Search results

1

Česká antropologie - pokračovatelka české etnografie a etnologie - po sametové revoluci (1989). Urbánní a etnická studia jako osa oboru

100%

Soukupová B.

Národopisný věstník

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2013

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vol. 30_(72)

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issue 2

5-20

EN

The first part of the text addresses the development of ethnography, ethnology and anthropology, respectively, as fields of study, based on the change of the research paradigm. The second part is focused on two most progressive sub-fields of the contemporary anthropology: urban and ethnic anthropology, respectively. It analyses the development of these two fields after 1989, as well as the key areas of research, especially with regard to the change of the political and social system and climate. The aim of the study is to accentuate the confusion with regard to the use of the terms ethnography, ethnology and anthropology and the development continuity of the field. In addition, it aims to underline the social bias of this field of study, even after 1989. Present-day anthropology applies the holistic approach and has remained, to a great extent, part of history. However, it would seem that its comparative scope is its weakness.

2

Etnografia/etnologia/antropologia a nauki historyczne wobec koncepcji społeczeństwa pierwotnego

100%

Sokolewicz Z.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2015

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issue 8, Antropologia i historia

17–26

XX

The concept of primitive society was an anthropological response to theories by Darwin and Lyell as well as archeological studies of Paleolithic cultures. It also resulted from the 19th century search for the source of human cultural diversity and the issue of equality vis-à-vis diversity of human cultures. The concept of primitive society covered also uncivilized strata of civilized societies, i.e. peasant cultures. At the same time, it allowed to build a link between archeology, anthropology and ethnology. These three disciplines considered the “primitive society” as a common research subject. In Poland, Stanisław Poniatowski was the main proponent of this concept, but it can be also found in writings of Jan Czekanowski, Adam Fischer, Eugeniusz Frankowski and Kazimierz Moszyński. The concept of primitive society was abandoned in the mid 20th century as a result of the critique of colonialism, in Poland, also because of the development of the theory of social development, structuralism, phenomenology and the influence of the thought of Jan Stanisław Bystoń and Cezaria Baudouin de Courtenay Ehrenkreutz Jędrzejewiczowa.

3

The Concept of Sustainable Development of Cities. Ethnological Notes

100%

Darulová J.

Ethnologia Actualis

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2016

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vol. 16

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issue 1

68-78

EN

The sustainable development concept has been detailed in several strategic documents which, among other things, point out that it is a complex issue and should be explored at the inter-disciplinary level. Examples of the current ethnological research of cities concerning transformations of post-socialist urban spaces in the context of civic initiatives and participative planning and participative budget demonstrate the possibilities of ethnology in applying the sustainable development principles in an urban environment.

4

ROLA OBRZĘDOWOŚCI I TRADYCJI MORSKICH W WYCHOWANIU MŁODZIEŻY W POLSCE PRZED I PO 1989 R.

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Pietkiewicz I., Pietkiewicz A.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

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2015

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issue 1

83-96

EN

Gdynia, the city born from the sea, is a place where one of the bringing up methods, right since the city was founded, has been so-called naval upbringing. It has been realized in Gdynia’s sailing clubs throughout teaching of both sports and recreational sailing – an offer aimed at the youth. When Poland regained its independence in 1918, a decision was made to build a modern Polish Baltic port – Gdynia and so the rising of naval awareness among the Polish society was activated. The content connected with the naval economy, the sea, education as well as naval upbringing appeared in all actions aimed at the Polish society. Neither The Second World War, nor the difficult post war years did not cease the naval upbringing. Since the very first post war days, not only was the yacht marina began to be built, but also sailing life and culture were reactivated. Polish Yachting Association, or the Scout Maritime Center, later on re-named to become the National Naval Upbringing Center were founded. The naval upbringing, despite many obstacles connected with Poland’s politically and economically unstable history, has been non-stop realized until today. In the article an attempt was made to show that cultivating the naval customs and culture by the older generations of seamen and passing them on to the youth has had an impact on raising modern citizens. While doing the research, methods of literature study and interview were used.

5

„Такав обичај спроводе само педесетогодишње и више старице„ (1898): прагматика старости у традиционалној култури Словена

100%

Mykytenko O.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2016

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vol. 163

665-675

EN

The age is one of the basic categories in the participants’ stratification in traditional rituals, and the age regulations are compulsory for the different spheres of folk culture. In accordance with the traditional notions, the old were parents who have married children, and especially if they had the grandchild. The ambivalent perception of the old is caused by their knowledge of life and wisdom, as well as by the ritual cleanness, but also their potential danger as persons who are before the death. These beliefs are manifested in the context of traditional family and calendar customs and rituals, in the first place those of the funeral and repast cycle, and on the whole with the semantics of safeguard or sacrifice. At the same time already at the end of the 19th century the transformation or destruction of many rituals caused that participants in them were only the old.

UK

Вік є однією з основних категорій стратифікації учасників традиційної обрядовості, а вікові регламентації обов’язкові для різних сфер народної культури. За традиційними уявленнями, старими вважали батьків, які видали заміж/оженили дітей, а особливо, якщо вже вони мали онуків. Амбівалентність сприйняття літніх/старих людей обумовлюється як їхнім життєвим досвідом та мудрістю, так і ритуальною чистотою, а водночас і потенційною загрозою як осіб, близьких до смерті. Ці уявлення знаходять вираження в контексті традиційних родинних та календарних звичаїв та обрядів, у першу чергу поховально-поминального циклу, і загалом тих, котрі мають семантику захисту та жертвоприношення. Разом із тим, уже наприкінці ХІХ ст. трансформація або занепад багатьох обрядів призводили до того, що участь у них брали тільки люди старшого віку.

6

Finding Spiritual Core: Union of the Believers of the Ukrainian Native Faith

100%

SMORZHEVSKA O., KHVIST V.

Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka

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2017

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vol. 8

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issue 2

126-130

EN

In this article considered Union of the Believers of the Ukrainian Native Faith as Ukrainian ethno-confession, described the institutionalization of this religious organization. Author draws the attention to the ideological basis of confession. Aim of this article - show that modern paganism as the religious-ideological phenomenon has become an important part of the cultural life of Ukraine.

7

Antropologia – folklor – historia. Piotr Kowalski (1952-2011) – in memoriam

100%

Kowalewski J.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2017

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issue 10, Antropologia - folklor - historia

11–13

XX

Editorial

8

Migrace v české etnologii: náměty k obohacení migrační teorie

100%

Uherek Z.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2016

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vol. 26

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issue 4

263 - 270

EN

The article is based on an argument that in the Czech and Moravian ethnologies, there is quite a big amount of information about migration and adaptation of people to a new environment whereby those information have not been fully utilized and they are rarely used in the relation to the theory of migration. The data were often collected in the past with different intentions than to explain the issue of migration, and they comment on that rather by accident and in a non-systematic way. However, especially the older works can become a good source that can no longer be replenished with experience from the field. The author of the text mentions works of classics of the Czech ethnology, such as Karel Chotek, Antonín Václavík, Iva Heroldová, Olga Skalníková or Mirjam Moravcová, and he shows how several themes served well to their successor to complete the depiction of processes that are connected with the issue of migration, or that could serve for this purpose. In the conclusion, he draws attention to some of new themes which are in-process in the field of ethnology and social anthropology in the Czech Republic. Due to the publication activity in the discipline, those themes are examples, not a systematic enumeration.

9

Současné úkoly etnologie při vnímání etnografického regionu veřejností (na příkladu Lašska)

100%

Michalička V.

Národopisný věstník

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2011

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vol. 28_(70)

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issue 2

25-30

EN

This contribution will contemplate the issue of the contemporary tasks of ethnology with respect to the perception of ethnographic region in the general public. Particular attention will be paid to the role of professional coverage of one-of-a-kind regions in the process of formation of specifics of the given regions and in the promotion of regional identity. During the first half of the 20th century, there were attempts to created regional monographs that affected the perception of the local regions by the local people. regions that lack more complex coverage by professional ethnographers provide free and unrestricted space for numerous ethnologists and business entities. It often leads to the creation of a fake image of cultural history of the region. Moreover, local people identify themselves with the false interpretation and presentation. the contribution aims to assess the situation, taking as an example the ethnographical region of Lašsko, in case of which the insufficient professional coverage of the topic led to numerous interpretations that distorted cultural awareness in many citizens of the region.

10

“Ethnology Has Introduced Law and Order”: Remarks on the Works of Bronisław Malinowski as a “Hybrid Activity”

100%

Kisielewski A.

Ikonotheka

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2015

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vol. 25

111-127

EN

This essay is an attempt to look at the work of the eminent ethnologist Bronisław Malinowski as an artistic creation. His work could be of interest to visual arts researchers. In this essay, his work is treat ed as a collection of images with a strictly European provenance. Examples of such images could be depictions of the places where the Polish ethnologist conducted his research. These depictions are, in fact, maps which he created by means of words. The images are like painted descriptions of tropical nature or, as Malinowski himself said, cinematic representations of the everyday life of the natives from the Trobriand Islands; they are people’s portraits created by verbal descriptions, numerous photographs and also specifi cally “modernist” visual forms, such as tables, graphs, diagrams etc. The European nature of these images confi rms the hypothesis that the phenomenon described, rather infelicitously, as primitivism, of which ethnology represented by the second generation of fi eld-working ethnologists, to which Malinowski belonged, was a component, is a construct created by a strictly European imagination.

11

Current Manifestations of the Ethnic Identity of Transylvanian Saxons

88%

Drs T.

Ethnologia Actualis

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2015

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vol. 15

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issue 2

46-65

EN

The study ‘Current Manifestations of the Ethnic Identity of Transylvanian Saxons’ presents this ethnic minority in Romania. Based on the theoretical concepts of T. H. Eriksen, it deals with the issues of the ethnic identity and its contemporary manifestations in the culture of Transylvanian Saxons. Information gathered during the qualitative field research make it possible to capture changes in the manifestations of the ethnic identity and the relationship between the minority and the majority culture. As a result of modernization processes and large-scale emigration, there has been a change of the group’s mentality, with traditional behaviour patterns and models of social coexistence disintegrating. The need has arisen to revise the ethnic identity of the community. The observed aspects of the ethnic identity include ethnicity and Saxon self-concept, Saxon dialect, Saxon Evangelical Church, festivities, minority education and interethnic relations. Attention is also paid to the opinions of Saxon politicians and intellectuals of the current situation of the society and its future direction.

12

The Polish Ethnographic Atlas: Research Achievements and Prospects

88%

Pieńczak A.

Ethnologia Actualis

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2015

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vol. 15

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issue 2

81-94

EN

In 1998, the source materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas - collected over many decades with the participation of the Institute of History of Material Culture (a unit of the Polish Academy of Sciences) and several leading ethnological centres - were moved to the Cieszyn Branch of the University of Silesia (currently the Faculty of Ethnology and Education). It was then that Z. Kłodnicki, the editor of the PEA, came up with the idea to continue and finish the atlas studies. However, the work on fulfilling the PEA, the biggest project in the history of Polish ethnology, is still going on. Nowadays, the materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas constitute a precious, unique in the national scale, documentary base. For several years, a lively cooperation has taken place between the PEA staff (representing the Faculty of Ethnology and Education of the University of Silesia) and various cultural institutions, government and non-government organizations. The discussed projects are usually aimed at the preservation and protection of the cultural heritage of the Polish village as well as the broadly related promotion actions for activating local communities. The workers of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas since 2014 have been also implementing the Ministry grant entitled The Polish Ethnographic Atlas - scientific elaboration, electronic database, publication of the sources in the Internet, stage I (scientific supervision: Ph.D. Agnieszka Pieńczak). What is an integral assumption of the discussed project is the scientific elaboration of three electronic catalogues, presenting the PEA resources: 1) field photographs (1955-1971) 2) the questionnaires concerning folk collecting (1948-1952), 3. the published maps (1958-2013). These materials have been selected due to their documentary value. The undertaking has brought about some measurable effects, mostly the special digital platform www.archiwumpae.us.edu.pl. This material database of ethnographic data might become the basis for designing various non-material activities aimed at preserving the cultural heritage of the Polish village.

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Lidová kultura Haliče v dílech českých národopisců a publicistů 19. století. Příspěvek k česko-ukrajinským kulturním kontaktům

88%

Válka M.

Národopisný věstník

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2022

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vol. 39_(81)

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issue 1

5-23

EN

After the First Partition of Poland, another crown land - Galicia (German: Galizien, Polish: Galicja, Ukrainian: Halychyna) was incorporated into the Austrian Empire; it covered current south-Polish and western-Ukrainian territories north of the Carpathians in the basin of the Vistula to Upper Dniester and Prut. Galicia featured not only a variety of ethnic groups living in it (Polish, Ukrainians, Jews, Germans, Armenians, etc.), but also a diversity in religions. The above-mentioned ethnic and religious differences were reflected in the cultural sphere whose richness of expressions drew attention of the first collectors of folk traditions among domestic authors and foreign researchers, whereby Balthasar Hacquet (1739–1815) can be mentioned as the first of them. The interest of researchers whose attention was directed rather to the National Revival and who saw in the folk culture the roots of national self-identity was based on different ideological premises. It was Pavel Josef Šafařík (1795–1861) who became the representative of Slavic ethnography and who - in cooperation with the Ukrainian (Malorossian) scholars Ivan D. Vahylevych and Jakov Holovacki - offered knowledge about Ukrainian (Ruthenian) culture in eastern Galicia. Karel František Vladislav Zap (1812–1871) was among significant Czech experts in Galicia; as a public servant he lived in Lviv at the turn of the 1830s and 1840s. His work features an effort for a critical but unbiased attitude to ethnical and economic problems of the country. The freer social life in Austria after the fall of Bach’s absolutism lead to the development of journalism. The ethnographic work of František Řehoř (1857–1899), who spent several years in the region, is of essential importance for Galicia. He published his essays, mostly of a popularizing nature, in Prague social and professional journals. His strengths included gathering of source material through field research, and collecting activities. The last important chapter of contact between Ukrainians from Galicia and the Czech lands dates back to the 1890s; it is connected with large exhibitions held in Prague and Lviv. However, the political situation in the Austro-Hungarian Empire caused their reception to be diametrically opposed. World War I, the dissolution of Austria-Hungary and the formation of the successor states ended the flow of ethnographic journalism on Galicia for the Czech reader; the Czech-Ukrainian contacts continued, however, on a different basis.

14

Etnologie v Bulharsku na počátku 21. století

88%

Machová B.

Národopisný věstník

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2012

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vol. 29_(71)

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issue 2

67-72

EN

The article deals with the situation of Bulgarian ethnology at the beginning of the 21st century. It addresses three main forms of institutionalised ethnology: the relevant department of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, university departments and ethnographic museums. The first institution of this type was the National Ethnographic Museumin Sofia (1906). In 1947, an independent ethnographic institute was founded as apart of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, the present-day Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum. The text describe in detail this academic institution, summarises its main research activities and mentions examples of past projects. In addition, it references the ongoing “ethnology versus anthropology” debate. The academic discipline of ethnology in Bulgaria has lately suffered financial difficulties and is largely dependent on international and national grants.

15

Některé problémy adaptace českých usídlenců v severozápadním Bulharsku

88%

Penčev V.

Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)

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2015

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vol. 1

115-122

EN

Some Problems in Adaptation of Czech Settlers in North-West Bulgaria

16

Sport and Art: a View on the Worldwide and Connecting Area from the Perspective of Sports Science – or: about the Convergence of Two Worlds

88%

Kretschmann R., Von Grabowiecki U.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2012

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vol. 55

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issue 1

5-16

EN

The two worlds of sport and art cannot be separated distinctly. Intersections can definitely be identified. Although the discipline “Sport-Art” has not yet been established as a sub-discipline of sport science, sporadic attempts of integration in higher education and academic discussion can be found. In the field of (fine) arts we meet sport in everyday life as so-called practical and commercial art. The fusion is also obvious in the fields of music, art history, and literature. The convergence of the two worlds is clearest in the structural analogy of the genesis of composition, performing arts, literature, and movement products. Finally, a pedagogical postulate is posited that should be understood as a demand for an (school) education that integrates art and sport.

17

Státní ústav pro lidovou píseň a Československá Akademie věd 1952-1953

88%

Jůnová Macková A.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2015

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vol. 102

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issue 4

419-435

EN

The study focuses in particular to the institutional development of Czechoslovak ethnography in the period between the end of the World War II and the year 1953. The establishing of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in the years 1951/1952-1953 made an impact upon many scientific disciplines. Ethnography belonged to the 6th section, but for a long time it had been unclear how the State Institute for Folk Song, whose tradition reached to the year 1905, and the newly established Cabinet for Ethnography were to by connected. The present study tries to capture this effort for preserving the independent study of folklore, even though in close connection with ethnographic research, as well as the problem of the institutional embedding, that is, the gradual hiring of scientific workers, the composition of scientific committee and the editorial boards of important periodicals.

18

Etnografija, etnologija u Jugoslaviji od 1918. do 1941. godine

88%

Radojičić D.

Národopisný věstník

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2019

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vol. 36_(78)

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issue 1

83-98

EN

This paper discusses scientific history of ethnography and ethnologyas disciplines, and their most significant bearers who established numerous institutions and new research perspectives in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croatans and Slovenians and later in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between the world wars. The discussed events reflect the then scientific policy in ethnography and ethnology in Yugoslavia between 1918 and 1941.

19

Linguistic and cultural dimensions of Slovak onomastics in Slavistics research

88%

Krško J.

Human Affairs

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2013

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vol. 23

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issue 2

289-294

EN

In his paper the author argues that interdisciplinary research and collaboration between different scientific branches are important in ensuring that research captures the wider picture. The author ascertains common points in history, ethnology, dialectology, and folkloristics by looking at various examples of onomastic research conducted in Slovakia. The research findings are part of broad pan-Slavic research and are important in Slovak Slavistics as well.

20

Národopis, památková péče a muzea

88%

Kovářů V.

Národopisný věstník

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2009

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vol. 26_(68)

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issue 1

218-220

EN

Heritage preservation is one of the fields where the results of the ethnological studies may be applied. The professional goals of Czech ethnographers include above all the documentation, but at the same time the care of monuments. It implies systematic field work: research, written as well as photographic documentation, registration, comparative studies. Classification of the detected artifacts of vernacular architecture is only one aspect of the professional ethnographic work in the institutes of heritage preservation. Close cooperation of researchers in those institutes with universities and museums, especially with the regional ones, may be considered as relatively successful. The videos, DVDs and CDs dealing with vernacular architecture technology and with the traditional procedures in the building trade are an extraordinary evidence of this symbiosis. From the point of view of the monument preservation, those films are drawn up as documentary films, however, the individual building operations are demonstrated herein. Screenplays of those films were elaborated with regard to the participation of the museum experts. the synergy of the ethnologists engaged in the monument preservation and the municipal government and state administration with their aim to enhance local or regional tradition cannot be overlooked. Participation inpreservation of a number of objects of vernacular architecture in particular villages enables the contemporary generation to learn about local building traditions, handcraft production, etc. Environment created like this is an ideal starting point for common cultural activities, stimulation of interest in the native place and region, previous generations and their way of life.

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Česká antropologie - pokračovatelka české etnografie a etnologie - po sametové revoluci (1989). Urbánní a etnická studia jako osa oboru