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Oskar Lange

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Łukawer E.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

2005

vol. 203

issue 10

77-95

The beginnings of the research career of Oskar Lange were linked with his critical analysis of capitalism. In 1934, aided by Marek Breit, Lange set out to define the mechanism undergoing the functioning of the socialist economy. Two years later, referring to the neo-liberal concepts prevalent at the time and critical of socialism, he presented a decentralized socialist economy model that earned him international acclaim. Lange spent the war years in the United States where he wrote his internationally recognized work on employment and price flexibility. He lectured at several leading U.S. universities and began to perform various social and political functions on behalf of Poland. Another noteworthy period of his career coincided with the beginnings of economic reform in Poland in 1956 and the establishment of an Economic Council under his leadership. Another special moment was the publication of his work on political economics. It raised a lot of polemics and controversy, chiefly because Lange called for the need to include the principle of rational management in Marxist economics. Actually, 20 years later-after Lange’s death-these problems provoked heated disputes. In reference to economic reform, Lange was preoccupied with an analysis of ownership forms and the functioning of various types of enterprises as well as the principles of central planning. Lange’s last article, The Computer and the Market, raised eyebrows among economists in 1965. In this essay, Lange largely revised his previous assessment of the allocation capabilities of the market. Lange was undoubtedly an outstanding scholar who was recognized around the world and contributed to the international reputation of Polish science.

Państwo a rynek. Główny dylemat transformacji systemowej

100%

Łukawer E.

Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie

1999

issue 1

75-79

Jednym z zagadnień dyskusyjnych, które spowodowały podział środowiska ekonomistów na zwalczające się naukowo grupy, jest spór o miejsce i pozycję państwa i rynku w funkcjonowaniu gospodarki narodowej. Niektóre poglądy autor naświetlił w artykule.

Among many problems which have emerged during the process of transformation which takes place in our economy, the most important is the dispute about the place and the position of the state and the market, about their "inborn" properties, and about their advantages and disadvantages among others. Assessment made by economists on this issue is totally different. When you take into consideration the authors who stress the value of market economy and its characteristic mechanisms, first of all you should mention the following names: W. Wilczyński, L. Balcerowicz and J. Winiecki. On the other hand, Z. Mikołajewicz, A. Łukaszewicz, the same as P. Bożyk, K. Łaski and J. Pajestka represent a critic standpoint in this field. A similar division is applied when you take into consideration the importance of economic role of the state. Those who would like to lessen its value include: A. Leopold, F. Tomczak, Z. Hockuba, J. Beksiak, C. Józefiak, J. Dąbrowski and J. Winiecki. Less extreme ones, since they clearly see a particular necessity of economic activity of the state includes J. Eysymontt. Whereas S. Kurowski rejects the saying: "The minimum state", and suggests "The sufficient state" as the guideline. And finally - the authors who advertise expansion of the state role in the conditions (what is essential) of system transformation include the following names: M. Klamut, M. Perczyński, H. Sopniewska, B. Winiarski, T. Kowalik, Z. Sadowski, J. Pajestka, A. Łukaszewicz, J. Wierzbołowski, G. Kołodko, J. Kaleta, and W. Sztyber. Thus, the question arises – which is thought over by K. Porwit – what basic requirements should be fulfilled, to bring the opponents together.

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1 Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

1 Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie

2 Łukawer E.

1 2005

1 1999

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Oskar Lange

Państwo a rynek. Główny dylemat transformacji systemowej