Search results - CEJSH

1

Argumentative Bedeutung von historischen Analogien in der nationalsozialistischen Propaganda während des Zweiten Weltkrieges. Einige Bemerkungen über Methodologie und Forschungsergebnisse eines Projekts

100%

Kołtunowski P.

Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature

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2008

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issue 32

282-300

EN

Basing on historical analogy, the paper analyzes the problem of argumentative manipulation in the Nazi propaganda during World War II.. The present study of propaganda texts took into account two types of linguistic manipulation: “explanation” and “justification”, both playing a crucial role in forming the German postures during World War II. The analysis showed that the Nazi propaganda made use of false historical analogies, i.e. it juxtaposed and compared incommensurable facts, patterns of behaviour, feats leading to victory, etc. The aim of the manipulative technique of false historical analogy, based on explanation and justification, was to boost the Germans’ “combative” morale. This was expected to be achieved by way of shaping the required postures: a complete submission to the Nazi leadership, the endurance vis-à-vis losses inflicted, combating apathy and defeatism, creating a psychological “distance” with respect to the crisis and losses. The justification of the war effort was done through spreading fear, creating the “endurance” posture, appealing to the “Prussian virtues”, etc. The forging of these postures was meant to keep the German nation in the spirit of constant “combative readiness”.

2

Reportażowe reprezentacje pamięci w tomie Michała Olszewskiego „Najlepsze buty na świecie”

85%

Piechota M.

Stylistyka

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2019

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vol. 28

109-129

EN

The article analyses how reportage creates representations of individual and shared memories as well as official and private memories, as described by Michał Olszewski in his volume “The Best Shoes in the World”. Another topic covered in the book and investigated in this article is the mechanisms of memory repression brought about by events of the Second World War. The most important topics and problems incorporated in Olszewski’s book are the erosion of memories of experiences during and after the war; the reasons for, and mechanisms of, this erosion; self-reflection on how memories determine our heritage; and the hiding and falsification of historical facts such as greed and collaboration. An important element of Olszewski’s narrative is how the past is commercialised in performances by reconstruction groups.

3

Wojsko, płeć i historia mówiona. O „kobiecych” opowieściach o doświadczeniu walki w czasie drugiej wojny światowej

80%

Stolarz A.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2014

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issue 2(7), Historia i płeć

113–133

XX

The human’s story about his/her experience is affected by many different factors. One of them is the specific social roles and expectations of both women and men. The text starts with this statement and considers it on the example of concrete material. I analyze the oral stories of women who participated in the battles of World War II: women who served in The Red Army (stories collected by Svetlana Alexievich and published in the book The Unwomanly Face of the War) and women who fought in the Warsaw Uprising (stories published in book form and available on the website of Oral History Archives of Warsaw Rising Museum). Referring to selected examples from this material, I try to show how the specific social roles and expectations of women, like for example the “mother-sitter” or “Pole-patriot” can affect women’s stories. How those roles can work on “official” way of telling about this experience. I consider also the oral history method. According to the statements that oral history is also a performance; I try to answer how the chosen model of this method may also influence the story in the context of gender.

4

Legal Regulation of Joint-stock Companies in the Bohemian Lands and its Changes during the Nazi occupation (1939–1945)

80%

Štolleová B.

Prager wirtschafts- und sozialhistorische Mitteilungen - Prague Economic and Social History Papers

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2018

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issue 27

75-93

EN

The paper examines some aspects of the legal framework of business in the Bohemian Lands during the Nazi Occupation. It focuses on changes in the legal regulation of joint-stock companies in annexed borderlands and in the later Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia and evaluates their consequences from the perspective of their own functioning and also in the wider context of the advancement of the occupier’s interests in the Bohemian and Moravian economy. The paper describes analogies and discrepancies between Czechoslovak and German stock law at the time of the constitutional changes in the autumn of 1938. It focuses on the regulations modifying the stereotypes inherent in the functioning of joint-stock companies and playing its role in the context of planned ownership changes. Included in the paper are regulations governing internal affairs in enterprises, i. e. administration and management of joint-stock companies (structure of the statutory bodies, competencies, and approval mechanisms), regulations affecting external company representation and regulations governing stock trading.

5

Privilegovaný malý spojenec. Kráľovská nórska vláda v spojeneckom Londýne

80%

Jakubec P.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2020

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issue 1

21-32

EN

During the Second World War, London hosted several Allied governments-in-exile. An unprecedented phenomenon in diplomatic history, the explosion of exile politics affected the position and agency of the Czechoslovak authorities. The aim of this study is to present basic, often status-related operational parameters of one of their lesser partners, the Royal Norwegian Government, which also strived to contribute to a sustainable balance in the mutual relationships of the “Grand Coalition” great powers.

6

Krystyna Jaworska, Dalla deportazione all’esilio. Percorsi nella letteratura polacca della Seconda guerra mondiale, Edizioni dell’Orso, Alessandria 2019, pp. 172.

80%

Quercioli L.

pl.it / rassegna italiana di argomenti polacchi

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2020

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issue 11

208-211

7

Wrzesień 1939 roku i elity Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej na kartach wspomnień "Nasza podróż" Eweliny Zaleskiej

80%

Czechowska K., Kania K.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2018

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issue 3(368)

291-309

EN

Ewelina Zaleska, an author of a presented diary, was a wife of August Zaleski, Polish diplomat, minister of foreign affairs (1926-1932, 1939-1941) and Polish president in exile (1947-1972). She wrote her memories “Our Journey” in September 1939, when the German-Polish and then World War II broke out. She first describes her journey from Psarskie in Greater Poland to Warsaw, where she reunites with her husband. After a few days they both decide to leave the country. In that respect they are similar to the Polish ruling elites, although with one major difference: Zaleski was not in public office at the moment, so he cannot be judged in the same way. Memories written by his wife shed a new light on this controversial decision of Polish officials, moreover, they are quite informative in their depiction of social life in the first month of the war as well as reactions of public opinion to somemajor events.

8

Dziennik Hansa Franka jako źródło historyczne do badań nad okupacją niemiecką podczas II wojny światowej

80%

Kłusek M.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2014

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vol. 19

88-97

EN

Official Hans Frank, not counting indexes includes 24 volumes of diaries and 11 volumes of minutes. Entries were conducted from 24 October, 1939 to April 3, 1945. It can be a great source of historical research into the German occupation during World War II. However, using the Journal, we must not forget the conditions under which arose and how it was given character – propaganda showing the construction of a new order in the East. Also be aware that the issues were not top secret protocols.

9

Between the Great Patriotic War and World War II: the Image of the War in Ukrainian Feature Films after 1991

80%

Gontarska O.

Institute of National Remembrance Review

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2021-2022

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vol. 3

273-285

EN

The article focuses on the examples of Ukrainian historical feature films set in World War II and the so-called “war after the war” in Ukraine. The images considered evade rigid categories, and show the diversity of cultural representations of the period in question, which constitute a field of negotiation between the narrative of the Great Patriotic War and World War II. Film images will be analysed as a historical sources for study of the perceptions of history. The article’s main goal is to answer the question of “whose history” is presented there. The text is intended to present the films as the result of the activities of the various actors involved in politics of history in its broad definition.

10

Relikty działań wojennych zarejestrowanych podczas badań archeologicznych na stanowisku militarnym 1–24 w Lesie Puławskim

80%

Mazurek M., Muzolf P., Sznajdrowska-Pondel A.

Raport

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2017

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vol. 12

199-212

EN

In 2016, during excavations on a military site, part 1-24, in Las Puławski, a number of remains connected with the 20th century warfare were found. The field fortifications included front-line trenches, communication trenches and shelters. The analysis of their size and function and the artefacts found in the fills indicate that only one of the fortifications may be connected with World War I. The rest of the trenches were built by the 1st Polish Army, which operated in the area in July and August 1944, during an unsuccessful attempt to cross the Vistula River between Puławy and Dęblin.

11

A Comparison of Italian Immigration to Rochester, NY, Before and After WWII

80%

Salamone F. A.

Anthropos?

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2018

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issue 27 W ruchu

45-84

EN

The main purpose of the article is to attempt to describe, analyse and interpret the experience of Italian immigrants in New York, in Rochester. Author of the dissertation compares the pre-war and post-war fate of immigrants. Furthermore, he is trying to find an anthropological sense and a cultural principle organizing the life of that specific ethnic group (symbols, rituals, strangers). The meaning of being a member of an ethnic group depends on both a specific situation and the total situation. The total boundary between groups must take in the total situation; that is, all the possible contacts in which a member of one ethnic group may come into contact with members of other such groups. Ethnic groups, in sum, exist to promote and organize interactions between and within groups organized on the mythic principle of common descent. Differences between those Italians who migrated to the United States before World War II and those who came after World War II can be understood through the framework of specific historical and cultural experience (mythic principle).

80%

Rzepecki S., Ryba-Kaczorowski A.

Raport

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2013

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vol. 8

395-402

EN

Apart from the relics of pre-historic settlement, the rescue excavations carried out at the site Borkowo 16 (AZP 13-43/209), Pruszcz Gdański commune, pomorskie vivodeship, recorded also the relics of war activities from March 1945. They made themselves manifest in the form of features – shooting pits, trenches and artillery fire positions – as well as artefacts – artillery shells and small arms, as well as fragments of ammunition. The historic discoveries are connected to the struggles for breaking the defence line of the German military units by the invading Red Army.

18

Silent hero. The metaphorical role of the ruins of Warsaw in Polish fiction films from 1949 to 1960

80%

Giza B.

Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication

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2017

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vol. 22

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issue 31

55-64

EN

The article is an analysis of the image of ruins of Warsaw in Polish feature films after World War II. There is a strong tendency to connect this image with the current political (and psychological) situation, from the enthusiasm of rebuilding Warsaw just after the war to the depressive moods of the late fifties and sixties. The ruins of the city are depicted as a symbol of political and social changes in Poland in this article.

19

Die deutsche Politik und die Reparationsfrage nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg: Eine kritische Bilanz unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Auseinandersetzungen mit Polen

80%

Roth K. H.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2019

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issue 1(370)

59-82

EN

The aim of the article is to present the problem of reparations. The issue of reparations remains a controversial and explosive chapter in the history of Europe after World War II. Whereas the larger victorious powers received some compensation in the years immediately after the war, the smaller European countries, as well as numerous victim groups, largely came away empty-handed. One of these countries is Poland, which to this day is calling for reparations to compensate for the plundering of its economy and for the victims of the massacres under the Nazi occupation. The article presents as a main problem the question, why to this day, the German elites have refused to pay reparations which take into account all victim groups and all the countries once occupied by Germany. In this article, the author explores the context, the strategic options and the tactics behind the German elites’ approach towards compensation – an approach which culminated in the issue of reparations being removed from the de facto peace treaty of 1990 (the ‘Two Plus Four Treaty’). The paper is based on various research methods, especially on survey of diplomatic documents and some studies published in Poland and Germany on the subject.

20

Ōkunoshima and Japan’s Chemical Arsenal: 1900-1945

80%

Doglia A.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2018

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issue 31

47-63

XX

Up until 1944, Japan had been developing its own chemical weapons programme. This arsenal was primarily produced in what would become the country’s largest facility, on the island of Ōkunoshima. Before the massive casualties inflicted on the continent, Japanese workers had been the first victims of the weapons of mass destruction they had been manufacturing. This paper seeks to provide a short overview of Japan’s chemical arsenal, taking into account the workers’ wartime conditions on the island. In the context of the rapid development of Western science at all costs, it will also highlight some of the structural deficiencies behind Japan’s military endeavours, and their immediate consequences.

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