This paper focusses on those literary competitions organized by the Ministry of Culture and Arts in the late 1940s and early 1950s. The analysis of the materials from archives offered a chance to tackle the issues: these competitions were one of the many aspects of the Stalinist offensive. Competitions encouraged writers to approach the problems of socialist realism; they forced artists into submission in accordance with Government. The article discusses six competitions. “The third competition on mass song” in which Tadeusz Różewicz, an important writer, took part, was the most curious was one.
This article seeks to identify some of the uses of „the index of books to be immediately excluded” issued by the Ministry of Culture and Arts in 1951. At that time, decrees of the sort specified inventories of books permitted to be included on the shelves of Polish public libraries. In the process, many books were to be removed for good both from libraries and from native heritage. Additionally, the procedure of “purification”, as it was called by the officials, bore significant similarities to the repressive practices of the German and Russian occupants used during WWII. The author argues that analogies were drawn wittingly or impulsively at least for the effectiveness of German and Russian inventions. The 1951 list of books forbidden for the Polish common reader offers their obsolete character as the reason for exclusion. Up to date did not mean “contemporary” but up to the demands of state authorities. Administrative pressure to reflect the political agenda converted books into somewhat fatter newspapers and in this way seriously damaged book, which had always been the important vehicle of national and cultural memory.
Stefan Żeromski’s Journals focus mostly on matters of intellectual (books, theatre, and exhibition reviews, writing techniques) and personal character, with the latter in¬cluding some very personal material. Żeromski was an exhibitionist in his writing. He described his autoerotic practices, his visits to brothels, details of sexual relationships with his mistresses as well as some personal problems of his friends and acquaintances. The present analysis of the writer’s Journals focusses on how Żeromski tended to write about his intimate life, what matters and to what extent they were treated as taboo by the au¬thor himself, by people from his closest environment, by readers of the manuscript version of his Journals, and finally, by editors and publishers of two 20th-century editions of his work. From this perspective, the close reading of Żeromski’s Journals will thus concentrate on issues such as private life, taboo, censorship and self-censorship.
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