In this article the author presented the activities of the founded in 1908 Society of Polish Culture’s Łódź Department for organizing public scientific library in Łódź. Reading room opened in 1909 and library opened in 1910 functioned only for four years, as in 1913 Russian authorities closed down the Society of Polish Culture. Despite the short period of functioning, the library of the Society of Polish Culture played an important role in shaping the book culture in Łódź.
Dzisiaj agroturystyka stwarza możliwości zmiany sytuacji ekonomicznej i społecznej na wsi, odgrywa również ogromną rolę w kształtowaniu wizerunku regionu. Innowacyjność gospodarstw agroturystycznych dotyczy oferowanych produktów, procesu zarządzania gospodarstwem oraz marketingu. Podnoszenie konkurencyjności turystyki wiejskiej oraz rozwój lokalny jest uzależniony nie tylko od środków finansowych, ale również od pomysłowości wykorzystania walorów przyrodniczych obszaru i umiejętności współpracy podmiotów zaangażowanych w działalność na rzecz rozwoju lokalnego. W artykule przedstawiono, na przykładzie potencjału przyrodniczo-kulturowego gminy Stawiguda położonej w woj. warmińsko-mazurskim, koncepcję klastra turystycznego, ze wskazaniem podmiotów działających na rzecz rozwoju turystyki wiejskiej i ich zadań, jako przykład lokalnego projektu rozwojowego.
EN
Agrotourism offers a possibility for changing the economic and social situation in villages; it also plays a huge role in shaping the image of the region. The innovation of agrotourism farms refers to offered products, the process of managing a farm and marketing. Increasing the competitiveness of rural tourism and local development depends not only on financial outlays, but also on inventiveness in utilising the natural assets of the area and the cooperation skills of entities involved in activities aimed at local development. Using the example of the natural and cultural potential of the Stawiguda commune, located in the Warmia and Mazury region, the concept of a tourist cluster is to be presented, along with indication of entities whose activities are meant to develop rural tourism and their tasks as an example of a local development project.
Verfasser des Artikel stellt aktueller Stand lodzischen Bibliotheken vor und zeigt auch erwünschte Richtungen ihrer Entwicklung, Gemäss mit der Gliederung, welche, ist Im Gesetz über Bibliotheken vom 1968 Jahr hergebracht, Verfasser teil Bibliotheken in: wissenschaftliche, öffintliche, fachkundige und schulische. Innerhalb den wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken Verfasser macht weitere Verteilung in: Hochschulenbibliotheken, Bibliothek der Polnischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und Bibliotheken wissenschaftlich-forschender Instituten. Hochschulenbibliotheken in Łódź sind am grösste und reiche an wertvollen Sammlungen. Sie dienen übrigens sowohl zu den Hochschulen, sondern auch zu weiten Kreisen der gesellschaft. Demgegenüber Bibliotheken wissenschaftlich-forschender Instituten und Bibliothek der Polnischen Akademie der Wissenschaften sind verhältnismässig kleine, gerichte ausschliesslich auf den wissenschaftlich-forschenden Bedarfen ihrer Instituten decken. Städtische Öffentliche Bibliothek hat auch der Status wissenschaftlicher Bibliothek. Sie verwirklich eine Aufgabe der Kultur und Bildung Verbreitung in Łódź, ebenfalls führt die Aufsicht über das Netz öffentlicher Bibliotheken in der Stadt und in der Woiwodschaft, sowie über betriebliche und Krankenhausbibliotheken. Eine Aufgabe öffentlicher Bibliotheken ist gerade Lesersbedarfen weiter Kreisen der Gesellschaft decken. Fachkundige Bibliotheken dagegen decken Bedarfen den Unternehmen wegen einer Bereitung versiedenartiger Materialien und Auskünften. Die Zahl dieser Bibliotheken vermindern sich merklich in den letzten Jahren. Schulische Bibliotheken bestimmt sich gegenwärtig als "interdisziplinäre schulische Werkstätte". Sie Hilfe leisten in einer Realisierung des Lehrprogramm und mitarbeiten mit der Woiwodische Pädagogische Bibliothek in einer Weiterbildung der Lehrers. Diese verschiedene lodzische Bibliotheken planen in der Richtung einer Besserung der Lokal- und Personalverhältnissen handeln, sowie allmählich modernisieren den Bibliotheken wegen einer Einführung des Computers.
The aim of this dissertation was to present the trends and forms of development of information about books and literature for children in 19th and the beginning of 20th century on Polish territory. The author took into consideration different conditions: pedagogical, cultural and socio-political. Throughout the whole period magazines publishing book reviews and bibliographic specifications and also publishing houses and booksellers with their announcements and advertisements played a significant role in creation of the information about books for children. As the years went on and with the development of publishing market the system of information was extended by different sorts of folders, publishers’ and bookshops’ catalogues and printed librarian catalogues. On the turn of the centuries reference catalogues (of a hand-book character) became popular. Their aim was to shape the reading habit among children and youth.
The purpose of the study is to describe relations connecting the Gebethner & Wolff editing bookshop with Łódź at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The company established in 1857 in Warsaw opened in Łódź, in 1890, the warehouse of grand pianos, pianos and harmoniums, as well as a storehouse of notes. In further years, agencies selling periodicals “Kurier Codzienny” (1893) and “Tygodnik Ilustrowany” (1896) published by Gebethner & Wolff also commenced their activities. Both the shop and the agencies played a significant role in the integration of the music and the journalistic environment in Łódź. In 1898 a bookshop was opened; however, it was sold to Rychliński & Wegner company in 1901. The next Gebethner & Wolff bookshop, established in 1912, conducted its activity until the beginning of the World War II. It offered mainly literature from a native publishing house, as well as quality foreignlanguage publications. During World War I, the bookshop organised special exhibits, the purpose of which was to promote Polish educational books. The Gebethner & Wolff company has also undertaken activities that contributed to the popularisation of Łódź. It was the special number of “Tygodnik Ilustrowany” devoted to Łódź (1911 no. 19), as well as the information diary for 1914 called “Rocznik Łódźki Gebethnera & Wolffa” [Łódź Yearbook of the Gebethner & Wolff]. However, it was W. Reymont's “Ziemia Obiecana” [The Promised Land], which had the greatest impact on shaping the image of the city upon the Łódka river. The initiative of appearance and publishing of the book was the effect of activity of Gebethner & Wolff. The achievement of the above-mentioned, as well as other activities, became possible thanks to the participation of numerous persons connected with Łódź. They were, among others, booksellers: Robert Schwartzchultz, Juliusz Goźlinski, Stanislaw Miszewski, journalists: Wladyslaw Rowiński and Zenon Pietkiewicz, as well as the son of the company's co-owner, Gustaw Wojciech Gebethner.
The purpose of the study is to show relations connecting the Gebethner & Wolff editing bookshop with Łódź at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The company, established in 1857 in Warsaw opened in Łódź, in 1890, the warehouse of grand pianos, pianos and harmoniums, as well as a storehouse of music scores. In further years agencies selling periodicals - “Kurier Codzienny” (1893) and “Tygodnik Ilustrowany” (1896) published by Gebethner & Wolff also commenced their activities. Both, the shop and the agencies played signicfiant role in integration of music and journalistic environment in Łódź. In 1898 a bookshop was opened, however it was sold to Rychliński & Wegner company in 1901. The next Gebethner & Wolff bookshop, established in 1912, conducted its activity until the beginning of the 2nd World War. It offered mainly literature its own publishing house, as well as quality foreign-language publications. During the 1st World War the bookshop organised special exhibitions, the purpose of which was to promote Polish educational books. Gebethner & Wolff company has also undertaken activities contributing to popularisation of Łódź. It was the special number of “Tygodnik Ilustrowany” devoted to Łódź (1911 no. 19), as well as the information diary for 1914 named “Rocznik Lodzki Gebethnera & Wolffa” [Lodz Yearbook of the Gebethner & Wolff]. However, it was W. Reymont's “Ziemia Obiecana” [The Promised Land], which had the greatest impact on shaping the image of the city by the Lodka River. The initiative of appearance and publishing of the book was the effect of activity of the Gebethner & Wolff. Accomplishment of the above mentioned objectives, as well as other activities became possible thanks to involvement of numerous people connected with Łódź. They were, among others, booksellers: Robert Schwartzchultz, Juliusz Goźlinski, Stanislaw Miszewski, journalists: Wladyslaw Rowinski and Zenon Pietkiewicz, as well as the son of the company's co-owner Gustaw Wojciech Gebethner.
Die in den Jahren 1897-1915 in Łódź erscheinende Tageszeitung „Rozwój” hat eine wesentliche Rolle im gesellschaftlich-kulturellen Leben der Stadt gespielt. Beträchtlich war auch ihr Anteil an der Gestaltung der Buchkultur. Die Zeitung informierte über das Bestehen und Tätigkeit der Institutionen, die sich mit der Produktion und Verbreitung des Buches befaßten. Sie haben es sowohl in der Form der zahlbaren Anoncen als auch der Redaktionsübermittlung getan. Man bemühte sich das Interesse und Geschmack der Leser durch das Informieren über die Verlagsneuerscheinungen, ihr Beurteilen und (seltener) Rezension zu gestalten. Ein wesentlicher Element der kulturbildenden Einwirkung von „Rozwój” im Bereich des Buches war die Aufnahme der eigenen Verlagsinitiativen und dann die Verbreitung dieser wertvollen Veröffentlichungen in der lodzer Gesellschaft. Einen gewissen wissenschaftlichen Wiederhall fanden auch die oft von der Redaktion wiederholten Initiativen der Gründung der öffentlichen Bibliothek in Łódź.
The aim of the study is to present the origins and development of academic institutions educating librarians in Poland in 1945–2015, taking into account the institutional and scholarly aspects. In the first part of the paper the author presents the history of various institutions — university faculties, departments and institutes — divided into three chronological periods (1945–1974, 1975–1989, 1990–2015). She takes into account the circumstances surrounding their establishment (including the legal framework), their founders, staff, organisational structures and their changes. In addition, she points to other manifestations of academic life influencing the work of academic library science centres, like conferences and professional journals. In the second part, devoted to a discussion of research into bibliology and information science conducted at Polish universities, the author focuses on the various subjects, treating chronology only as an element organising descriptions of research processes at the various library studies centres. She points to areas of research as well as changes occurring in their subjects in the analysed period, referring to the names of selected scholars and titles of their most important works. Like in part one, she also discusses the social, political and cultural determinants stimulating research processes, paying particular attention to the impact of the new technologies and media. The author’s overview confirms the huge role played by academic institutions engaged in library studies in the consolidation of the position of bibliology as an academic discipline, but at the same time shows how the research profile of book science has been changing in recent years, evolving in the direction of phenomena associated with information science and new technologies.
В работе рассмотрена ситуация школьных библиотек в Лодзи в начале XX в. с особым учётом изменений, которые в организации этих библиотек и в их содержании происходили после 1905 г., а:позднее в период Первой мировой войны. Целые более полного представления проблемы было дать краткую характеристику развития школьных библиотек в Лодзи в XIX в. на фоне господствующей ситуации в этой области в Польском королевстве. Почти в течение всего XIX в. библиотеки существовали в Лодзи в основном только при начальных школах. Это были небольшие библиотеки, содержащие, в основном, учебники и методические издания для педагогов. Начиная с 60-х годов преимущественно русские книги. Польские публикации в библиотеках начальных школ появляются только после 1905 г. Это, прежде всего, также научные пособия для учителей, но чаще всего представляющие новейшие достижения 8 области методики обучения. В период I мировой войны решительно растёт число начальных школ, “полонизируются" также в широком масштабе их библиотеки. На переломе веков в Лодзи развивается среднее образование, в основном торгового профиля. Библиотеки этих школ часто содержат большое количество ценных книг {попадаются, например, ценные старопечатные книги). Польские книги находятся также в библиотеках многочисленных женских пансионатах. Первая польская гимназия, основанная в 1906 г. обладала ценной библиотекой, которая в дидактическом процессе, реализованном в школе, выполняла существенную функцию. В период I войны, несмотря на трудную ситуацию, много внимания и средств было посвящено развитию просвещения. Тогда возник целый ряд новых школьных библиотек, в том числе и библиотек при центрах обучения учителей.
The article presents the person of Professor Hanna Tadeusiewicz as the university teacher, librarian and teacher of students and shows the main directions of her scientific interest from the beginning of the scientific work at the University of Lodz.
This article discusses the author’s academic and teaching career, which spanned 45 years at the University of Łódź. Her research focused on various aspects of the Polish book world, with particular emphasis on the place and role of books in the culture of Łódź during the 19th and 20th centuries. The author’s body of work also includes publications devoted to the function and significance of books for children and young people during the Partitions, as well as to the challenges facing contemporary institutions (libraries, research centers) and organizations (the Polish Librarians’ Association) operating within the book system. In parallel with her scholarly work, she engaged in teaching and organizational activities and participated in the work of committees evaluating other authors’ studies in the field of book studies. The descriptive section is supplemented by a complete chronological bibliography of the author’s publications.
PL
W artykule omówiono przebieg pracy naukowej i dydaktycznej autorki, związanej przez 45 lat z Uniwersytetem Łódzkim. Przedmiotem jej badań były różne obszary polskiego świata książki, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem miejsca i roli książki w kulturze Łodzi, w XIX i XX wieku. W dorobku autorki znalazły się też publikacje poświęcone funkcji i znaczeniu książek dla dzieci i młodzieży w okresie zaborów, a także problemom współczesnych instytucji (biblioteki, placówki naukowe) i organizacji (SBP) funkcjonujących w systemie książki. Równolegle z pracą naukową realizowała działalność dydaktyczną i organizacyjną, brała także udział w pracach gremiów oceniających opracowania innych autorów, z zakresu nauki o książce. Dopełnieniem części opisowej jest pełna bibliografia publikacji autorki, w układzie chronologicznym.
In recent years, extreme hydrological phenomena have been observed increasingly frequently in many European countries, including Poland. Efficient protection measures to reduce the occurrence of floods and their tragic consequences have been sought for years. One such solution is the efficient water policy pursued by the European Union, made up of a series of legal acts related to flood risks. The aim of the study is to present an overview of selected EU and national legal instruments concerning flood control in rural areas which are currently applied in Poland. The implementation of EU regulations makes it necessary for the member-states to amend many of the currently binding regulations relating to flood control, but also to adopt a number of new legal rules facilitating flood risk management.