Search results - CEJSH

1

"Tlusté“ tělo v normalizačním Československu: povinná zdatnost a gender v kampani proti obezitě

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Appeltová M.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

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2016

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vol. 17

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issue 1

15-28

EN

This article analyses anti-obesity discourse in post-war Czechoslovakia, particularly in the country’s late socialist period. The article conceives of the discourse on obesity as a tool of biopolitical, rather than totalitarian, power, examining the ways expert knowledge, power, and morality worked together to produce a socialist subject. On the first level, it analyses the expert anti-obesity discourse as an example of the expertisation of public discourse in socialist Czechoslovakia. Second, it shows the construction of obesity in contrast to bodily ability, and the stigmatisation of the ‘fat’ body. On the last level, the article focuses on the gendered aspects of the discourse and demonstrates the ways in which the anti-obesity campaign supported the heteronormative framework of late socialism. By examining expert and media discourses, the article argues that the campaign against obesity served as a means to construct a proper socialist body and induce a moral panic about the state of socialism.

2

Ocena stanu zdrowia dzieci wrocławskich w wieku 6,5–9,5 lat. Część 1

63%

Noczyńska A., Zubkiewicz-Kucharska A., Mysłek-Prucnal M., Bosak-Prus M.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2014

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issue 1

25-28

PL

Wstęp. W ostatnich latach coraz częściej obserwuje się u dzieci nieprawidłową masę ciała i/lub wzrostu oraz wady postawy. Cel pracy. Sprawdzenie sytuacji zdrowotnej dzieci uczęszczających do trzech pierwszych klas szkół podstawowych we Wrocławiu. Materiał i metody. Badaniem objęto 1984 dzieci (97,92%) – 934 chłopców (47%) i 1050 dziewczynek (53%) w wieku 6,5–9,5 lat z 26 wybranych losowo publicznych szkół we Wrocławiu. Każde dziecko było badane, ważone i mierzone według obowiązujących standardów. Wyniki. Otyłość stwierdzono u 91 (4,6%), nadwagę – u 180 (9,01%), niedobór masy ciała – u 103 (5,1%), niedobór wzrostu – u 99 (5%) dzieci. Wnioski. W badanej grupie dzieci stwierdzono niepokojąco wysoki odsetek dzieci z nieprawidłową masą ciała. Wskazuje to na potrzebę edukacji prozdrowotnej wśród rodziców oraz dzieci najmłodszych klas. Istnieje pilna potrzeba poprawy opieki pediatrycznej w celu wcześniejszej diagnostyki i skutecznego leczenia chorób cywilizacyjnych

XX

Background. Increase in prevalence of body mass and height shortage or obesity has recently been observed. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the health situation of Wroclaw’s children during the first three years of school education. Material and methods. The study included 1984 children (97.92%), 934 boys (47%) and 1050 girls (53%), aged 6.5–9.5 years,who were attending 26 randomly selected public schools in Wrocław. Anamnesis, complete physical examination and anthropometrical examination was done to every child who took part in the project. Results. Physical examination revealed obesity in 91 (4.6%), overweight in 180 (9.01%), body mass deficit in 103 (5.1%), short stature in 99 (5.0%) children. Conclusions. High prevalence of improper body mass was found in the studied group. Effective education of healthy lifestyle should help to reduce body mass deficiency as well as obesity prevalence. Urgent improvement in pediatric care for early diagnosis and treatment of civilization diseases is needed.

3

Historia otyłości jako zagadnienia medycznego

51%

Samborski P., Kucharski M.

Acta Medicorum Polonorum

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2016

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vol. 6

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issue 1

29-34

PL

Praca ta ma na celu przybliżyć historię badań i leczenia otyłości. Ten problem zdrowotny zajmuje istotne miejsce w historii medycyny już od czasów Hipokratesa. Mimo ogromnego postępu medycyny, zasadnicze leczenie otyłości do dziś opiera się na diecie i aktywności fizycznej. Niestety te proste zasady, w zderzeniu z zasadniczymi zmianami stylu życia, jakie zaszły w populacji ludzkiej w XX wieku, zdają się być coraz mniej przestrzegane. Efektem tego jest obserwowana współcześnie epidemia otyłości, w walce z którą zdajemy się wciąż przegrywać.

EN

The aim of the study was a presentation of history of research studies and treatment of obesity. This health problem take an important place in history of medicine since the times of Hippocrates. Despite great progress of medicine, the basic rules of obesity treatment rest on the diet and physical activity. Unfortunately these two simple rules, in collision with fundamental changes in lifestyle, which took place in human population in XX century, seem to be less complied with overtime. The effect of it seems to be the recently observed epidemic of obesity. The fight with this epidemic we are still loosing.

4

Naturally Occurring Interactions and Guidance Codifications in Healthcare Communication Analysis: the Case of Praising Obese Patients

51%

Webb H.

International Review of Social Research

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2013

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vol. 3

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issue 2

29-50

EN

Studies of face-to-face communication illuminate the ways in which the conduct and outcome of healthcare encounters is contingent on the interactions that occur within them. Work in this field benefits from the increasing availability and acceptance of recording technologies for data collection, enabling the production of richly detailed investigations of real-time healthcare communication. At the same time the growing interest within healthcare professions in inter-personal communication has lead to codification of interactional practices in guidance and training documents. This article argues that the intersection of these two developments presents a significant opportunity for fruitful research: analyses of naturally occurring communication in consultations can take the interactional practices prescribed in guidance and training documents as a topic or starting point for investigation. The subsequent results enhance empirical and conceptual knowledge whilst also offering a commentary on the guidance prescriptions. To demonstrate this, the article reports on a conversation analytic investigation of compliments in specialist obesity consultations prompted by guidance recommending the praise of these patients ‘every opportunity’. The findings reveal that the actions of praise-giving and response are interactionally complex in this kind of setting and closely associated with certain institutional and normative dynamics, thereby the guidance is less straightforwardly positive than it at first appears. By advancing analytic understanding and offering practical implications this kind of approach makes a substantial contribution to the interpersonal level of healthcare communication analysis.

5

An evaluation of the prevalence of autoimmunological diseases in patients with diabetes and obesity hospitalized in the Department of Diabetology, Rural Medicine Institute in Lublin

51%

Szcześniak G., Zdybel W., Kozak-Nurczyk P., Dziemidok P.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2016

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issue 3

345-347

6

Psychologiczna charakterystyka kobiet z nadwagą i otyłością

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Chanduszko-Salska J., Ogińska-Bulik N.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2000

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vol. 04

7

Kwestionariusz Moje Zwyczaje Żywieniowe – konstrukcja i własności psychometryczne

51%

Ogińska-Bulik N., Putyński L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2000

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vol. 04

8

The relationship between mindful eating, body mass index and physical activity in nursing students – a cross-sectional study

51%

Topan A., Ayyıldız T. K., Seval M., Kurt A., Top F. Ü.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2021

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issue 3

233-240

EN

Introduction. One of the reasons of obesity in university students might be mindful eating. Aim. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between mindful eating, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity in nursing students. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 718 nursing students in a university in Turkey. “Personal Information Form” and “Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ)” were used as data collection tools. Results. Statistically significant differences were found between some mean subscale and total scores of MEQ based on sex of the students, their state of exercising regularly, number of their meals, their state of having snacks, the type of bread they often consumed and the frequency of eating fast foods (p<0.05). A significant relationship was found between age and BMI of the students and their mean subscale and total scores of MEQ (p<0.05). Conclusion. The older the nursing students grew, the higher their level of mindful eating became. Sociodemographic characteristics such as sex and presence of a person with obesity within the family affected subscales of their mindful eating. Mindful eating decreased as body mass index increased; and besides, mindful eating increased as physical activity increased.

9

Assessment of the BMI, WHR and W/Ht in pre- and postmenopausal women

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Skrzypczak M., Szwed A., Pawlińska-Chmara R., Skrzypulec V.

Anthropological Review

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2007

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vol. 70

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issue 1

3-13

EN

The main goal of this study was to determine whether and how values of the BMI, WHR and W/Ht indicators change in pre- and postmenopausal women. The tested group consisted of 10,216 women aged 25-95 years. Data were collected during the national campaign "Fighting Obesity", organized by Hand-Prod Company between 2000-2002 across Poland, when adult women voluntarily filled in a questionnaire and participated in anthropometric measurements. The BMI, WHR and W/Ht values were calculated based on these measurements. The values of the BMI, WHR and W/Ht change with age. However, in each age group postmenopausal women have higher BMI, WHR and W/Ht than premenopausal women. Thus, the results obtained indicate that hormonal changes occurring in the climacterium period cause an increase in the analyzed index values. The BMI used herein is characterized by high accuracy in indicating obesity. Moreover, the WHR and W/Ht are also used as adiposity indicators, which may be useful in assessment of the risk of disease or death caused by hypertension, cardiac diseases, diabetes, or even cancers. However, they should not be used only in relation to obese women, because even a slight increase in visceral obesity, with body mass within normal limits, may contribute to unfavorable changes in the woman's metabolic profile, which in turn, may present a risk of illness.

PL

Głównym celem niniejszej pracy było określenie czy i w jaki sposób zmieniają się wartości wskaźników BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht u kobiet przed menopauzą i po menopauzie. Badaną grupę stanowiło 10.216 kobiet w wieku 25-95 lat. Dane zebrano podczas ogólnopolskiej akcji "Walczymy z Otyłością", organizowanej przez Firmę Hand-Prod w latach 2000-2002 na terenie całej Polski, podczas której zgłaszające się dorosłe kobiety dobrowolnie wypełniały ankietę, i którym wykonano pomiary wysokości, masy ciała, obwodu pasa oraz bioder. Na podstawie wykonanych pomiarów określono wskaźnik BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht.Niedowagę stwierdzono u 1,0% kobiet. Częstość występowania nadwagi w badanej grupie wynosiła 38,4%, natomiast otyłości 27,9% (ryc. 1 i 2). Prawidłowe wartości (poniżej predysponujących do wystąpienia chorób powiązanych z otyłością) dla WHR stwierdzono u 32% kobiet, zaś dla W/Ht u 22%. Stwierdzono pozytywne korelacje pomiędzy analizowanymi parametrami (BMI-WHR R=0,29, p<0,05; BMI-W/Ht R=0,79, p<0,05; WHR-W/Ht R=0,64, p<0,05). Zaobserwowano, że nawet wśród kobiet o prawidłowej masie ciała niemal połowa charakteryzowała się WHR≥0,8 oraz W/Ht≥05, zaś wśród kobiet z nadwagą oraz otyłych częstości te istotnie rosły (tab. 1).Do obliczenia wieku menopauzy wykorzystano metodę "status quo", która umożliwia wyeliminowanie błędu, jakim obarczone jest badanie retrospektywne. Wykorzystując analizę probitową, określono procent kobiet w każdej grupie wiekowej, które przestały miesiączkować, co najmniej 12 miesięcy przed poddaniem się badaniu. średnia probitowa wieku postmenopauzalnego dla kobiet po menopauzie naturalnej wynosi 51,74 lata (chi2= 6513,59, df =1, p<0,00).Chcąc zbadać, czy i w jaki sposób wraz z menopauzą zmieniają się u kobiet wartości parametrów morfologicznych określonych na podstawie wskaźników: BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht, w pierwszej kolejności przeanalizowano zmiany tych parametrów z wiekiem. W tym celu zastosowano analizę regresji, która wykazała, że wartości wszystkich wskaźników istotnie rosną z wiekiem (tab. 2 i 3). Następnie w celu zaobserwowania zmian wskaźnika BMI w grupach kobiet przed menopauzą i po menopauzie, przeprowadzono analizę wariancji. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, iż zmiany wartości wskaźnika BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht, w grupach kobiet przed menopauzą i po menopauzie, istotnie się różnią (tab. 4). Kobiety, które nadal miesiączkują mają wskaźniki BMI (wartość testu F=648,62 df=1, p<0,001), WHR (F=164.64 df=1, p<0.001) oraz W/Ht (F=18.24, df=1, p<0.01) niższe niż kobiety, znajdujące się w okresie pomenopauzalnym. Wartości współczynników zmienności wskazują na znaczną zmienność tej cechy, zarówno w grupie kobiet przed menopauzą, jak i po menopauzie. Jednakże w każdej grupie wiekowej kobiety po menopauzie mają wskaźniki BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht wyższe niż kobiety przed menopauzą (ryc. 3-5).Zmiany hormonalne zachodzące w okresie klimakterium powodują wzrost wartości wskaźników BMI, WHR oraz W/Ht. Niezależnie od wieku kalendarzowego menopauza przyczynia się do zmian w rozkładzie tkanki tłuszczowej u kobiet. Wykorzystany w niniejszej pracy wskaźnik BMI charakteryzuje się wysoką dokładnością w predykowaniu otyłości. Wskaźniki WHR oraz W/Ht, jako indykatory otłuszczenia, mogą być użyteczne do oceny ryzyka zachorowania lub śmierci z powodu nadciśnienia, chorób serca, cukrzycy a nawet nowotworów. Wskaźniki te powinny być wykorzystywane nie tylko w odniesieniu do kobiet otyłych, ponieważ nawet niewielki wzrost otyłości wisceralnej, przy masie ciała pozostającej w normie, może przyczyniać się do niesprzyjających zmian profilu metabolicznego kobiety, a tym samym stanowić ryzyko wystąpienia chorób.

10

Real world data supporting identification of the pharmacist’s role in obesity and overweight treatment in Poland – a preliminary report

51%

Mariola Drozd M., Lucyna Bułaś L., Monika Szkultecka-Dębek M., Agnieszka Skowron A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2017

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issue 3

192-199

EN

Introduction. Obesity is a significant health and economic problem, both for the patient and the health care system. An essential element in the prevention and treatment of each disease is the engagement of all groups of healthcare professionals. In our study, we performed an analysis of the real world data, obtained from a survey of the medical and socioeconomic problems associated with overweight and obesity. We aimed to identify the pharmacist’s role in the management of overweight and obese patients, including their individualized education in an outpatient setting. Material and methods. The study material consisted of responses obtained from a specially designed questionnaire. Our findings indicate that the study patients had easy access to a pharmacist’s professional knowledge, relevant to comprehensive treatment of obesity. In addition, our data indicates a lack of patient knowledge of a healthy lifestyle and an inability to implement such knowledge in practice. Results. The community pharmacist should actively provide support to patients with obesity (including the primary obesity and those who want to lose excessive body mass for health-related and also for aesthetic reasons) and the management of their weight. The results of our study should be considered as an introduction to further research to facilitate the understanding of problems and expectations of patients and to prepare pharmacists to perform pharmaceutical care (PC) in this regard. Conclusion. One of the potential options to protect society against the obesity epidemic is an education about the risks inherent to obesity and promotion of a healthy lifestyle.

11

Prevalence of atopy and asthma in overweight children and adolescents – a cross-sectional study

51%

Wytrychowski K., Gałka A., Hans-Wytrychowska A.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2017

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issue 3

283-288

12

Dynamics of changes in the level of IgA in patients with bronchial asthma against the background of excessive body weight or obesity

51%

Daria Lahoda D., Valentyna Velychko V.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2019

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issue 3

203-208

EN

Introduction. Among patients with asthma, a lot of attention is being given to, at the present time, to such comorbidity as excessive body mass (EBM) or obesity. Aim. To evaluate the level of IgA in patients with bronchial asthma against the background of excessive body weight or obesity and to evaluate the effects of drug on the bacterial lysate and inosine pranobex. Material and methods. According to the design, the study was conducted in two stages: the first stage – examination of 105 patients with asthma. 105 patients with a basic diagnosis of asthma were examined whose average age was 41.19 ± 1.05 years, 75 patients were found to have EBM or obesity (BMI 31.67 ± 0.53) who were included in the main group and 30 patients with NBMI (BMI 22.13 ± 0.32), which were the comparison group. Results. The patients in the main group with a severe course had significantly lower serum IgA values than the patients in the comparison group (p<0.05), but the statistically significant difference between this index in the patients with a severe course in the main group and the control group was not revealed. The patients in the main group had a significant increase in the level of secret IgA against the background of the use of treatment-and-prophylactic complex (TPC) with the inclusion of a preparation of bacterial lysate in combination with inosine pranobex against the background of training in asthma school, receiving the basic treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion. Patients with asthma who have large BMI have a more severe course of bronchial asthma. A Correlation relationship was established in the group of patients with bronchial asthma and with excessive body weight or obesity between the level of sIgA and the severity of the asthma course; there is a direct strong correlation. Patients in the main group had a significant increase in the level of sIgA against the background of the use of TPC with the addition of a basic treatment by the preparation of bacterial lysate together with inosine pranobex.

13

Budowanie właściwych wzorców żywieniowych u otyłego dziecka. Studium przypadku

51%

Słoma M., Szeja N., Adamek B., Krenzel I.

Ekonomia. Wrocław Economic Review

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2017

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vol. 23

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issue 4

195 - 206

EN

One of the most common health and economic problems in developed countries is the issue of overweight. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of individual dietary intervention on weight reduction and build proper nutritional patterns in obese children. A boy at age 11 was referred by a pediatrician to a Metabolic Disorders and Obesity Disorders Clinic. At the time of the first visit, the body weight of the patient was 68.7 kg with a height of 1.54 m (value above 97 centile of the OLAF program, obesity). Analysis of the food diary from the seven days before the visit, developed jointly by the patient and his mother, revealed excessive energy supply relative to daily requirements and an incorrect composition of the daily ration. For a half-year period, a balanced diet with a daily caloric deficit of 300 kcal was introduced. During regular follow-up visits, the nutritional education of the child and parents was further enhanced, and the importance of daily physical activity in the treatment and prevention of obesity. After six months of dieting, weight reduction was achieved. Proper dietary patterns have been implemented to the patient and his immediate family. Comprehensive education has resulted in the implementation of daily physical activity. This cannot only be an emergency intervention but also a basis for the prevention of obesity and its complications.

14

Association of fat patterning, type 2 diabetes mellitus and MTHFR gene polymorphism: a study among the two ethnic groups of Tripura, North-East India

51%

Priyama Bhattacharya P., Diptendu Chatterjee D., Pranabesh Sarkar P., Kusum Ghosh K., Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay A. R.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2019

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issue 3

209 - 213

EN

Introduction. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a group of metabolic disorders resulting from insufficient action of insulin. The etiology of T2DM is multi-factorial that includes genetic factors, obesity and lifestyles. Recent reviews of overall and stratified meta-analyses demonstrated the association between MTHFR polymorphism (C677T) including fat distribution and risk of T2DM. Publications of Indian context regarding fat patterning and MTFHR genetic polymorphism of the North East Indian population are insufficient and scant among the ethnic population of Tripura. Aim. In this backdrop, the present study is the first attempt to understand the relationship of fat patterning, MTHFR gene polymorphism and T2DM among two Tibeto-Burman speaker endogamous ethnic populations (Chakmas-the migrant group and Tripuris – the aboriginal group) of Tripura, North East India. Material and methods. The present study consists of age matched 280 males (Chakmas 147 and the Tripuris 133) from Tripura. Anthropometric and metabolic (Fasting Blood Glucose) variables and to discern obesity, blood glucose level and genotyping of MTHFR was performed following standard techniques. Results. The result revealed significant (p<0.05) association of obesity, TT genotypes and fasting blood glucose among the Chakmas with in comparison to the Tripuris. Conclusion. In this first attempt from North East India on the aspects of association of fat Patterning, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and MTHFR gene polymorphism suggests that the Chakmas are more diabetic, and this might be due to the concomitant effects of T alleles and higher central obesity and Percent Body Fat (PBF). More population screening from other under-represented indigenous populations of North East India is needed for prevention of metabolic disorders.

15

Risk factors and the incidence of overweight and obesity in pre-school children from the southern part of Poland

51%

Katarzyna Dereń K., Sara Jarmakiewicz S., Aneta Sokal A., Edyta Łuszczki E., Elżbieta Motyka E., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Regina Kowal R., Artur Mazur A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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issue 2

97-102

EN

Introduction. In recent years there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in humans. It turns out that the problem is not limited to adults; excessive body weight is occurring in children more often. Aim. The main purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children from the Rzeszów district, and to determine risk factors for occurrence. Materials and survey method. The study was conducted among 200 preschool children (3 - 6 years of age) from the Rzeszów poviat area. Measurements of height, weight, and determination of BMI were performed and these values are standardized according to the WHO centile grids appropriate for each age group. Survey results. Normal weight was observed in 58% of the respondents, 11% were overweight, and 10.5% were obese, whereas 20.5% of children had undernourishment. Obese children were the largest group among 6-year-olds. Among 4 year old children, abnormal body weight were more frequent in boys. On the other hand, in children aged 5 years, undernourishment or overweight was found more frequently in girls. Conclusions. The study did not confirm a significant relationship between gender, place of residence and socio-economic situation of respondents, and the prevalence of overweight or obesity. The results of this study indicate that the problem of excessive body weight refers to the increasing number of children.

16

The World Health Organisation's Rationale for Physical Activity: a Philosophical Critique

51%

Bloodworth A., McNamee M.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2009

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vol. 46

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issue 1

58-69

EN

The World Health Organisation's rationale for physical activity draws heavily on scientific evidence regarding disease and obesity. Greater philosophical reflection on such concepts, along with a recognition that supposed scientific facts are rarely value-free, allow for a more positive and considered argument for physical activity and its benefits. Olympism, Olympic culture, sports education, pedagogy of sport

17

In which group of children and adolescents should a family doctor look for metabolic syndrome?

51%

Banaś I., Lewek P., Kardas P.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2016

|

issue 3

217-220

18

The impact of sex and BMI on the clinical course of COPD and bronchial asthma

51%

Wytrychowski K., Hans-Wytrychowska A.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2016

|

issue 3

368-372

19

Anthropometric indicators of obesity in policemen: A systematic review of observational studies

51%

Da Silva F. C., Hernandez S. S., Gonçalves E., Arancibia B. A., Da Silva Castro T. L., Da Silva R.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2014

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vol. 27

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issue 6

891-901

EN

The aim of this paper was to summarize scientific literature on obesity in policemen through a systematic review of observational studies. For this purpose the following electronic databases were selected: Medline by Pubmed, CINAHL, and Scopus; and a manual search of the referenced studies concerning this topic was performed. There were no restrictions with respect to the year or language of the publication. Twenty-three studies were identified and 9 articles, considered as potentially relevant, were included. The labor time, shift and career progression promoted changes in body composition. Most of the policemen taking part in the studies included in this paper were overweight (BMI: 25.2–29.3), obese (body fat ≥ 25%), had increased waist (90.4–102 cm) and abdominal perimeters (18.9–90.5 cm), and had a higher risk of chronic disease, which is associated with depression and stress development. Interventional studies are needed for the purpose of proposing preventive and rehabilitation programs, which would result in providing physical and mental well-being, improvement of life quality and, especially, prevention of obesity related to police work.

20

Relationship of electronic device usage with obesity and speech delay in children

51%

Borajy S., Albkhari D., Turkistani H., Altuwairiqi R., Aboalshamat K., Altaib T., Almehman W.

Family Medicine & Primary Care Review

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2019

|

issue 2

93-97

EN

Background. Smart device usage has become favorable among children worldwide. Objectives. The study aimed to identify the relation between usage of electronic devices with obesity and speech delay. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 452 healthy children (18 months to 14 years old) from pediatric clinics of the Ministry of Health (MOH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected from June to July 2018. Analysis included linear regression, logistic regression, chi-square, t-test and ANOVA. Results and discussion. Male participants totalled 57.7% and females 42.3% (mean age 82.27 months) (SD = 40.18). Mean duration of usage: 3.1 hours (SD = 2.58) per day. Among toddlers only, 31.1% had speech delay. The results showed no relation between the duration of smart device usage and obesity (p-value = 0.904) or speech delay (p-value = 0.538). Duration of usage was not influenced by gender or parents’ marital status; however, children who live with both parents spent less time on smart devices than others. The smart device most used was a tablet (47%), and the main usage was primarily entertainment (60.8%) and games (47.6%). Only 57.8% reported having parental supervision. Among children, 59.3% eat chips and 48.9% eat candy as snacks during usage. Among parents, 71.5% believe devices reduce children’s physical activities, 64.8% believe that the smart device is a problem, 62.5% of parents should control time of use, and 60.5% believe that their children are attached to the devices. Conclusions. There is no association between the duration of using smart devices and obesity, nor speech delay. Future directions and recommendations should be discussed.

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