Search results

1

Działalność duszpasterska i społeczna pastora Rudolfa Gustawa Gundlacha (1850–1922). Przyczynek do historii dobroczynności w Łodzi

100%

Sosnowska J., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. o. W.

Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku

|

2012

|

vol. 10

EN

Rudolf Gustaw Gundlach was born on June 21, 1850 in Paproć Duża near Łomża, located then in the Augustów Governorate. He was raised in an evangelical family which cultivated Protestant ethical traditions. Having left a German secondary school in Warsaw in 1870, he started studying in the Faculty of Theology of the University of Dorpat. On April 18, 1875, he was appointed as an Evangelical clergyman and started working in the Holy Trinity Lutheral Church in Warsaw. Other centres of his pastoral work included parishes in Kamień near Chełm (1876–1889), Wiskitki near Żyrardów (1889–1898), and Łódź (1898–1922). Taking the function of the parish priest in the Holy Trinity Lutheral Church in Łódź in Nowy Rynek (Plac Wolności now), the Reverend R. Gundlach conducted energetic social activities apart from his everyday responsibilities related to pastoral work. He strived to help the poor and the needing, regardless from their religion and nationality. It is worth mentioning that, at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Łódź was a multinational city, with population diversified in terms of religion and culture. The community at risk of poverty and no social care included the working class families. For 13 years, since 1907, the Reverend R. Gundlach was the chairman of the philantropic organisation called Łódzkie Chrześcijańskie Towarzystwo Dobroczynności [Łódź Christian Charity Society], which conducted its activities in Łódź in 1885–1940. Together with members and activists of the Society, R. Gundlach organised 17 philantropic institutions for adults and children, including hospitals, clinics, orphanages, schools, tea houses, job centres, old people’s homes, and night shelters. The Reverend Rudolf Gundlach cooperated permanently with the monthly titled “Zwiastun Ewangeliczny”, where he published his works on religious and social issues. He died in Łódź on October 11, 1922.

2

Poradniki i czasopisma jako źródło postulatywne do badań nad pożywieniem dzieci i młodzieży na ziemiach Królestwa Polskiego w latach 1795–1914 (perspektywa społeczno-kulturowa i zdrowotno-wychowawcza)

100%

Bołdyrew A., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. o. W.

Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku

|

2013

|

vol. 11

EN

Hand-books and magazines are a valuable source facilitating the research of nutrition habits, including children’s nutrition which is widely discussed by the historians from health, biological, economic, social and cultural perspectives. Doctors and hygienists in the Kingdom of Poland popularized the results of the research of West European specialists. Newspapers and hand-books described new ways of pasteurization and sterilization of milk, new means of preparing animal milk and giving it to infants. Much attention was paid to nutrition, including the appropriate diet of young people. There were many articles describing, for instance, so called, chlorosis, among girls. The need to change traditional nutrition habits was emphasised. What the young people and children ate conditioned their health and strength, which on the other hand, influenced their psycho physical condition and intellectual ability. It was therefore an important element of health education. The sources discussed are a significant basis for the research of nutrition patterns and the creation of uniform tendency and standardss concerning nutrition of children in the XIXth and at the beginning of the XXth centuries.

3

Działania Towarzystwa „Kropla Mleka” na rzecz opieki nad dzieckiem i matką w Łodzi w latach I wojny światowej

100%

Sosnowska J., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. o. W.

Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku

|

2013

|

vol. 11

EN

The “Kropla Mleka” [“Drop of Milk”] institution was established in May 1904 on the initiative of Łódź physicians, Stanisław Serkowski and Józef Maybaum (Marzyński), as a section of the Łódź Branch of the Warsaw Hygienic Association. In this form, the institution operated until 1917, when it became an independent entity called “Kropla Mleka” Society in Łódź. Its goal was to provide hygienic and medical care for babies and children from poor families of workers. The institution distributed cow milk, which was examined bacteriologically, pasteurized, and prepared in proportions suitable for children; however, most of all, physicians in “Kropla Mleka” encouraged mothers to breast-feed their babies. In each distribution centre, there was a clinic consultation centre where medical help was provided to ill children. “Kropla Mleka” in Łódź was the first and 56 Sprawozdanie „Kropli Mleka”… [za 1916], s. 8. 57 Już od 1919 r., w ramach działalności Polsko-Amerykańskiego Komitetu Pomocy Dzieciom, instruktorki Amerykańskiego Czerwonego Krzyża organizowały w Polsce Stacje Opieki nad Matką i Dzieckiem, nadając tym placówkom przede wszystkim charakter profilaktyczny. Więcej zob. M. Biegańska-Płonka, „Kropla Mleka” w Łodzi w latach 1918–1939 – osiągnięcia w profilaktyce dziecięcej – sukces, ale jaki? „Przegląd Pediatryczny” 2008, nr 4, s. 303; P. Zwoliński, Z historii działalności charytatywno-dobroczynnej w Łodzi w okresie międzywojennym, „Śląskie Studia Historyczno- Teologiczne” 2004, nr 1, s. 45. 82 Joanna Sosnowska the model organization of this type in the Polish territory. It was meant for the whole society and provided help to all children, regardless from their nationality, religion, social status, or economic status. The years of the World War I, though exceptionally difficult, were the beginning of the most interesting period in the activities of this society. The management board of the institution had to cope with many difficulties, the most important ones being provisioning issues. When analysing the activities of the “Kropla Mleka” Society in Łódź in 1914–1918, one may conclude that, despite complex political, social, and economic conditions, this organization not only continued its mission but it also improved it significantly. The number of milk distribution centres and consultation centres were increased from three up to six, the provision of hygienic care for babies was systematized, older children were included in the activities of the Society by being provided hot meals, and the Society began to provide care for mothers by subsidizing dinners for them. The status of the organization was also regulated; it became a separate, private, and independent entity. Great dedication was shown by physicians-community workers (of various religions) and priests as well as others who joined the activities for the improvement of health and living conditions of children and their mothers.

Refine search results

3 Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku

3 Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. o. W.

2 Sosnowska J.

1 Bołdyrew A.

2 2013

1 2012

Działalność duszpasterska i społeczna pastora Rudolfa Gustawa Gundlacha (1850–1922). Przyczynek do historii dobroczynności w Łodzi

Poradniki i czasopisma jako źródło postulatywne do badań nad pożywieniem dzieci i młodzieży na ziemiach Królestwa Polskiego w latach 1795–1914 (perspektywa społeczno-kulturowa i zdrowotno-wychowawcza)

Działania Towarzystwa „Kropla Mleka” na rzecz opieki nad dzieckiem i matką w Łodzi w latach I wojny światowej