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1
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Kritické eseje o súčasnej dobe

100%
EN
The article treats of the plurality of genres of philosophical literature and, in this context, focuses on the philosophical essay. The author provides a concise characterisation of the development of this genre and, using the example of the topical essays of Slovak philosopher and literary critique E. Farkašová, presents several possibilities for reflecting on contemporary times.
SK
Príspevok tematizuje pluralitu žánrov filozofickej literatúry a v rámci nej sa sústreďuje na filozofickú esej. Autor podáva stručný náčrt vývinu tohto žánru a na príklade aktuálnych esejí slovenskej filozofky a literátky E. Farkašovej prezentuje niektoré z jeho možností pri reflexii súčasnej doby.
Path of Science
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2018
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vol. 4
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issue 8
4001-4008
RU
В статье исследованы жанрово-стилевые особенности произведения «Песнопения Божественной Литургии, приспособленные для сельских хоров П. Демуцким» В работе проанализированы музыкальный и вербальный материал, а также структура произведения. В процессе анализа установлено, что в Литургии использованы авторские композиции П. Демуцкого, его гармонизации обиходных мелодий, церковных напевов, напевов записанных с голоса, с пометкой «из старых нот» и без указания источника. Доказано, что произведение является ярким образцом украинской духовной музыки начала ХХ в. и демонстрирует авторское (П. Демуцким) видение жанра в преломлении через фольклорный опыт, что является показательной тенденцией музыкальной культуры того периода времени.
EN
The article studies the genre and style features of the work “The Chants of the Divine Liturgy adapted for rural choirs by P. Demutskiy”. The paper analyzes the musical and verbal material as well as the structure of the work. In the process of analysis it has been established that in the Liturgy the author’s compositions by P. Demutskiy, his harmonization of everyday melodies, church tunes, melodies recorded from voice, marked “from old notes” and without indicating the source, were used. It is proved that the work is a vivid example of the Ukrainian spiritual music of the beginning of the 20th century and demonstrates the author’s (P. Demutskiy) vision of the genre in refraction through folkloric experience, which is an indicative trend of the musical culture of that period of time.
EN
The paper discusses the ironic manner in which gender relations are often tackled in the early modern English romance, from Shakespeare’s comedies to Sidney’s pastorals or Lady Mary Wroth’s poetry. Strong female characters, effeminate males and the subversive, often ambiguous, manner in which the theme of love is approached in 16th- and 17th - century English literature are some of the aspects to be discussed.
EN
This paper presents the results of a corpus-based study which investigates the genre of medical eexchanges between doctors and medical website users. Three conversational routines (greetings, politeness, formal and informal linguistic features) are analyzed. The framework of the study is what some researchers refer to as net linguistics (Posteguillo 2003), consisting of the linguistic study of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). The findings indicate that health posts are a relatively informal type of d/p interaction which is largely influenced by e-mails and chat conventions.
PL
The article is an attempt of a genre analysis of the nineteenth-century sale alcohol agreement as a contract. This is a special document, because this type of act was written only once (L-140) on 412 analyzed contracts. The genre scheme of the old contract is possible to compare it with other nineteenth-century contracts. Although not easy to describe because of the typological confusion and not always the unambiguous genre signals (contract / intermediary declaration / sale alcohol agreement), they are similar to modern notarial contracts of this type. The basic registers of quality features of a nineteenth-century contract are: a clear functional intention, a coherent, formalized structure, a monolithic, specific dialogue between the sender and the receiver, the sender’s autocreation as an expert in legal action serves to build the impression of a contract involving two parties. At the source of the contract lies one of the basic speech acts: a declaration that evokes agreement, used in many social and communication situations.
6
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Gatunkowe uwarunkowania znaczeń symbolicznych

80%
EN
Folklore texts operate on two levels: inside the folk culture in combination with traditional beliefs and customs, and within the national culture as a point of reference and source of inspiration for writers and poets. Individual words also function on those two levels, as they can be understood ‘the literary way’ or ‘the folk way’. The paper presents two units of the vocabulary of the national language (jabłoń ‘apple tree’ and jabłko ‘apple’) which have fixed base meanings but which also accommodate additional senses on a higher semantic level and thus become the signifiant for a new sign. In folklore texts, depending on the genre, the images of apple tree and apple accept the symbolic senses of happy and fulfilled love (in love and courting songs), fertility and vitality (in wedding songs), of readiness for marriage and the stable, cosmic order (in wishing carols), of temptation and sin (in nativity plays), richness and ability to regenerate and renew life (in fairy tales), of the sense of security and parental care (in orphan songs), of the value of family home and proximity to the loved ones (in soldiers’ songs). These symbols can be explained using extralinguistic data (beliefs and customs) as the same senses can be expressed through words, rituals, or objects. The analysis reveals that the images of apple tree and apple serve to communicate values underlying the image of the world contained within the specific genre. The same images, transplanted to a different domain, outside of their particular social group, lose their value, become illegible, incomprehensible, and are viewed as merely a signal of folksiness.
EN
We would like to analyze TV news report. This term is frequently used, the researchers do not specify which charakteristics of this genre are the most specific and essential. We understand news as a component of television newscast, regularly scheduled TV program. The form of the news bulletin is apparently unchanged because the sending-receiving mechanisms are constant, with telegenic newscasters, aproperly arranged studio, two-, three-minute long news reports, and the roles the spectators are cast in. These tricks, however, only serve the senders’ strategies, which make it necessary to define the television news report in adynamically changing media reality. Since the genre is an open and dynamic structure and seamlessly adapts to current needs, it is possible to approach it “diachronically” and present its evolution — mild, fluid, predictable change, and revolution — radical, abrupt change.
EN
The article is an attempt of describing the relation of a philosophical tale as a genre to the canon. It is characterized as (de)canonization: on the one hand the story fights with the existing canon by means of satire, on the other – by such negative references and ironically using the satire against itself – builds it. Such ambivalence, hidden in the structure of realizing the genre – which was shown on the example of stories by Jerzy Szaniawski – is inscribed into the author’s attitude – hermeneutic openness and supporting soft truths.
Studia Slavica
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2013
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vol. 17
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issue 2
189-196
EN
At the beginning of 2012 in Bulgaria was published Ôèçèêà íà òúãàòà (Physics of sorrow / of longing) by Georgi Gospodinov, one of the most important Bulgarian writers of the younger generation. Since the release of the book, Bulgarian literary scholars and critics are in dispute about whether Bulgaria has finally its contemporary, post- or even postpostmodern novel. My paper is an attempt to answer the question why the Bulgarian literature is waiting for a novel, and whether and how it has been used by Gospodinov – writer and literary scholar. The text poses also question about the boundaries of the novel genre. The text focuses on the use of myth, which turns out to be important for the story itself, as well as for its reception. Bulgarian writer deconstructs the myth of Minotaur, using the figure of the labyrinth in the structure of the book. Resigning from the classical myth, Gospodinov goes to meet the expectations of readers placed on the genre of the novel, which by Bartoszyñski is „specific creation of a social mythology”.
EN
This article aims to present and discuss new developments in the macro-genre of medical case reporting. These developments are novel forms of case reports published in international medical journals, going beyond the mere reporting of a case of a new disease or of its novel aspects. They may consist in the differences at the level of form, function and mode of content presentation. The data for the study constitute various publications derived from prestigious medical publishing outlets in English and will be analysed from the qualitative discourse perspective. The article demonstrates both generic creativity on the part of the authors as well as reflections on the changes taking place in medical practice.
DE
Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
EN
In their attempt to reflect the increasing sense of unreality and media-saturated culture, many contemporary writers show a particular penchant for blurring the boundaries between different generic territories. However, rather than employing typically postmodern subversive practices and metanarrative games in their appropriation of popular genres, post-postmodern writers tend to treat them with more appreciation and respectability, by recognising their potential in expanding new literary possibilities and reflecting the complexities of contemporary existence. Analyzing the overlapping between the mimetic and the fantastic elements inscribed in the urban representation of New York in Chronic City, the main aim of this paper is to demonstrate that Lethem’s incorporation of the supernatural into a seemingly realistic urban fiction serves not only to foreground ontological instability of the projected world, but also as a world-building practice designed to dissolve generic boundaries so as to subvert the role of genre in the meaning-making process.
FR
Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
RU
Том содержит аннотаций на английском языке.
EN
The aim of the article is to demonstrate one of the fundamental characteristics of media discourse on video games: its syncretism. This pertains to the amalgamation of content and structures typical of several different spheres of human activity: entertainment, technology, culture, and business. A genre-based discourse analysis is employed to examine which genre patterns are typical of the media discourse on video games and the common methods of their manifestation. The paper discusses in greater detail four selected genres: video game review, news, overview, and a game publisher’s note. The research data was gathered from contemporary Polish-language media outlets specialised in gaming topics, as well as Polish online stores selling video games.
EN
The author has investigated a corpus of informal email messages produced by post intermediate Czech learners of English. The method of analysis draws upon Biber & Conrad (2009) employing primarily a qualitative analysis as part of the author´s dissertation. First of all, the paper touches upon such descriptive terms as style, register and genre. Secondly, the paper presents the results of an analysis of genre features including deviations. In the concluding part, the article outlines implications for practice.
EN
This article attempts to capture the phenomenon of Lodz Television Theatre and to reveal changes in it over the years, i.e. from the foundation of the ŁOT Television Theatre up to the 1990s, when the production of such performances ended at the Lodz Television Centre.
15
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Content available

Cechy gatunkowe romansu

80%
Terminus
|
2019
|
vol. 21
|
issue 2 (51)
197-214
EN
The study attempts to define the genre features of romance based on the currently available research findings, but also taking into account a broader perspective of different meanings which the term assumes both in Polish and in the main European languages. Wierzbicka refers to English studies, as well as to Polish studies because these two languages have developed a similar distinction between romance and novel. The basic assumption adopted in this paper concerns the equivocal use of this term in literary studies, which obscures the picture of the history of literature. Therefore, the history of the term is discussed, which has made it possible to distinguish six different meanings of the term. The first, oldest meaning is specific to the era in which it appeared (like many mediaeval terms), and concerns works written in Romanesque vernacular languages as opposed to mediaeval Latin. It is not a name of a genre. The second meaning has been distinguished in two variants. Generally, it refers to a literary genre that is characterised by an adventurous love story and a protagonist who on principle is a lover. Variants of romance include different textual forms: in the 16th century, it was a poem of a specific narrative structure different from the epic, and in the 17th century it was (mostly) prose. The third meaning begins to dominate in the 18th century, and is an extension of the second meaning of the word “romance” in its second variant, namely, it covers all fictional prose of varied literary value. The fourth meaning was distinguished by English and Polish literary scholars of the second half of the 20th century, who undertook the 18th-century practice of juxtaposing “romance” and “novel”. They recognised “romance” as a heterogeneous epic form characterised by the extraordinary and fairy tale character of narrative fiction. The fifth meaning of the word “romance” refers to a lyrical genre. The sixth, contemporary meaning refers to popular literature, and specifically to a narrative genre that tells a love story. Each of these six meanings illuminates a different fragment of the literary reality. In this context, the question of which of them would be the most functional in literary research becomes all the more important. Wierzbicka argues that the second meaning, similar to the sixth meaning, will allow this term to be used with reference to all literature, without the risk of ambiguity. This is because the basic generic determinant of the second meaning coincides with the contemporary reading consciousness and today’s use of the word, and thus it has a practical dimension. The following were considered genre features of romance: love story, which can optionally abound in adventures; a specific construction of the hero or heroine as one in love; the narrative structure consisting of many actions concentrated around parallel characters; prosaic or verse form; entertainment function (formerly also didactic). Historical variants of the genre are also presented, including the mediaeval chivalric romance, comic-ironic romance, 17th-century romance, sentimental romance, realistic romance. The proposed definition also enables a new look at the historicoliterary reality, especially of the mediaeval and early-modern period, whose narrative works escape the existing nomenclature.
EN
The article presents a study on invective as a lyrical genre from the point of view of its semantic structure, based on samples of the genre identified in Russian and Polish poetry of 19th–20th centuries. Comparative analysis of texts facilitated an emergence and description of stable semantic structure, which is a unique one amongst other genres. This confirms status of invective as an independent literature genre and contributes to the building of a model of a genre process.
EN
The article deals with the comparative analysis of two plays, The Winners’ Feast by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Maria’s Field by Oleg Bogayev which, being united by the war theme, belong to different generations. More or less explicit implications present in both plays make it possible to view the Russian history as a form of national mythology.
EN
The author considers a group of Russian poetic texts aimed at the political foes of Russia as a state. The author argues that these texts are samples of lyrical genre of invective, which is proved by their semantic structure and the objective of the text as a kind of poetic expression. The structure of the genre and its tradition imply a specific image of Russia, which forms in all of the texts analysed, regardless of the literary epoch and political beliefs of the poets.
EN
This article considers the key genre trends in Akhmatova’s poetry. The term «dominant installation of the author» (Kighney’s term) is used as the main genre-make criterion. The introspective, formally canonical, functional installations are defined and analysed. The conclusion of the article is that the author's installations, inspired by the needs of time and tradition, and may be embodied in an individual poetic work in the syncretic, differently interpreted genre structures.
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