Search results - CEJSH

1

Sex education of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in Poland

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GULCZYŃSKA A., WOJCIECHOWSKA A.

Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej

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2019

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issue 24

155-176

PL

Anna Gulczyńska, Aneta Wojciechowska, Sex education of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders in Poland. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 24, Poznań 2019. Pp. 155-176. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X.DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.24.09 The aim of this article is to present the results of research into how mothers of individuals with ASD perceive school sex education. The article aims to contribute to the discussion on the need to introduce changes in the Polish education system as far as the area of sexuality is concerned. The study was carried out in two parts, at time intervals. The results were obtained only from mothers, which corresponds with the conclusion that mothers talk about matters of sexuality more often than fathers do and with daughters rather than with sons. The results indicate that mothers want to influence the sex education of their children, at the same time having no knowledge of what topics they are pursuing or can pursue with their child during formal sex education at school (education for living in a family).

2

Wybrane aspekty dobrostanu psychicznego uczniów na różnych etapach edukacji. Doniesienia wstępne

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Kossakowska K., Zadworna M.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2019

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issue 54

EN

Good mental health in childhood and adolescence is a prerequisite for optimal development, effective learning, build satisfying relationships with people, taking care of one’s own physical health, and self-management in adult life. Psychological well-being means life satisfaction and covers various aspects of life: school, family, friends, hobbies, etc. Thus, the status of well-being among students is vital for their psychological functioning. The aim of the present study was to identify selected aspects of the mental well-being of students at different stages of education. Study participants included fifty-nine students aged between 12 and 19 years (both males and females). The participants filled out a questionnaire concerning various aspects of life satisfaction and social functioning, designed specifically for the study. The results show that girls are more satisfied from their lives than boys, but they assess their own’s coping competencies lower than boys. Younger students show higher levels of general life satisfaction and better coping skills, although they more often have conflicting relationships with teachers. The results suggest that particular attention should be paid to older students, especially girls.

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Przemoc i agresja u dzieci i młodzieży. O języku agresji

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Sileńska A., Szpunar K.

Człowiek i Społeczeństwo

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2020

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vol. 50

EN

Aggression is defined as the intentional action which causes pain and injury. The actions of an aggressive nature are designed to cause physical or mental harm to another person (Aronson, Wilson, & Akert, 1997). In contrast, violence is defined as an intentional action that goes beyond social norms and causes mental or physical pain (Pospiszyl, 1999). The article is concentrated on aggressive and violent language among children and adolescents. The term of ”language of aggression” has not been precisely defined yet. The language of aggression occurs the most when negative emotions and intentions are involved in the communication (Majchrzyk, 2002). The language of aggression is not only about using specific bad words but also about the way we speak. The article presents an overview of Polish and foreign literature concerning the issue of the language of aggression in children and adolescents. It shows why do teenagers and children use aggressive language, how is defined term of ”aggressive language” and what specialists can do to prevent such kind of problem.

4

Significant Influences on Nature Experiences: A Comparative Study of Southern German and Northern Spanish Pupils Aged 14-15

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Zecha S.

Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 1

23-42

EN

An understanding of the current situation of nature experiences among adolescents is of critical importance for the protection of nature. The participants of this study are 14-15 year-old pupils from Bavaria (Southern Germany) and Asturias (Northern Spain). In particular, the author was interested in a) the level of outdoor experiences of each group; b) the influence of independent factors, such as gender and environmental behaviour at home, upon nature experiences; c) the relationship between outdoor experiences and environmental knowledge, readiness to act and actual environmental behaviour; d) cultural differences between Asturian and Bavarian pupils. Using a standardised questionnaire, the data were collected in spring 2007. As the study showed, nature experiences can be separated into different dimensions. There are differences in the extent and type of influence nature experiences have on the samples of Bavaria and Asturias. The Asturian pupils have higher values in the dimension relating to their present situation and in their expectations of future nature experiences in comparison with the pupils in the sample of Bavaria. Also, it might be proven (with the help of regressions) that nature experiences may positively affect environmental knowledge, attitudes and actions. These results could potentially help educators and researchers to identify the aspects of existing in-school programmes and extra-curricular activities that need to be improved.

5

Manifestations of Aggression and Perception of Parental Attitudes – Comparative Studies. Changes over Time (New Version)

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Liberska H., Farnicka M.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2014

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issue 5(105)

128-147

EN

Results of some research performed in Poland have evidenced a relation between the aggressive behaviour of adolescents and the parental attitude perceived by them as improper. According to the results of the earlier studies of authors, significant differences were observed between the levels of aggression manifested by girls and boys and in certain dimensions the aggression of adolescent girls was higher than that of boys. Recently study was undertaken to check the stability of differences related to the sex and aggressive behaviour of adolescents. The research was conducted twice. First in the year 2002 (stage I) and again after 10 years in 2013 (stage II). The data for analysis were collected in the Questionnaire of Perception of Parental Attitudes composed by Plopa and the Questionnaire on Aggressive Behaviour prepared by Wójcik. At the stage I the subjects were 86 young people (56 girls and 30 boys) aged 17 – 19, and in stage II, in 2013, the subjects of the study were 80 adolescents (40 girls and 40 boys) aged 17 – 19. The comparative analysis of the results from 2002 and 2013 has shown a limited stability of relation between the perception of parental attitudes as improper and aggressive behavior of adolescents as well as sexual differentiations of aggressive behavior.

6

Mental practice of musically gifted adolescents

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Kaczmarek S.

Roczniki Psychologiczne

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2019

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vol. 22

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issue 4

353-371

EN

In the last decade, the growing interest in the subject of musicians’ mental practice has produced a significant increase in research on mental and instrumental practice. More than half of all the studies concerns professional musicians, and relatively little research is conducted on children or adolescents. The article will describe research on the mental practice of teenagers attending music schools in Poland and Germany. Questionnaire surveys answer the question of whether young people use mental practice, how they do it, and what the content of mental training while practicing an instrument is. The analysis suggests that gifted adolescents from both countries (1) do not use mental rehearsal very often and (2) use mental practice strategies in a similar way. What they differ in is the frequency of using mental practice as an integral part of their instrumental learning, using musical-analytical strategy, and the quality of mental practice. The study indicates the need to teach mental practice and its importance in increasing the effectiveness of instrumental practice.

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Dymensje autodestrukcji dzieci i młodzieży w wieku 12-19 lat. Perspektywa suicydologiczna

93%

Marlena Stradomska M.

Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2017

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issue 4(27)

185-195

EN

The aim of this article is an attempt to analyze modern threats in social awareness. Particular attention will be paid to loneliness, which is associated with various factors that may relate to interpersonal disorders, addiction, social pathologies, suicides or mental diseases. Reflection on the human condition in the twenty-first century can not ignore the spheres related to the issues of new media. Modernity is connected with the development of civilization or modernization of everyday life. Feeling negative emotions is associated with consequences that are undesirable for a person, such as suffering, insecurity, lack of sense of agency, low self-esteem, suicide attempts and other self-destructive behaviors. Often, the lack of social support and the ability to cope with difficulties are a source of suffering, burnout, despair or lack of satisfaction and willingness to do anything. Various forms of support are designed to ensure that help a person in achieving the desired objectives and provide psychological comfort, even in unfavorable circumstances.

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ВЗАЄМОДІЯ МЕТОДІВ ОЦІНКИ БІОЛОГІЧНОГО ВІКУ ХЛОПЧИКІВ-ПІДЛІТКІВ

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Ареф'єв В.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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issue 10(44)

65-74

EN

One of the directions of optimization of physical education at school is to use a differentiated approach at the lessons of physical culture. It enables every student to study in optimum mode and ensures the best health promoting effect. First of all, this concerns the differentiation of the methods of prescription of training loads. The basis of this view is the results of the research of individual-typological peculiarities of morpho-functional indices of school students of the same age and sex by any absolute or conditional marker or marker character. Research in this area is very important because of the significant differences in the values of morpho-functional indices of adolescents from the same class and of the same gender. Especially it concerns 14–15 year-old males and 12–13 year-old females. Here heterochronous nature of biological development of schoolchildren also affects variable manifestation of their motor skills. Today, the problem of differentiated physical education is still at the early stage of formation. The main obstacle to its realization is the multiplicity of methods to assess the biological age of school students: nine authors offer different indices and their combinations, approaches and techniques. Which method should be preferred and used for differentiated programming of health promoting and developing lessons of physical culture for students of general school? To find the answer to this question we have studied the consistency (interaction) of these methods. Results: none of the nine methods under study is sufficiently associated with the others. The methods are divided into the three groups: the first includes the methods of V. S. Solovieva, S. M. Grombakh, E. P. Stromskaya, and V. G. Vlastovskiy with a high degree of interaction between them (degree of coincidence is 91–100 %); the second group consists of the methods of V. G. Arefiev, I. I. Bakhrakh, and K. P. Dorozhnova with interaction at the above average level (75–90 %); and the third is composed of the methods of S. A. Pushkarev, B. A. Nikitiuk with interaction at the average level (50–70 %). Indices that combine the methods of the first group are the secondary signs of sexual maturation; those of the second group are the level of physical development, and those of the third group are heterochronous nature of growth and development of somatic characteristics of body type. Conclusion: the biological age of adolescent boys should be assessed in a complex way with the use of the methods of V. S. Solovieva, V. G. Arefiev, and S. A. Pushkarev.

9

Analysis of the correlation between body composition, construction and aerobic capacity in teenage team sport training

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Piotr Matłosz P., Jadwiga Michałowska J., Grzegorz Sarnik G., Jarosław Herbert J., Krzysztof Przednowek K., Renata Grzywacz R., Ewa Polak E.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2018

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issue 2

109-116

EN

Introduction. Research results indicate that a low level of physical fitness is associated with a high percentage of fat in the body and low levels of physical activity. The aim of this work was to assess the relationships between selected morphological indicators, and the level of aerobic capacity in adolescents attending the schools with team sports. Material and methods. The studies covered students participating in sports in middle school and high school; the study group included 90 boys aged 13-19 years. Body height and weight were measured as well as waist and hip circumference. Body weight components were assessed by using a Tanita Body Composition Analyzer. A Fitnessgram® test battery was used to assess physical fitness. Results. Research results indicates systematic increase of somatic characteristics such as weight, body height and waist and hips circuits with age. Taking into account the results obtained with the PACER test indicate a very good aerobic capacity of tested boys. Conclusions. Age is a factor that improves motor fitness of physically active adolescents. There is no linear relationship between BMI and fitness among the boys who regularly train team sports, but both lower and higher BMI values seem to be connected with lower physical fitness

10

Štruktúra zdravotnej gramotnosti u adolescentov

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Boberová Z., Ropovik I., Kolarčik P., Madarasová Gecková A., Paakkari L.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2019

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vol. 63

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issue 1

1-12

EN

Objectives. The current study dealt with the concept of health literacy in adolescents. The main aim of the study was to examine the structure of adolescents, health literacy. The aim was also to discuss the current need and potential for the development of adolescents, health literacy in educational setting. Sample and settings. The sample comprised 290 participants from four Slovak elementary schools. The participants were in the 7th and 9th grade. Adolescents, health literacy was measured using HLSAC with additional items approved by the HBSC expert group (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children). Hypothesis. The authors assumed that in the given population, health literacy falls along 5 theory-based distinct dimensions. Statistical analysis. Confirmatory factor analy- sis explicitly modeling the ordered categorical nature of the data was carried out. Results. As opposed to the hypothesized 5-factor structure, unequivocally collinear relationships between the proposed factors strongly suggested that health literacy is unitary in the given population. An overall sum score can thus be regarded an internally consistent proxy for the underlying construct. Study limitations. Cluster sampling. Sample size not allowing for the comparison of the latent structure across levels of age and gender.

11

Adolescents Perceptions of Health Education in Secondary Schools: The Need for a Dialectical, Practical and Transcultural Proposal

93%

Cala V. C., Soriano-Ayala E., González A. J.

Practice and Theory in Systems of Education

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2016

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vol. 11

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issue 1

27-35

EN

Health education in Spanish schools is still considered as a controversial subject, which Educational laws and programs have always faced ambiguously. This report presents adolescents’ opinion about health education in their schools. In particular, which curricular and extracurricular aspects are being developed, and which strengths and problems related to health education they identify in their educational centers. Based on the situational analysis, we make a quick diagnosis of the state in which health education stands, in order to find a starting point for the improvement. We conducted 15 depth interviews with Romanian and Spanish students in 3 teaching centers of the South of Spain. The qualitative analysis of data was carried out using Atlas Ti, version 7. The results show that participants do not consider schools as the main source of health learning, while family, peers and technologies are seen as more significant agents. In secondary schools, most of the information related to health is received through outside educational programs, and it is seen as ineffective because they are partial, merely informative and not continuous over time. The main health problems in secondary schools identified were stress and bullying, and we may consider as relevant the existence of discrimination based on origin or precedence. Furthermore, participants provide an essentialized, stereotyped and inferior vision of health in other foreign continents (Africa) and religions (Islam). Adolescents portrays a School far from health, with a traditional health education model and a biomedical conception of health. This scenario suggest a need to bring back the Perugia School approach based on developing dialectical, praxiological and transcultural methodologies and where students could get involved and participate in their own health learning.

12

Osobowość młodzieży chorej na cukrzycę

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Szymańska S.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica

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2000

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vol. 04

13

Kształtowanie się tożsamości w okresie adolescencji a podejmowanie zachowań ryzykownych w obszarze używania alkoholu przez młodzież

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Jankowiak B., Wojtynkiewicz E.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2018

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issue 48

169-185

EN

The adolescence period is a time in which appear some significant adjustments concerning one’s identity. Adolescents, both males and females, have to undertake new forms of behaviour and experiment in order to determine their own place in the society and to find the answer to the question ‘who am I?’. Risk behaviours, including using alcohol by young people during adolescence, are supposed to meet the developmental challenges, bearing in mind personal resources and limitations occurring in the context of the development of an adolescent. The article presents a discussion concerning the meaning of a developing identity in using alcohol by adolescents as well as the proper understanding of teenagers’ identity dilemmas when relevant psychological and pedagogical interventions are chosen.

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Normatywność emocji w sytuacji suicydalnej u dzieci i młodzieży w wieku 12-19 lat

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Stradomska M.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2017

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issue 1(18)

45-52

EN

This article will refers to the normative nature of emotions in the suicidal situation of children and adolescents aged 12-19. Suicides are a huge problem for the 21st century civilization. Many countries have negative birth rates (The World Factbook –Poland: -0,11, 2014), suicide continues to be committed by very young people. The normality of emotion in suicide attempt is worth exploring subject. Suicidal thoughts, attempts or suicide are stigmatized in society - these actions are a departure from accepted principles or norms. Emotions, especially the negative ones, are an inseparable part of the suicide process. Due to the dangers that occur in the present day, it is worth paying attention to preventive and preventive measures directed mainly to the youngest representatives of society.

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Overenie použiteľnosti amerických noriem MMPI-A pre slovenskú populáciu

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Vavrová M., Mathé R., Popelková M.

Psychologie a její kontexty

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2013

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vol. 4

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issue 1

71-79

EN

This article examines the cross-national application of American MMPI- A´s norms and examines their applicability to the Slovak adolescent population. The authors of MMPI perceive American norms as intercultural applicable. This assumption was verified by comparing the scores of American and Slovak population on the validity indicators, clinical, content and supplementary scales. The results showed significant differences between scores of the Slovak adolescents and the American norms and consequently a need for developing new norms applicable to this new population.

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Noví mladí Masaryci? Podpora demokracie a jejích principů u českých adolescentů

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Šerek J.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2017

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vol. 53

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issue 2

181-208

XX

This article investigates levels and predictors of support for democracy and two democratic principles (free speech and minority rights) among Czech 14- to 17-year-olds. An analysis of survey data collected in primary and secondary schools in four regions in 2014 (N = 1,959) reveals that among young Czechs general support for a democratic regime is relatively independent from more specific pro-democratic attitudes (although there is an association between general support for democracy and the abstract principle of freedom of speech). On a general level, democracy was supported by about two-thirds of adolescents in the sample. Similar or even higher levels of support were found for the two principles of democracy when presented in abstract terms. However, when these principles were presented to them in specific, less clear-cut contexts, support for them was much lower. Specifically, despite their strong support for free speech, about half of respondents supported restricting unconventional political activism. Moreover, a similar proportion of participants seemed to downplay minority rights when the majority rule was emphasised. Results of the analysis also revealed that support for different aspects of democracy was predicted by various psychological and socioeconomic factors.

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Emočná inteligencia vo vzťahu k situačne-špecifickému zvládaniu

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Baumgartner F., Wirtz Z.

Psychologie a její kontexty

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2013

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vol. 4

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issue 2

3-13

EN

It was supposed that emotional intelligence (EI) influences process of coping with stressful situations in direction of using effective coping routines. We carried out research in which we studied the relation between emotional intelligence and coping in specific situations. The sample consisted of 6th and 7th graders of public elementary school (125 children, 72 girls, 53 boys). EI was measured as an ability with STEU test (Situational test of emotional understanding). Coping was measured with PBSS Scale (Possibilities of behavior in stressful situations), which contents 6 situations from school and family context and 13 variants of coping behavior in these situations. Results point out that relation between emotional intelligence and coping is determined by specific contextual situations. This means it differentiates in dependency to content of events and situations and it doesn´t have a universal character.

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Personal Resources as Factors Concerning Adolescent’s Interests. Identity Implications

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Konaszewski K., Żyłkiewicz-Płońska E.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2017

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issue 2(116)

156-167

EN

Interests allow young people to define themselves, encourage the formation of positive elements of their own identity, and give value and importance to their own activities. The issues related to the components of young people’s identities have been a subject of increasing research interest in recent years. As it has been determined, there is a lack of data in Poland regarding the role of educational environments in shaping a positive identity based on the development of young people’s interests. The purpose of the study is to identify the general level of interests among adolescents. Additionally, it is important to determine whether the level of interests is linked to sense of coherence and resilience. The study was carried out on a sample of 635 adolescents of both genders, aged 14-18 years old. The participants were students of lower secondary schools of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. The following research tools were used in the study: Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-29), Resilience Scale (SPP-18), and author’s own measurement tool: Level of Interests Measurement Scale. In the sample of adolescents, general sense of coherence and sense of comprehensibility proved to be positively correlated with general level of interests. Regression analysis demonstrated the significance of psychological resilience components and sense of coherence factors that support the development of interests. Preventive and educational work should aim to support the shaping of a positive and creative identity by stimulating the potentials, resources and talents of young people. Young people’s passions and interests should be stimulated and encouraged towards creating a positive identity.

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Study on Adolescents’ Awareness of Life. Comparative Study between the Projection of Hungarian Adolescents’ Awareness of Life of Transylvania and Hungary

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Albert-Lőrincz E., Albert-Lőrincz M., Kádár A., Lukács-Márton R., Kovács R.

The New Educational Review

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2008

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vol. 14

65-90

EN

In our research the quality of life is always used in connection with health, and we consider it as concomitant of harmonious social adaptation. The subjective experience of quality of life is awareness of life, well-being, comfort, which may equally refer to the cognitive side, to how much one is satisfied with his/her life, as well as to the affective side, which can be measured by the frequency of experienced positive emotional states, by how often one is happy, contented. The perceived quality of life could be defined depending on more factors and it is related to health behaviour and the success of adaptation. The present research analyses to what extent satisfaction with life, attitude to future, sense of control, relationship with parents/friends, contentment with achievement, effectiveness of self-realization and psycho-somatic well-being affect the quality of life of adolescents living in different geographical, socio-cultural milieus. We consider our hypothesis justified, according to which the contemporary adolescents are not characterized by positive awareness of life, and this negatively affects the past-present-future integration, mostly the attitude towards future, the struggle for inner control, the psycho-somatic functioning, in all the adolescents’ quality of life. The examined adolescents more or less possess the inner and outer (psychic) conditions for harmonious adaptation, if they choose values that really constitute the basis for a healthy way of life, but we should not forget those endangered adolescents who in case of the absence of proper intervention may struggle with adaptation problems, or may become deviant. The development of school mental hygiene, the introduction of proper preventive programmes is therefore vital for them.

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Hope for Success Is Where Your Locus of Control Is. A Psychological Analysis of Relationships Between Hope for Success and Locus of Control in Polish Adolescents

93%

Łubianka B., Filipiak S.

The New Educational Review

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2024

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vol. 77

197-207

EN

The study aims to investigate relationships between various dimensions of locus of control and hope for success. 495 secondary school students aged 14 to 16 (Mage = 15.54, SD = 0.53) were surveyed. Hope for success was measured using Łaguna et al.’s Questionnaire of Hope for Success. Locus of control was assessed using the Questionnaire of Locus of Control. The results indicate that the two variables are interrelated. The present findings can be used in designing educational activities to support secondary school students’ sense of agency.

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