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Mechanismy inkluze a exkluze žen v politice v České republice

100%
Rakusanova P.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2005
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vol. 6
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issue 2
25-30
EN
The article deals with causes of lower involvement of women in political functions in the Czech Republic. The authoress identifies three sets of significant factors: institutional, socioeconomic and political cultural. Her approach is based on the model proposed by Pippa Norris to explain ratio of women in political functions in western European states, which involves both institutional and social factors that influence women's political participation. Thus, the authoress focuses on institutional rules that constitute barriers of entry of women in political functions. Furthermore, she studies an influence of ways of functioning of political parties that affect the level of gender equality in political representation. Finally, she examines attitudes of Czech public and particularly Czech women to women's political participation as well as reflexion of the lower political representation of women in the public discourse. (www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2006020605)
2
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Odcházení: Političky odcházející z politické scény a jejich zkušenosti

63%
Rakusanova P., Vaclavikova-Helsusova L.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2008
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vol. 9
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issue 1
16-25
EN
The participation and representation of women in decision-making bodies is an important factor in evaluating the level of political culture and the quality of democracy in a country. In the Czech Republic, and in post-communist countries in general, the representation of women in decision-making is imbalanced when compared with the representation of men. This fact is indicative of patterns of governance and the attitudes and values of citizens and suggests a generally passive citizenship in post-communist countries. In reaction to this development, there have been a number of analyses on women in politics in recent years. In general these studies concentrate on the barriers facing women entering politics and actively involved in political life. In recent years there has been a tendency in the media to give space to women who have left politics and have them look back and evaluate their career and the nature of politics. In this respect the academic sphere is lagging behind. The authoresses of this article aim to fill in this gap. They examine the following question: why do women leave politics after having struggled so hard to get in? They focus on the experiences of women who, in most of the cases, spent more than a decade in politics. They look at the women's retrospective evaluations of their political careers, at life-work balance in politics, and the women's experience of departing from politics. The article concludes that the key factor behind entry into politics, and behind maintaining a political career, is the relationships within political parties. Stereotypes and strategies continue to influence the strategic choices of actors, who assimilate into the existing political culture and choose not to generate considerable pressure for change in gender relations in political life.
3
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WHY CZECH PARLIAMENTARY PARTY GROUPS VOTE LESS UNITEDLY. THE ROLE OF FREQUENT VOTING AND BIG MAJORITIES IN PASSING BILLS

63%
Linek L., Rakusanova P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 3
423-442
EN
The article aims to explain voting unity in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic based on data from the years 1998-2002. It introduces the basic terminology and theoretical framework used in literature on the behaviour of parties in parliament and the basic institutional rules that should result in the unity of political parties in the Czech parliament. It then presents the data used to measure the unity of Czech parliamentary party groups. The initial assumption that specific institutional factors found in parliament and in political parties would lead to greater PPG unity in the Czech Republic was not confirmed. Although the institutional incentives are similar to those in Western European countries, they do not secure the same level of voting unity in Czech PPGs. The authors conclude that the relatively low party unity is caused by the size of the voting coalitions that pass individual bills.
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