Proces formowania się państwa Piastów

100%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2015

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vol. 20

205-218

PL

The paper presents a question of the Piast state formation based on the changes in the network of settlements, in particular the strongholds. The results of archaeological research, enriched by studies performed by historians, show that the processes of forming the Piast state took a relatively short time and it did not entail a period of competition between local tribal leaders. Its character was revolutionary, which determines the uniqueness of the processes occurring in the Polish lands over a thousand years ago.

2

A goldsmith’s workshop in the Poznań stronghold as an indication of cultural contacts between the Piast and the Přemyslid dynasties

100%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2020

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issue 2 (25)

91-108

EN

This paper gives details on a feature uncovered during archaeological research in Ostrów Tumski in Poznań, which yielded crucibles with particles of gold, fragments of gold foil, filigree, rivets, semi-finished products and finished products and beads from decorative stones. The feature was identified as a goldsmith’s workshop and attempts were made to determine the origin of the raw materials and where the artisans came from.

3

Archeologiczne świadectwa o najstarszych świątyniach na Ostrowie Tumskim w Poznaniu

100%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Ecclesia. Studia z Dziejów Wielkopolski

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2006

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issue 2

23-38

4

Pochówki królewskie w katedrze poznańskiej

100%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Ecclesia. Studia z Dziejów Wielkopolski

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2006

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issue 2

39-56

5

Półwysep Szyja w Bninie – świadek historii

100%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Pamiętnik Biblioteki Kórnickiej

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2021

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issue 38

9-19

EN

The peninsula projecting into Lake Bnińskie (and called Szyja by archaeologists) was the site of a long-standing settlement three times. At the turn of the Bronze Age and the early Iron Age, people of the Lusatian culture used the natural defensive settlement in its southern part (which at the time was an inshore island). The second period of intensive settlement of the peninsula was the 940s, when a strongly fortified early Piast stronghold was erected – it was used (with a break of 160 years) until the beginnings of the 13th c. In the mid-13th c., a dwelling on a mound was erected at the base of the peninsula to become home to castellans until Bnin was granted a municipal charter based on the Magdeburg rights between 1386 and 1395.

PL

Półwysep wcinający się w wody Jeziora Bnińskiego (nazwany przez archeologów „Szyją”) był miejscem trzykrotnie zajętym pod dłużej trwające osadnictwo. Na przełomie epoki brązu i wczesnej epoki żelaza w jego południowej części (stanowiącej wówczas przybrzeżną wyspę) ludność kultury łużyckiej użytkowała naturalnie obronną osadę. Drugi okres intensywnego zasiedlenia półwyspu przypadł na lata 40. X wieku, kiedy został tam zbudowany solidnie ufortyfikowany gród wczesnopiastowski, użytkowany (ze 160-letnią przerwą) do początków XIII wieku. W połowie XIII wieku u nasady półwyspu została zbudowana siedziba na kopcu, stanowiąca rezydencję kasztelanów do czasu lokacji Bnina na prawie magdeburskim między 1386 a 1395 rokiem.

6

Archeolodzy uniwersyteccy na Ostrowie Tumskim w Poznaniu

100%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2013

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vol. 18

119-134

PL

The article discusses contribution of archaeologists from the University of Poznań to the study of the origins and development of the early medieval stronghold at Ostrów Tumski, Poznań. The results of their research studies led to the conclusion that the Piasts’ stronghold had been organised on the basis of Carolingian-Ottonian residences with a stone palace and a chapel. These studies also enabled the reconstruction of the further history of the oldest part of Poznań.

7

Jubileusz 45-lecia pracy naukowej Profesor Zofii Hilczer-Kurnatowskiej

88%

Kóčka-Krenz H.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2003

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vol. 10

400-401

8

Wpływy północne (skandynawskie) i zachodnie w państwie pierwszych Piastów

63%

Dębski A., Kóčka-Krenz H.

Historia Slavorum Occidentis

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2020

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issue 2 (25)

130-150

EN

The article deals with the issues concerning an extent and nature of cultural contacts between the early Piasts’ populations and Scandinavia, as reflected by archaeological evidence. The contacts with Carolingian and Ottonian cultures were recorded in sociotopography of leading fortified settlements and also in reception of secular and sacral forms of pre-Romanesque architecture.

9

Gemstones from the ducal part of the fortified settlement of Poznań (10th/11th century) in the light of gemological studies and micro-Raman spectroscopy

51%

Sachanbiński M., Kóčka-Krenz H., Skoczylas J., Girulski R.

Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim

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2014

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issue 55

145-169

PL

During archaeological excavations in Poznań there were discovered a ducal palace, a chapel dated to the 10th century, and goldsmith’s workshop adjacent to them. In the layer of ashes at the bottom of the manufacture, there were fragments of gold found together with numerous glass beads and gems. Fourteen gems, made of rock crystal, agate, carnelian, milky chalcedony, garnet, were chosen for gemstone analysis and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The study material is dominated by beads (12 samples, of which six is faceted and six globular), while two pyrope samples have the cabochon cut. It should be emphasized that the rock crystal gems in the collection are usually heptagonal. Majority of the Poznań collection is of high quality, which is a sign of an advanced grinding and faceting technology. Pyrope from the Poznań collection contains inclusions of apatite, rutile, quartz, and magnetite, identified with micro-Raman spectroscopy. A similar combination of inclusions was recognized in pyrope from deposits in Vestřev near Turnov (Bohemia), and hence it indicates that the artifacts from Poznań were made of the pyrope from those deposits. Considering inclusions in rock crystal artifacts from the Poznań collection it was assumed that the mineral was also of the Bohemian origin.

10

Ryte i wydrapywane motywy na wczesnośredniowiecznych i wczesnonowożytnych naczyniach z Ostrowa Tumskiego w Poznaniu

51%

Antowska-Gorączniak O., Kóčka-Krenz H., Sikorski A.

Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim

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2019

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issue 60

393-402

EN

During excavations carried out in Ostrów Tumski by the Institute of Prehistory of the Poznań University, a small collection of utensils was found with incised or scratched motifs which are reminiscent of decorations (Figure1). The collection includes an early medieval mug (9th – mid-10th c.; Figure 2:1) as well as jars and a plate (?; 16th c.; Figure 2:2-4) with mysterious signs placed on the receptacles before they were fired (incisions: receptacle 1 and 4) and in the course of use thereof (scratched with a sharp object: receptacle 2 and 3). They were excavated in the ducal garden next to the palace and sacral complex (receptacle 1) and the Gothic St. Mary’s church and the adjacent cemetery (receptacle 2) as well as in the northern part of the island (receptacles 3 and 4). They were excavated from cultural layers (receptacle 1), from a well’s thill (receptacle 2), a wooden waste pond where fish were kept (?; receptacle 4) and a backfill of another well (receptacle 3). On the early medieval mug, where the neck becomes a body, it the middle of its circumference, parallel to the receptacle’s edge, there are signs in the form of a vertical line, a square, another vertical line topped with tiny parallel incisions and two crossing lines incised with a sharp object in a dried utensil before it was fired (Figure 3:1). On the upper part of the body of an almost completely preserved jar, four crossing lines were scratched to form a star, a loop, three intersecting lines – a star, the letter “Y” with three perpendicular lines in the lower part and, slightly lower, a boat /a crescent (?; Figure 3:2). On another jar, in the upper part of its body, next to the handle, a sharp object was used to scratch an inscription made of 6-7 “letters” (Figure 3: 3). At the bottom of a bowl (?), a potter incised with a sharp object a lily and an anchor cross. While only four specimens have been excavated in Ostrów Tumski in Poznań, and the signs are hard to interpret, an attempt can be made to explain the reasons why they were placed on the receptacles. The incisions on two of them were made before the receptacles were fired, hence they can be attributed to the potters’ work. In the case of the mug (Figure 2:1; 3:1), the fact that it was made by the same person was emphasized. The act of incising the bottom of the other utensil (Figure 2:4; 3:4) may have somethingto do with it being made for a specific group of users. On the other hand, the two remaining receptacles were scratched when they were ready so they were marked by the owners at the expense of the utensils’ looks. The jug was preserved almost intact (Figures 2:2; 3:2; 4) and could hold 2 litres of liquid. It is covered with symbols meaningful to its owner, perhaps identifying him/her. A piece of the jug (Figures 2:3, 3:3) bears an inscription which, with some caution, may be interpreted as dialectal words of German or Dutch origin, meaning “my (drinking) utensil”. Irrespective of the correctness of “deciphering” the scratched signs, these are undoubtedly unique hand-written inscriptions from the second half of the 16th century. If anything, it is a good reason to devote attention to them.

PL

During excavations carried out in Ostrów Tumski by the Institute of Prehistory of the Poznań University, a small collection of utensils was found with incised or scratched motifs which are reminiscent of decorations (Figure1). The collection includes an early medieval mug (9th – mid-10th c.; Figure 2:1) as well as jars and a plate (?; 16th c.; Figure 2:2-4) with mysterious signs placed on the receptacles before they were fired (incisions: receptacle 1 and 4) and in the course of use thereof (scratched with a sharp object: receptacle 2 and 3). They were excavated in the ducal garden next to the palace and sacral complex (receptacle 1) and the Gothic St. Mary’s church and the adjacent cemetery (receptacle 2) as well as in the northern part of the island (receptacles 3 and 4). They were excavated from cultural layers (receptacle 1), from a well’s thill (receptacle 2), a wooden waste pond where fish were kept (?; receptacle 4) and a backfill of another well (receptacle 3). On the early medieval mug, where the neck becomes a body, it the middle of its circumference, parallel to the receptacle’s edge, there are signs in the form of a vertical line, a square, another vertical line topped with tiny parallel incisions and two crossing lines incised with a sharp object in a dried utensil before it was fired (Figure 3:1). On the upper part of the body of an almost completely preserved jar, four crossing lines were scratched to form a star, a loop, three intersecting lines – a star, the letter “Y” with three perpendicular lines in the lower part and, slightly lower, a boat /a crescent (?; Figure 3:2). On another jar, in the upper part of its body, next to the handle, a sharp object was used to scratch an inscription made of 6-7 “letters” (Figure 3: 3). At the bottom of a bowl (?), a potter incised with a sharp object a lily and an anchor cross. While only four specimens have been excavated in Ostrów Tumski in Poznań, and the signs are hard to interpret, an attempt can be made to explain the reasons why they were placed on the receptacles. The incisions on two of them were made before the receptacles were fired, hence they can be attributed to the potters’ work. In the case of the mug (Figure 2:1; 3:1), the fact that it was made by the same person was emphasized. The act of incising the bottom of the other utensil (Figure 2:4; 3:4) may have somethingto do with it being made for a specific group of users. On the other hand, the two remaining receptacles were scratched when they were ready so they were marked by the owners at the expense of the utensils’ looks. The jug was preserved almost intact (Figures 2:2; 3:2; 4) and could hold 2 litres of liquid. It is covered with symbols meaningful to its owner, perhaps identifying him/her. A piece of the jug (Figures 2:3, 3:3) bears an inscription which, with some caution, may be interpreted as dialectal words of German or Dutch origin, meaning “my (drinking) utensil”. Irrespective of the correctness of “deciphering” the scratched signs, these are undoubtedly unique hand-written inscriptions from the second half of the 16th century. If anything, it is a good reason to devote attention to them.

11

W poszukiwaniu Piastów

24%

Handschuh L., Stolarek I., Juras A., Zeńczak M., Marcinkowska-Swojak M., Myszka A., Trzciński D., Losik-Sidorska A., Wojtczak J., Philips A., Różański A., Dębski A., Kozłowski P., Matla M., Dobosz J., Jasiński T., Piontek J., Kóčka-Krenz H., Figlerowicz M.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2016

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vol. 14

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issue 4 (2)

63-77

EN

The origin of the Piast dynasty is a matter of lively discussions and disputes. At least a few controversial hypotheses exist, but their credibility is difficult to assess due to the scarcity of written as well as material sources, especially from the time of Polish state formation. Life sciences, however, can support history and archeology. Application of genetic tests, used earlier mainly in forensic laboratories, enabled identification of the remains of King Richard III, the Romanov dynasty members and Nicolaus Copernicus. Contemporary DNA studies, based on next generation DNA sequencing, outreach the narrow area of known markers such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and selected regions of Y chromosome. Although ancient DNA (aDNA), extracted from remains, is usually highly degraded and contaminated with genetic material of microorganisms, there are methods which allow for the analysis of such material and retrieval of information about origin, kinship and some phenotypic features of an individual. Genetic studies of the Piast dynasty, a subject of our research project, have to deal with numerous difficulties. In or der to gain access to bone samples, we need to meet a number of formal requirements. Moreover, despite the existence of available abundant documentation on the Piast burials, the actual situation is not always consistent with the written sources. Our first experiences show how difficult it is to localize the remains, identify them and extract DNA of sufficient quality.

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Proces formowania się państwa Piastów

A goldsmith’s workshop in the Poznań stronghold as an indication of cultural contacts between the Piast and the Přemyslid dynasties

Archeologiczne świadectwa o najstarszych świątyniach na Ostrowie Tumskim w Poznaniu

Pochówki królewskie w katedrze poznańskiej

Półwysep Szyja w Bninie – świadek historii

Archeolodzy uniwersyteccy na Ostrowie Tumskim w Poznaniu

Jubileusz 45-lecia pracy naukowej Profesor Zofii Hilczer-Kurnatowskiej

Wpływy północne (skandynawskie) i zachodnie w państwie pierwszych Piastów

Gemstones from the ducal part of the fortified settlement of Poznań (10th/11th century) in the light of gemological studies and micro-Raman spectroscopy

Ryte i wydrapywane motywy na wczesnośredniowiecznych i wczesnonowożytnych naczyniach z Ostrowa Tumskiego w Poznaniu

W poszukiwaniu Piastów