The division of planning tasks as regards spatial development among the local government units is defined by the act of the 27th of March 2003 on planning and spatial development. Pursuant to article 3 of this act, the scope of the commune’s own tasks shall comprise shaping and conducting spatial policy located within the commune, including the resolution of the study of determinants and the directions of spatial development and local plans of spatial development (except for internal maritime waters, territorial sea waters and exclusive economic zone and closed territories). On the other hand, the scope of the county self-government tasks shall comprise conducting, within the bounds of its ratione materiae competence, the analyses and studies of spatial development regarding the county area and the issues of its development. Shaping and conducting spatial policy within the area of metropolitan union (metropolitan area) belongs to the tasks of the metropolitan union if such a union was created. However, in a province spatial policy is shaped and conducted by the province self-government, whose tasks comprise the resolution of the spatial development plan of the province.
Komunalna skarga konstytucyjna została przewidziana m.in. w Konstytucji Republi-ki Federalnej Niemiec. Jest to szczególny rodzaj skargi, funkcjonującej obok i nieza-leżnie od skargi konstytucyjnej w ogólnym rozumieniu. Podstawą wniesienia skargi do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego jest naruszenie „prawa do samorządu”. Tego rodzaju szczególnej skargi przysługującej jednostkom samorządu terytorialnego w przypadku naruszenia ich samodzielności (samorządności) nie przewiduje się natomiast w Kon-stytucji RP. Obecnie ani komunalny wniosek o zbadanie konstytucyjności aktu norma-tywnego, ani powszechna skarga konstytucyjna, nie stanowią skutecznych i dostatecz-nych środków ochrony tej samodzielności. Wobec tego wskazane byłoby wyposażenie jednostek samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce w prawo wnoszenia „komunalnej skar-gi konstytucyjnej” do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego na akty normatywne naruszają-ce prawo do samorządu, na wzór rozwiązań występujących w tym zakresie w innych systemach prawnych.
EN
The communal constitutional complaint was provided for in the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is a special kind of complaint functioning alongside and notwithstanding the constitutional complaint in general understanding. In Ger-many the basis of lodging it with the Constitutional Tribunal is the infringement of ”the right to self-governance”. In the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, howev-er, this kind of special complaint which local self-government units are entitled to in case of the infringement of their independence (self-governance) is not provided for. At present, neither a communal motion for the examination of the constitutionality of a legislative act nor a general constitutional complaint constitute effective and suffi-cient measures of the protection of this independence. This being the case, it would be advisable that self-government units in Poland are given the right to lodge ”a commu-nal constitutional complaint” about legislative acts that infringe the right to self-gov-ernment with the Constitutional Tribunal, based on the solutions found in other le-gal systems in this area.
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