Search results - CEJSH

1

Szkic o współczesnej narratologii

100%

Igoriewicz T. W.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2020

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issue 33

419-454

EN

The article discusses the issues of contemporary narratology. The author assumes that narratology is inextricably linked to poetics and rhetoric. The object of narratology is cultural space, which is created by texts in a particular rhetorical modality. However, its reflections includes subjects such as communication strategies and discursive practices. Each narrative discourse involves combining referential and communication events. According to the author, such a view of contemporary narratology opens up a number of new interpretation possibilities.

2

Średniowieczna retoryka jako czynnik kształtujący sztuki plastyczne. Przegląd podstawowych problemów

98%

Tabor D.

Analecta Cracoviensia

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2012

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vol. 44

EN

In the Middle Age the rhetoric was one of the seven liberal arts. Its position in the medieval culture Has been confirmed by Cassiodor, Isidor of Sevilla, Augustin of Hippona and Martianus Capella. The medieval rhetoric was composedof five parts: inventio (invention), dispositio (disposition), elucutio (elocution), memoria (memory) and pronuntiatio (pronuntiation). Only three of them exertet real influence on the fine arts. Inventio controlled the proces of choice of the ideas, which have benn represented by images in work of arts. Dispositio collocated the images in the whole structure of work of art. Elocutio applicated some rhetorical figure in order to communicate some massages throughout the images. In the Middle Ages existed two sources, which inspired the mediewal rhetoric. The fitst Skurce was the ancien, greek and roman rhetoric , the second – the semitic, biblical rhetoric. In the Bible exist two important literary and rhetorical structures – the parallelism and the centripetal construction. These structures influenced some models of composition of narrative cycles and series of images. Rhetor – a hypothetical personage, educated in trivium and quatrivium and expert in the rhetoric, played important role in the mediewal culture. He collaborated with artist and he applicated the rhetorical methods and rhetorical figure in the creation of works of art.

3

W poszukiwaniu języka. O retoryce Partii Kobiet

93%

Sobczak B.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2011

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vol. 18

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issue 1

35-55

PL

To make the political presence of women more visible in modern public discourse it is necessary to work out a language that would represent them appropriately. An analysis of the rhetoric of the Women’s Party (Polish: Partia Kobiet), established in 2007, shows how this problem is handled by the officials of the party. The starting point for the discussion is the thesis that rhetoric discourse is initiated and shaped by a given rhetoric situation (as understood by L.F. Bitzer). In the analysed instance, it is determined by: 1) social and political circumstances surrounding the emergence of the party, no deep-rooted feminist tradition in particular; negativism in the approach towards women’s movements in general reflecting senses and moods dominating within society, marginalisation of women’s issues and women’s voices in mainstream political discourse, 2) historical conditioning and culturally dominant position of the male model of discourse in public address, 3) the attempt to get involved in the discourse as wide audience as possible, coupled with the belief that the sense of unity is to be based on the gender identity. The analysis of the texts available on the web page of the party, viewed as being fully of representative nature for the party, shows that the rhetoric of the Women’s Party is not heterogeneous. It oscillates between the rhetoric of co-operation (through the agency of which the party looks for tools instrumental for achieving some kind of agreement and dialogue in the public debate) and the rhetoric of hatred, already well-established in Polish political discourse (which undermines the formerly mentioned conciliatory attitude in dialogue and co-operation). As a result, a type of a communication ensues that is not free from paradoxes and one that makes a creation of a coherent and consistent message impossible, and therefore hinders a creation of a credible image of the party.

4

Retoryka: od Richarda E. Volkmanna do czasów najnowszych (rozwój dyscypliny)

93%

Lichański J. Z.

Kształcenie Językowe

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2013

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vol. 11 (21)

75 - 91

EN

The aim of the article is to describe the development of the study of rhetoric — “the theory of the text and the science of reasoning on uncertain premises” — from the time of Richard E. Volkmann’s Die Rhetorik der Griechen und Römer in systematischer Übersicht dargestellt, Leipzig 1885 [repr. Olms, Hildesheim 1963, 1987; repr. [elibron] 2005; repr BiblioBazaar 2010] to this day. The author seeks to recognize trends in the study of rhetoric, starting with the tradition of classical philology including word processing, as well as their interpretation, the formation of such trends as rhetorical criticism, nouvelle rhetorique of Chaim Perelman, Kenneth Burke’s school or comparative and contrastive approach. A separate place takes here an attempt at a synthesis by Heinrich Lausberg, Thomas Sloane, Walter Jost and Wandy Olmsted and the authors from the circle of the Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik.The problem in today’s research on rhetoric, on the one hand, the emergence of it in various research fields, such as architecture, sociology, psychology, political science, on the other hand — increases difficulties in determining the scope of rhetoric on the one hand, and such learning, communication, and linguistics on the other. We should also note that rhetoric today is commonly confused with oratory, style, and even considered a science of only historical values, as a variety of historical poetics.However, it should be stressed that rhetoric, in different ways in different countries, has always been and still is present as the foundation of the school, academic education as well as in various courses such as improving writing skills and public speaking. At the same time, programs such as WAC (Writing Across the Curriculum) or WID (Writing in the Disciplines) realize that rhetoric is the condition sine qua non of their existence. At the end the author puts forward the thesis that trial, story, any field of knowledge can usually be still an open book, to which each new generation adds, at least, weighty contributions, which is not especially new. However, we are not always aware of the fact that new discoveries can affect our perception and understanding of not only learning the subject, but also its place within other disciplines. Sometimes — the consequences that bring with it a change in the current perception of specific knowledge. As regards the terms of rhetoric — the matter may have quite serious consequences — not only for this study. Finally, one of the most prominent scholars of today, Wayne C. Booth, is presented and part of his latest book entitled, The Need for Rhetorical Studies Today. In the conclusion the author argues that rhetoric, as Richard E. Volkmann wanted is analogous to logic, and, as suggested by Michael Billig, it is “the traditional study and practice of argumentation, provides an entry to an understanding of thinking.”

5

Psychologia społeczna czy retoryka empiryczna?

93%

Lewiński P.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2019

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issue 16

77-91

EN

For Aristotle, rhetoric was simply an applied technique of persuasion (techne rhetoriké), i. e. an aptitude or producing opinions. From today’s vantage point, it comprised not only the art of fine speech, but also the theory of communication, the theory of argumentation and the essentials of psychology and drama. The problem of multi-aspects of persuasion and argumentation was last comprehensively presented by Aristotle, who interrelated rhetoric with logic, the speaker’s ethos (reliability) and the theory of rhetorical affections, which were aimed at influencing the feelings of the listeners (pathos). It was not until the turn of the forties and fifties of the twentieth century that researchers took a new interest in techniques of exerting influence on people. The experimental methods of Carl Hovland, Fritz Heider, Leo Festinger and others have shaped the modern scientific formula of the old affections theory, now called social psychology. It follows that rhetoric and social psychology, the two fields of influencing people, are closely linked, what Aristotle was undoubtedly aware of. The aim of this article is to find an answer to the question about the relationship between the affections theory and social psychology: do we have the right to call it empirical rhetoric?

6

The written text in the Athenian political culture in the first decades of 4th century BC

93%

Janik J.

Classica Cracoviensia

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2015

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issue 18

185-197

EN

The growing impact of textuality in the classical Greece seems to be generally accepted view. However, the importance of the written text as an autonomous mean of transmission in different spheres of life in Athens in the IV century BC is more complex phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to present a general sketch of this issue with particular emphasis on politics and individuals whose ambition was to have a real impact on the current affairs. In this context the activity of Isocrates and his self-consciousness provides especially interesting material for debate.

7

Medialne obrazy świata z perspektywy retorycznej (na przykładzie recepcji medialnej śmierci i pochówku Czesława Miłosza)

93%

Sobczak B.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2011

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vol. 18

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issue 2

35-45

PL

The article attempts to contribute to the discussion on the methods used in creating the world in the media, viewed from the rhetorical perspective. Implementations of the rhetorical principle of the adaptation of the utterance to the context and the situation of the audience to which exposition is directed (cf. K. Burke’s idea of identification and the so-called “identification” principle) are followed by both linguistic structuring of the utterance and the following argumentation may effect in the media content messages that are not only different but, frequently, create opposing images of the world. How far they may differ in their message is then shown with the example of the media reception of the death and the burial of Czesław Miłosz manifested in the presentations offered by two daily newspapers: Gazeta Wyborcza and Nasz Dziennik. The excerpted source material shows how the multitude of receivers designed to be reached by different mass media communication channels and diversity in taste and expectations of audiences makes it possible for journalists to create subjective interpretations of the world. Once created and tailored to the context of the audience, they function in parallel pathways and, should a clash between them ensue, the only outcome is that their rhetorical nature gets even more accentuated. With these circumstances given, what we experience then is a situation when different truths collide, while each of them surfaces within a given context of human conversation and each is validated by its respective audience to be reached and goals to be attained.

8

Semiotyczny model procesu historycznego. Historia – między gramatyką a retoryką

93%

Kalinin I.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2014

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issue 1(6), Semiotyka historii

49–56

XX

Translation based on: I. Kalinin, The semiotic model of a historical process. History - between gramar and rhetoric, "Sign System Studies", 2003, vol. 31, no. 2. The article is devoted to the problem of the linguistic basis of the semiotic model of history, according to which history is described as a process of communication within social life.

9

Galileuszowe ćwiczenia z retoryki. Ćw. pierwsze: wszystko albo nic

93%

Sierotowicz T.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2010

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issue 47

134-160

PL

The Assayer of Galileo Galilei is a classical text of the Italian literature. It was written in the context of discussions on comets and is a response, word by word, to the Libra astronomica ac philosophica signed by Lotario Sarsi but in fact written by Orazio Grassi. From the formal (i.e. rhetorical) point of view the Assayer is an example of the judicial, defensive speech. However, in the book one can also see the presence of the epideictic speech. The epideictic speech praises the methodological values of the Copernican vision of the universe, and blames those involved in the Aristotelian and Ptolemaic approaches. In the Assayer there is a very famous rhetorical period - the ending with the proverbial aut Caesar aut nihil - in which the internal connection between both types of speeches can be analysed. The rhetorical exercise developed in the present essay tries to disentangle the complex node of these speeches in this fragment.

10

The Art of Rhetoric by Aristotle, a work for our time?

93%

Motte A.

Peitho. Examina Antiqua

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2012

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vol. 3

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issue 1

13-30

EN

Having discussed some political and philosophical stakes of the Greeks’ invention of the rhetorical art, the present research aims to show the great originality of Aristotle’s treatise in comparison to his precursors. Subsequently, the article illustrates the amazing scientific relevance of Aristotle’s work for the French -speaking world in the past half a century. Finally, the paper poses the question whether its underlying concepts can nowadays be of any significance from a practical point of view.

11

Suturing a Wounded Body-Wounded Mind in Red Silk on White Linen: Embodied and Hand(Y) Knowledge of Trauma

93%

Goggin M. D.

Linguaculture

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2012

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vol. 2012

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issue 1

27-46

EN

In 1830, Elizabeth Parker, daughter of a day laborer and of a teacher in Ashburnham, East Sussex, England, cross-stitched in red silk thread an extraordinarily complex text that participates in several genres, including a memoir of her then brief life of some seventeen years, a confession, a suicide note, and a prayer. These various genres cohere around one momentous event in Parker’s young life: the sexual violation and physical abuse at the hands of her employer, Lt. G. After suturing 46 lines, 1,722 words, and 6,699 characters, she stops mid-line and mid-way down her cloth with the powerful plea, “What will become of my soul[?]” This paper argues that Parker’s sampler was a robust site in which Parker was able to grapple with her wounded body and mind. To justify the claim that a woman’s stitching can be interpreted as an epistemic activity, the proposed paper turns to two key concepts “situated knowledges” and “embodied knowledge”- both of which have been posited by feminists as a way to destabilize the dominant validation of disembodied, abstract thinking where the eye serves as the mind’s tool of investigation. (Haraway; Knappett; Frank; Driver)

12

Wichtige Bemerkungen zu unbeabsichtigten Sprechwirkungen der nichtmuttersprachlichen Vortragenden auf die deutschsprachigen Rezipienten

93%

Molenda A.

Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław

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2022

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issue 22

397-401

EN

Effective presentation is a skill wanted by many. This competence is of great relevance for scientific lectures and can be transferred to other speech situations such as student seminar papers or oral presentations. How to achieve the intended speech effects and how to act rhetorically competently is often explained in the scientific literature. However, this monograph is also devoted to the unintended effects of speech, taking into account their causes.

13

From Candidate to President: Obama’S Discourse Two Years Later

93%

Bran R., Pele A.

Romanian Journal of English Studies

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2012

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vol. 9

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issue 1

1-10

EN

The article explores Barack Obama’s most notable speeches after becoming president. The authors intend to write a sequel to their 2009 paper Yes We Can: A New American Identity in the Speeches of Barack Obama, which looked at Obama’s campaign discourse, and investigate if his rhetoric has changed in the first half of his mandate.

14

The Refutation of Gorgias: Notes on a Contradiction

93%

Güremen R.

Peitho. Examina Antiqua

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2017

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vol. 8

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issue 1

237-248

EN

This paper claims that Socrates’ refutation of Gorgias in the eponymous dialogue is designed not to find out the truth about the nature of the art of rhetoric itself but to refute the master of rhetoric himself. I try to justify this claim by displaying some major contradictions between the conclusions reached at with Gorgias and those reached at with Polus. When these contradictions are taken into account, the discussion with Polus is to be seen as reflecting the genuine Socratic position about rhetoric, whereas the discussion with Gorgias seems only to be devised as a dexterity in refutation.

15

Galileuszowe ćwiczenia z retoryki i dialektyki - ćwiczenie drugie: Swada o księdze

93%

Sierotowicz T.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2011

|

issue 48

46-76

PL

The Assayer of Galileo Galilei is a classical text of the Italian literature. It was written in the context of discussions on comets and is a response, word by word, to the Libra astronomica ac philosophica signed by Lotario Sarsi but in fact written by Orazio Grassi. From the formal (i.e. rhetorical) point of view the Assayer is an example of the judicial, defensive speech. However, in the book one can also see the presence of the epideictic speech. The epideictic speech praises the methodological values of the Copernican vision of the universe, and blames those involved in the Aristotelian and Ptolemaic approaches. In the sixth section of the Assayer there is a famous group of four rhetorical periods in which one can notice the presence of the new interpretation of the antique metaphor of the book. The rhetorical exercise developed in this essay tries to disentangle the complex node of this metaphor and gives its new interpretation. It seems that for Galileo the metaphor is not a trope but passes to the topica. At the end some considerations on dialectics of Galileo are also proposed.

16

Potenzialità glottodidattiche della comunicazione pubblicitaria

93%

Giusto M.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2020

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vol. 47

|

issue 2

5-19

PL

The aim of the present article is to shed the light on educational aspects which can be obtained by the exploration of an authentic, advertising material. The analysis attempts to demonstrate how communicative and linguistic characteristics, argumentative patterns, rhetorical figures and cultural aspects, which constitute the complex structure which is advertising message, convey values, stereotypes, social and linguistic tendencies. All of the above are conceived in order to complete the goals of persuasion. For the teacher, it is a rich, authentic and precious resource which gives the student the opportunity to extend his abilities and skills, to face and approach a new, linguistic and cultural context.

17

Życie i dzieło Galileusza

93%

Sierotowicz T.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2012

|

issue 50

85-90

PL

The author presents the main results of his long-term studies on the life and the work of Galileo Galilei within the group of OBI. He mentions his most important publications from this area and points to some problems that are worth elaborating upon in the future.

18

Rhetoric appropriateness in view of contemporary media communication and journalism

93%

Worsowicz M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

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2017

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vol. 43

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issue 5

35-49

EN

In the article, I present deliberations on the theme of the rhetorical category of appropriateness in the context of its original sources and contemporary media practice. Upon presenting the theory formed in line with the understanding developed in antiquity, I accept as a functional division for the purpose of the discussion the prépon/aptum (decorum) division, i.e. into the historical and literary notion, and appropriateness as a general principle of rhetorical communication to subsequently present a discussion organised on the basis of three theses: 1) The major factor defining the rhetorical model of appropriateness is the mass nature of media communication in the presence of freedom of speech, a democratic system of authority, and economic liberalism; 2) The on-going presence of disputes regarding the appropriateness of public behaviour is a manifestation not as much of its norm-building potential as of the functional approach – of senders, participants of the reported events, and message receivers – towards media communication, which inevitably results in a distinct over-representation of messages the content of which applies to the manifestations of inappropriateness; 3) The appropriateness principle is associated with the difficult task for the receiver to understand her/his role in the world of the media, and its various consequences. I posit that the principle does, in fact, indicate certain criteria which can become a basis for classifying specific messages as those which do or do not meet the requirements of rhetorical tact, yet it does not enable one to define an a priori applicable borderline between appropriateness and inappropriateness in contemporary media. Therefore, it seems that the settlement of any doubts and dilemmas associated with appropriateness ought to be founded on a good upbringing-based social stance and a system of values, i.e. maturity achieved regardless of the influence of the media.

19

Das Erhabene als literarisch-ästhetische Kategorie

93%

Styka J.

Classica Cracoviensia

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2013

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issue 16

165-187

EN

The paper discusses the rhetorical and literary concept of the sublime (tὸ u`qov) and its development in the theory and practice of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Special emphasis is put on pseudo-Longinus' treatise De sublimitate and its understanding of the concept of the sublime.

20

Tristram Shandy – The Playful Art of Seduction

93%

Băniceru A. C.

Romanian Journal of English Studies

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2013

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vol. 10

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issue 1

199-207

EN

The main concern of a skilled storyteller is not to report a sequence of events, but to tell a ‘tellable’ story and to ward off the question ‘so what?’ coming from the listener. However, what happens when the story has little to recommend it as ‘tellable’? This is the case of Tristram Shandy who uses sexuality as elaborate rhetorical strategy to constantly tease and arouse his narratees’ imagination.

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