Search results - CEJSH

1

NA HRANICIACH POÉZIE

100%

Hostová I.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

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2022

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vol. 69

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issue 5

435 - 441

EN

The article discusses the diversity of understanding about the category of poetry at the backdrop of the tension between substantial definitions of poetry (and the lyric) and functional and sociological approaches to literature. After addressing the limitations of Jonathan Culler’s construction of the identity of the lyric, it summarises Miroslav Červenka’s views on what constitutes poetry in the era when metre, rhyme, and other formal elements are no longer operative with regards to defining poetry. Subsequently, it provides a short discussion of sociological approaches to the study of literature in the context of other social phenomena (Pierre Bourdieu, Bruno Latour) and lists a few cases which demonstrate the way literary fame was evidently consciously created by actors and groups in the literary field (Walt Whitman, Thomas Stearns Eliot, Emily Dickinson). In the final sections, the article briefly mentions several similar examples from post-1989 Slovak poetry, addresses the ways in which modern and contemporary poetry crosses various boundaries, and introduces the articles included in this special issue of Slovenská literatúra.

2

IBRAHIM AL-KONI: MAN AND HIS WORKS

100%

Machut-Mendecka E.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

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2008

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vol. 61

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issue 2

31-38

EN

The Libyan writer, Ibrahim a l - K o n i is one of the most outstanding authors of the Arab world, the first world-famous contemporary Tuareg writer. He is the author of more than sixty works published so far, most of which comprise short stories and novels. He also published poems and aphorisms. A l - K o n i's writings are almost entirely devoted to to the life of Tuaregs in the desert presented in terms of magic realism. The chief plots of his novels and stories include: human unification with nature up to the point of mysticism, human relationships with jinns and magic practices, contempt for gold and material goods and the ensuing conflict of freedom and attachment for a woman, longing for the lost paradisiacal oasis and durability and inviolability of the desert law in conjunction with specific beliefs. The writer is the chief representative of the Arabic variety of magical realism.

3

THE BEGINNINGS OF PROSE WRITING IN BAHRAIN

100%

Michalak-Pikulska B.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

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2008

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vol. 61

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issue 2

39-48

EN

The contemporary rebirth of literary cultural life in Bahrain began only with the start of the twentieth century. An important role in the development of contemporary Bahraini literature has been played by the press. Its development is linked with the name 'Abd Allah az-Za'id who, in the period 1939-1944, published the weekly 'Djaridat al-Bahrayn'. The first socio-cultural journal was Sawt al-Bahrayn'. The creation of literary clubs and the development of the press directly influenced the flowering of cultural-literary life in Bahrain by creating conditions in which writers, poets and intellectuals could be published. Their works presented a vast array of viewpoints and positions reflecting the changes underway in the country. The output of 'Ali Sayyar, Muhammadal-Madjid and Khalaf Ahmad Khalaf constitutes their own form of literary document. They introduced a new means of viewing the world and new ways of expression.

4

THE CONSEQUENCES OF EDITORIAL ASSUMPTIONS AND DECISIONS

100%

Prussak M.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2005

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issue 1/2(91/92)

188-197

EN

The author discusses the issue of consequences of editor's 'final says', especially with regard to texts preventing any indisputable or unambiguous decision. Using two examples, i.e. the critical editions of B. Prus' 'Faraon' (Pharaoh) - by Zygmunt Szweykowski and of Jan Kasprowicz's works - by Roman Loth, he focuses on two issues. Firstly, manuscript copies of text fragments which the author has not included, for any conceivable reason (be it, e.g., censorship intercessions), in the version to be edited and published, or, fragments removed from subsequent editions, make one reconsider how much of a 'final say' such authors' decisions may have, and review the status of editions containing text versions not authorised by the author, not having been read and/or commented on by his/her contemporaries. Secondly, should one select the last author-approved edition of an early work as a basis, then the issue of chronology and dynamism of that particular author's artistic development, or his/her actual positioning in the literary life of his/her own time, cannot possibly be neglected - the same being true for the question of which text was the basis for critical reception (and sometimes also literary-history reception). As a consequence, one cannot thus avoid the question whether the editor can cope with a 'work in motion' - a text that appears in, and exists through, several much differing editorial versions. Thus, a very basic problem requires being considered. If the editing rules assumed by the editors trigger so much doubt, then one might state with certainty that they appear not to cover the real textual-critical issues relative to pieces being published.

5

THEME AND VARIATIONS

80%

Buky L.

Magyar Nyelv (Hungarian Language)

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2006

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vol. 102

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issue 1

57-72

EN

The text analysed in this paper is a poem by Sándor Weöres, entitled 'Theme and variations'. The eleven text sentence versions realize potential and fictitious semantic and syntactic language use in order to fulfil their pragmatic aim. That aim is to produce variations on the initial text sentence that may be taken to be an instance of standard language use, variations that are not primarily intended to perform linguistic communication as such. In them, it is not only natural emotive functions that direct the formulation of linguistic messages. Rather, they are code-oriented: driven by a syntactic-technical exploitation of the potentials of using linguistic signs with the highest possible degree of freedom. The fact that that procedure results in semantic and grammatical anomalies in part of the cases and that some sentences thus produced have no denotata whatsoever, hardly affects the evaluation of the whole text as a styleme, given that the whole of the text does not contain a message in the communicative sense. (Of course, the communicative contents of the first version is counted among the 'contents' of the text sentence versions.) All that is possible because the poem is an instance of the realization of the poetic function, one that can be presented in a quite simple manner.

6

1956. A WRITERS' CONGRESS WITH A DIFFERENCE

80%

Priban M.

Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)

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2007

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vol. 14

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issue 4

707-718

EN

This article is a discussion of a lesser-known episode in the history of Czechoslovak emigres. In 1956, the year of the historically important Second Congress of the Czechoslovak Writers' Union, some of whose participants spoke out against the repressive aspects of Communist policy on the arts for the first time, a meeting of Czechoslovak emigre writers was held in Paris. It was organized by the Arts Council of Czechs Abroad, which was founded and run by the poet, literary critic, and publisher Robert Vlach (1917-1966). Called the 'Arts Council Congress', it was attended, for example, by Jan Cep (1902-1974), Frantisek Listopad (born Jiri Synek, 1921), Jaroslav Strnad (1918-2000), and Jan M. Kolar (1923-1978). The principal topics of the congress speeches and discussions were the starting point, possibilities, and position of the artist in exile (given by Pavel Zelivan, b. 1925, and Listopad), reflections on the most recent social, cultural, and political developments in Czechoslovakia (Jaroslav Jira, 1929-2005), and the possibilities and limits of communication with readers at home after the hypothetical return of emigres to their native country (a speech given by Cep). The congress sessions, the author argues, can reasonably be considered the height of work in the arts amongst the Czech emigres in the first half of the 1950s.

7

PODOBY SVETOVEJ LITERATÚRY PÍSANEJ PO FRANCÚZSKY: KOUROUMOV ALAH NEMUSÍ

80%

Malinovská Z.

World Literature Studies

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2012

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vol. 4 (21)

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issue 2

15 – 27

EN

Ahmadou Kourouma is one of the most renowned authors writing in French. The notion of the authors writing in French is a new way of referring to the formerly known francophone literature. We address this issue shortly in the introduction of the paper before approaching the writings of Kourouma, a former mathematician and a literary autodidact. The literary style of Kourouma´s writing is seemingly that of a plain, documentary rendering of the African reality; nevertheless, the extra-literary reality is encoded into a multi-layered textual entity. One of these layers conveys the author´s ambiguous relation to the language of the ancient colonizers. While Kourouma deliberately chooses to write in French, he adjusts this, as he calls, “pale” and cold” language to better fit the African temperament. The aim of the paper is to show such double coding functions in the novel Allah ńest pas obligé (Allah is not obliged, 2000): the novel, depicting a story of the children soldiers, simultaneously probes the universal questions of the human existence and the portrayal thereof in the work of art.

8

MYTH, HISTORY AND LITERATURE: READING ISMAIL KADARE’S “ESSAYS ON WORLD LITERATURE” THROUGH GIORGIO AGAMBEN’S “THE COMING COMMUNITY”

80%

Raducanu A.

World Literature Studies

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2020

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vol. 12

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issue 4

20 – 34

EN

The work of Albania’s best-known writer, Ismail Kadare, is focused on his native country’s culture, history and traditions, but has been paralleled by his equal concern with world literature. This has provided him not only with a cultural framework for comparison and analysis, but also with an effective means to render historical processes throughout artistic expression. The collection translated into English as Essays on World Literature: Aeschylus, Dante, Shakespeare (2018) mediates the readers’ imaginary voyage to ancient Greece, Renaissance Italy, Elizabethan England and communist Albania. Using a theoretical approach inspired by The Coming Community (1993) by philosopher Giorgio Agamben (with whom Kadare received the 2018 Nonino Prize), this article discusses Kadare’s essays focusing on Albania’s European identity, supported by the inextricable links between myth, literature and history.

9

PETER ZAJAC A POKUS O PULZAČNÚ ESTETIKU

80%

Hrpáň M.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

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2016

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vol. 63

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issue 5

320 – 325

EN

Peter Zajac advocates the synergy approach to literature in his monographs and studies. In his opinion, literature deals with the theme of problem situations, which do not necessarily have to be crises, but also acts of anticipating and defusing a crisis. The functional sign of their presentation is the pulsatory character as an output of multidimensional nature and manifold interaction, which resulted from thematising the life world. The creativity of literature seen in this way is closely related to the dynamics of creation, construction, reading, impact of a literary work.

10

COMPARATIVISTIC APPROACH TO 'THE MYTH OF PUNISHMENT'

80%

Inanir E.

Asian and African Studies

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2011

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vol. 20

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issue 1

86-94

EN

The aim of the paper is to investigate the myth of punishment in a socio-cultural context, which could be defined as a universal rather than as concrete and national. It also examines the topos of its manifestations in the literary life of two neighbouring peoples: the Bulgarians and Turks. Because of this the selected texts are presented mainly through characteristics, proved to be points of intersection for the general background of the mythopoetics and peculiarities of each national model. Separate folklore and literary works are scrutinized from an inter-textual perspective. The paper focuses also on some definitions, which in author´s opinion are of great importance for the genealogy of punishment and its variety - 'kasas' (vindictiveness).

11

„…te góry, co się chmurami wieńczą…”. Alpejskim szlakiem Łucji z książąt Giedroyciów Rautenstrauchowej

80%

Mesjasz M.

Góry, Literatura, Kultura

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2010

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vol. 5

89-99

EN

The article describes an 1844 romantic trip through the Alps by the Polish writer Łucja Rautenstrauch from the princely family of Giedroyć (1798–1886), an account of which was later included in the memoirs In the Alps and beyond the Alps (1847). The author has established the route followed by the traveller: from Grenoble through the Chartreuse Mountains to La Grande Chartreuse, and from there to Geneva, Coppet and Ferney, then back to Montmélian from the Simplon Pass and through the Great St Bernard Pass, Maurienne Valley and Mont Cenis Pass to Turin. He demonstrates that Łucja Rautenstrauch often followed routes marked by famous events and distinguished people, choosing sites associated with such figures as Napoleon I, Voltaire, de Staël and Rousseau or with well-known literary works (The New Heloise, The Prisoner of Chillon). In her memoirs Rautenstrauch described the conditions and ways of travelling, local inhabitants (highlanders but also midgets, people affected by cretinism, a congenital disease) as well as Alpine nature. She paid particular attention to views of streams and rivers, precipices, ruins, sunsets, valleys, mountain passes and Mont Blanc, stressing, first of all, the wildness and danger of the mountains. In the Alps and beyond the Alps is thus an expression of the Romantic vogue for travelling, presenting an original image of the Alps in Polish literature – an image presented from the point of view of a woman.

12

UHORSKÉ KONTEXTY OBRAZU ZEMIANSTVA V TVORBE JÁNA KALINČIAKA

80%

Fülöpová M.

Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)

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2022

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vol. 69

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issue 4

372 - 387

EN

The article tackles the portrayals of the gentry in the writing of Ján Kalinčiak (1822 – 1871) in the Hungarian cultural context. Literature written in Hungary had multiple ties with the gentry: the literary works frequently tackled the topic and many authors – and their readers – belonged to this social class. The article identifies the humorous Hungarian encyclopaedia Hungaria in parabolis (1804) authored by the Hungarian scholar Antal Szirmay (1747 – 1812) as the reference frame for the period portrayals of the gentry. The encyclopaedia synthesised auto-stereotypes of the Hungarian gentry. A comparison of Kalinčiak’s characteristics of Hungarian lower nobility with the one developed by Szirmay shows that the former’s portrayal of this social class as outlined through such issues as the image of the homeland, history, clothing, and customs was in coherence with the general image of the gentry in Hungary at that time. Kalinčiak also tackled the typical attributes of gentry’s speech (anecdotal expressions, humorous undertone, discussing legal disputes, the use of idioms). Kalinčiak’s novel Reštavrácia ([County elections], 1860) deals with the topic of county elections.

13

Mierzalny wynik gry (w kontekście analizy książek-gier)

80%

Mochocka A.

Homo Ludens

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2010

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issue 1(2)

107-120

EN

The main concerns of this article are 1. quantifiable outcomes as a game-specific factor; 2. the possible application of the theory of quantifiable outcome to the study of the book/game genre; 3. English-Polish translation of terms. The question is, could so-called books/games (generic books designed to be games) have quantifiable outcomes? It seems that some of the game design patterns describing game goals can be applied to games/books, and although the outcome of an interaction with a book/game fails to meet all the suggested criteria, it is still satisfactory enough to be ranked as typical of a borderline category.

14

OBJECTIFYING AND ALLEGORIZING METAPHORS IN LASZLO CHOLNOKY'S SHORT NOVELS

80%

Kemeny G.

Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)

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2006

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vol. 130

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issue 4

422-438

EN

Laszlo Cholnoky (1879-1929) was a talented prosaist belonging to the first generation of the journal Nyugat [The West]. His oeuvre fell into oblivion for some time, but recently it has started commanding renewed interest. This paper is a first attempt in the literature at introducing and characterizing Cholnoky's style. One of the main traits of Cholnoky's style is concretization of abstract mental processes or contents of consciousness. When the imagery of these concretizing metaphors involves an inanimate thing, property or event, we can speak of objectification; if it involves an animate (human) being, property or action, we have to do with personification or, in more elaborate cases, with allegorization. The author analyzes examples taken from Cholnoky's three best-written short novels, 'St. Bartholomew's night' (1916), 'Prikk's way to heaven' (1917), and 'Thomas' (1918). In conclusion, the paper deals with the novelist's position within the history of Hungarian styles. Cholnoky's style is a clear example of the developmental trend from Art Noveau via symbolism to surrealism. The author also raises the possibility of a parallel between Laszlo Cholnoky's and Attila Jozsef's world and style.

15

Lektury szkolne w ratingu PEGI

80%

Mochocki M.

Homo Ludens

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2010

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issue 1(2)

121-136

EN

The paper discloses the double standards in age ratings applied to literature and video games in Poland. The equivalent of age rating for literature can be found in school obligatory reading lists: e.g., books recommended for 13-15-year-olds must have been rated [13+]. Curricular criteria can, then, be compared to video games ratings thanks to the PEGI Questionnaire: 25 out of its 50 questions focus entirely on thematic content, which makes them applicable to any medium - including literature. Applied to selected books prescribed for Polish schoolchildren aged 10-13 (primary school, three final years) and 13-16 (junior high school), PEGI generally confirms school ratings of Sex, Drugs and Bad Language, but repeatedly produces ratings [16+] and [18+] in the Violence and Discrimination categories.

16

TRANSCULTURALITY IN LITERATURE: A PHENOMENON AS OLD AS IT IS CURRENT

80%

Welsch W.

World Literature Studies

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2022

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vol. 14

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issue 3

5 - 11

EN

Transculturality is a currently prominent phenomenon, but not a completely new one. Cultures have long since been transcultural, it is only the extent of transculturality which has increased recently. Whether Greek culture’s connections with Egypt, Babylonia and Phoenicia or Japanese culture’s connections with China, Korea, and India, all cultures are hybrid. Likewise, literature has been transcultural for a long time, as can be seen in the works of Montaigne, Goethe, Zuckmayer, and contemporary postcolonial authors. Literary studies should put emphasis on the present transculturality, which provides the frame of all our cultural activities today. Addressing transculturality will help to recognize its chances and to cope with its problems.

17

Między interaktywnością a intermedialnością. Książka jako przestrzeń gry

80%

Mochocka A.

Homo Ludens

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2009

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issue 1

155-176

EN

Decoding and creating meanings, book readers always participate in a game. A book can be, however, a game space or a play space in the literal sense. It can be an accessory and a board, often combining the written text with two- or three-dimensional graphic representations. The article focuses on the book publications which are games in their own right (in accordance with Salen and Zimmermen's definition). After a brief discussion of the development and background of such publications, as well as the presentation of their crucial features, the intermediality vs interactivity continuum is being established. The continuum acts as the visual representation of actual and assumed features of the analysed examples, with the conclusion that the assumed position is invariably higher than the actual one.

18

IMAGINATION IN THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF LITERATURE

80%

Kosowska E.

Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki

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2008

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vol. 6

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issue 4(21)

131-144

EN

The idea of imagination as an indispensable condition assumed by a humanist corresponds to the idea of narrative competence as one of the conditions for the anthropological ordering of reality. The epistemological model rooted in philology, philosophy, history and cultural anthropology is constituted by the procedures of perceiving and imagining things that cannot be directly observed but also by the procedures of producing a relatively coherent image of the world. It is meaningful that Andrzej Mencwel, the author of the idea of anthropological imagination, refers to the same long-existent indicators that form the literary image of the world. Although the two areas of cognitive activity have different aims and functions, they seem to be linked by a set of projects called the anthropology of literature. If we regard the anthropology of literature as a collection of individual projects that open the possibility for the emergence of a distinct branch of knowledge in the future, we need to assume that both function and understanding of the 'anthropological imagination' can vary with respect to every single project.

19

Anthropology and literature

80%

Markowski M. P.

Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)

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2007

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issue 6(108)

24-33

EN

This article attempts at replying to the question of how anthropology relates to literature. Elaborating on Wolfgang Iser's suggestions, the author states that literature has a single basic function to perform, and that is, to interpret the outside world by creating structures weakening its strangeness. What anthropology strives for, in turn, is to grasp the essence of human being through analysing its products or creatures. The shared area for both types of discourse is their being submerged in existence - understood as a linguistic element of self-understanding, an intermediate sphere between the naked life and conceptual knowledge.

20

KRÁTKY PREHĽAD KOGNITÍVNE ORIENTOVANEJ LITERÁRNEJ VEDY

80%

Kuzmíková J.

World Literature Studies

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2011

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vol. 3 (20)

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issue 3

15 – 27

EN

The study contains a survey of cognitive literary studies, research programmes, disciplines and issues. The general goal of cognitive literary studies is to grasp and reveal common principles and processes of the literary text. Imagination and thinking, that means to give a cognitive explanation as to the operation, constituents, means and purposes of the literary process. The cognitive literary studies reassess the aims of traditional literary theory, its orientation to construct correct meaning, principles of the text and to determinate the value of artwork. If we add the authorial and perceptive procedural competences (memory, attention, emotions, etc.) to the system of literary notions, we will acquire better methodological instruments for the analysis of the literary expression and the shifts in perceiving thereof, the examination of literary understanding and its types, resolution of literary agents (author, character, reader), the analysis of reasons for popularity of literary works and value/negative value attributed thereto. It is expected that owing to that we can understand the main problem of literary theory not resolved yet – what literariness means.

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