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Mezi slovanskou vzájemností a orientalismem : české zobrazování Podkarpatské Rusi a jejích obyvatel v publicistice dvacátých let minulého století

100%
Holubec S.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2016
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vol. 23
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issue 4
529-562
EN
a2_Czechs, according to the author, often described themselves as rational and efficient bearers of Western Civilization, but were, they felt, sometimes excesively lenient or idealistic. A quite different picture of Carpathian Ruthenia, the author argues, was offered by the journalism of the Czechoslovak Communists. In the 1920s, the Communists were the strongest political party here and it was mainly their discourse that established the narrative about a Czech bourgeois dictatorship, occupation, and colonial practices. In the concluding sections of the article, the author presents a summary of how, from the 1930 to the present, Carpathian Ruthenia was present in Czech cultural memory and Czechoslovakia was present in the cultural memory and history of Carpathian Ruthenia.
CS
a2_Další dvě zdejší etnické skupiny, Maďary a Židy, naproti tomu Češi zobrazovali převážně negativně, jako orientálce protikladné Evropanům, jejichž vliv je nutné marginalizovat. Podobně záporné hodnocení platilo také pro podkarpatské komunisty, ukrajinské emigranty a řeckokatolickou církev. Sami Češi se podle autora často charakterizovali jako racionální a efektivní nositelé západní civilizace, avšak někdy též jako příliš mírní nebo idealističtí. Zcela odlišný obraz Podkarpatské Rusi, jak ukazuje autor, nabízela publicistika československých komunistů. Ti zde byli ve dvacátých letech nejsilnější politickou stranou a jejich diskurz nastoloval především narativ české buržoazní diktatury, okupace a koloniálních praktik. V závěrečných kapitolách studie podává autor přehled o tom, jak byla od třicátých do současnosti Podkarpatská Rus přítomná v české kulturní paměti a jak je Československo přítomno v kulturní paměti a historii Zakarpatí.
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Příroda na prahu atomového věku : Obraz jaderné energetiky a životního prostředí v publicistice socialistického Československa

100%
Kůželová M.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2017
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vol. 24
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issue 1-2
102-126
EN
Based on textx excerpted from Czechoslovak periodicals and dailies of that time the study shos changes of the image of nuclear power and nuclear energy in Czechoslovakia between the 1950s and the 1980s, as well as the position of environmental issues in it. In the 1950s, the image prevailing in periodicals and dailies was that of harnessed and transformed nature, with the anticipated arrival of nuclear power plants presented as a natural replacement of coal-fired plants necessitated by limited coal reserves. At that time there were no doubts about the ''cleanliness'' of nuclear power plants. In the decades that followed, the strategy of authors, often experts in the field and promoters of science, changed, as the ''nuclear optimism'' was ebbing. They started, albeit cautiously, admitting a possibility of health; however, referring to accurate data, they were also downplaying the risk, claiming it was highly unlikely. The authoress contextualizes the Czechoslovak nuclear energy discourse, showing that there were no significant differences from the general ''nuclear optimism'' prevailing in the Soviet Union, United States or France; however, since the mid-1960s, and particularly since the following decade, the shape and form of the discourse in the Soviet Bloc diverged from that in the West considerably. In Czechoslovakia, the discourse was monopolized and no texts questioning the Czechoslovak orientation on nuclear energy could be officially published. The inertia of the positive image of nuclear power in Czechoslovak journalism was made possible not only by the socialist dictatorship, but also by a continuity of authors. In this respect, there were never a question whether to use nuclear power or not; the question was how to develop it in a way guaranteeing a sufficient level of environmental protection and safety of nuclear power plants.
CS
a2_Autorka československý diskurz o jaderné energii kontextualizuje a ukazuje, že zatímco v padesátých letech se nijak zásadně nelišil od všeobecného ,,atomového optimismu'', vládnoucího stejně tak v Sovětském svazu, Spojených státech nebo Francii, od druhé poloviny šedesátých let, a zejména následující dekády se podoba tohoto diskurzu v sovětském bloku a na Západě značně diferencovala. V Československu byla jeho produkce monopolizována a texty zpochybňující československou orientaci na jadernou energetiku nemohly být oficiálně publikovány. Setrvačnost pozitivního obrazu jaderné energetiky v československé publicistice byla umožněna podmínkami socialistické diktatury, ale také personální kontinuitou autorů. Otázka zde nikdy nezněla, jestli jaderná energetika ano, či ne, ale jak při jejím rozvoji zajistit dostatečnou ochranu životního prostředí a bezpečnost jaderných elektráren.
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Od patvaru k SuperStar: frekvenční a kolokační analýza názvu Česko v korpusové publicistice z let 1990-2018

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Drkošová V., Místecký M.
Národopisný věstník
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2022
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vol. 63
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issue 1
99-115
EN
The paper focuses on the frequency and collocation analyses of Česko (“Czechia”), the short, geographical name of our country, in the opinion journalism section of the eight-version SYN corpus, which comprises texts from the period of 1990−2018. Within the scope of the research, the period was divided into several sections, which are delineated by the breakthrough political and cultural events (the Czech Republic entering NATO, the Czech Republic entering the EU, climax of the first season of the Pop Idol-based contest Czechia Is Looking for a SuperStar, etc.). The frequency analysis is based on the relativization via i.p.m.; the collocability force is counted on the grounds of the logDice index, which is easy to be interpreted linguistically, and independent of the corpus size. The goal of the study is to capture basic motivations which led to the popularisation of the name and its expansion in the given discourse (e.g. the influences of other one-word names of states, sport commentaries, popular contests, and generation change). It is possible to sum up that the Česko name is employed in a variety of contexts, and its usage can be seen as unmarked.
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Thematization of place names in opinion journalism : Czech exile politicians’ radio speeches between 1938 and 1945

80%
Davidová Glosarová J., David J.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 1
7-23
EN
This text focuses on place names and their thematization in Czech opinion journalism in the mid-20th century. After describing general features of the thematization of proper names and the ways in which this process is accomplished – i.e. (re-)semantization through the use of collocations, onymic allusions, and symbolization –, the authors turn their attention to a qualitative textual analysis of political speeches. The collection consists of radio speeches given by exiled Czech politicians based in London and Moscow during the Second World War. The texts reflect a broad spectrum of Czech politicians, ranging from democrats (Edvard Beneš, Prokop Drtina, Jan Masaryk, Jaroslav Stránský, Jan Šrámek) to Communists and their sympathizers (Zdeněk Fierlinger, Klement Gottwald, Zdeněk Nejedlý).
CS
Studie se zabývá toponymy a jejich tematizací v české publicistice 20. století. Na pozadí obecných charakteristik tematizace proprií a způsobů její realizace, např. (re)sémantizace prostřednictvím kolokací, onymických aluzí a symbolizace, se zaměřuje na kvalitativní textovou analýzu politických projevů. Analyzovaný korpus textů zahrnuje rozhlasové projevy českých exilových politiků působících v době druhé světové války v Londýně a Moskvě. Texty odrážejí širokou škálu politického spektra, od demokratů (Edvard Beneš, Prokop Drtina, Jan Masaryk, Jaroslav Stránský, Jan Šrámek) ke komunistům a jejich sympatizantům (Zdeněk Fierlinger, Klement Gottwald, Zdeněk Nejedlý).
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Umělec v (pre)modernistickém smyslu: ohlas Máchova díla v literární publicistice po roce 1858

80%
Charypar M.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2021
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vol. 69
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issue 5
571-604
EN
This study seeks an answer to the question when and how the Czech romantic K. H. Mácha (1810–1836) started to be seen as a “modern” poet who could inspire authors writing decades after his death. The study proves that the image of “modern” Mácha as the first Czech poet to achieve the autonomy of art already existed between 1860 and 1890, and that Mácha’s artistic reputation grew constantly throughout the second half of the 19th century. This argument is based on a vast amount of evidence, mostly taken from literary journalism and criticism between 1858 and 1910 (the latter year seeing the centenary of Mácha’s birth).
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Český Brad Pitt, moravská Mata Hari - antroponymické variování v současné české publicistice:

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David J., Davidová Glogarová J.
Acta onomastica
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2020
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vol. 61
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issue 2
287-298
EN
The goal of the study is to present the metaphorical usage of personal names in the newspaper opinion articles contained in the Czech National Corpus. The analysis is aimed at attributive collocations with adjectival forms český/moravský/slezský (Czech, Moravian, Silesian), and pražský/brněnský/ostravský (Prague ‒ Praha, Brno, Ostrava in the adjectival forms) + personal names referring to well-known foreign people, e.g., česká Edith Piaf, moravský Edison. The research showed that the attributive constructions are more frequent in serious newspapers than in tabloids. The Czech society orientation towards the Western, Euro-American civilization is illustrated with the continents (Europe, North America) and states (the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States of America) to which the selected personal names refer to. The formal aspects of the names are also examined ‒ e.g., their orthography, morphology, coinages of Czech female forms of male surnames and of hypocoristic forms, as well as their usage in communication (e.g., multireference of the construction to various people).
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Slovo, hlas, médium. K esteticko-ideové povaze rozhlasových esejů Jana Čepa v době studené války

80%
Wiendl J.
Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense
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2020
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vol. 17
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issue 2
80-91
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Varianty a variování zeměpisných názvů v českém politickém diskurzu 1945-1989:

80%
David J., Rupińska A.
Acta onomastica
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2020
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vol. 61
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issue 2
299-310
EN
The study is aimed at variants and variation of place names in the Czech political discourse in the period between 1945 and 1989. It is illustrated with the place names Podkarpatská Rus / Zakarpatská Ukrajina (Carpathian Ruthenia / Zakarpatia), Bahía de Cochinos / Zátoka sviní (Bahía de Cochinos / Bay of Pigs), and Falklandy / Malvíny (the Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas). The usage of a particular form (variant) and the substitution of a place name for its variant reflect the process of their politicization and ideological presentation in that-time political journalism. It also shows their usage in symbolic and metaphorical ways through their occurrences in specific collocations. The analysis is based on the Rudé právo newspaper, the official medium of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
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Druhý život postav Haškova Švejka - antroponyma v korpusové perspektivě

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David J., Davidová Glogarová J.
Acta onomastica
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2024
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vol. 65
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issue 2
265-276
EN
The study deals with the second life of personal names in Jaroslav Hašek’s novel Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války [The Good Soldier Švejk And His Fortunes in the World War]. Considering the distinct character types and their denotative potential, it focuses on the following topics: 1) appellativized forms of the characters’ proper names and their word-formation characteristics (e.g., the type švejk – švejkovat, švejkovina, švejkovský, etc.); 2) the use of characters’ proper names in contemporary opinion journalism as metaphorical and metonymic designations, as well as in quotations (e.g., “Tak nám prodali krematorium, paní Müllerová.” [“Well, so they sold the crematorium on us, Mrs. Müller.”]). The analysis is based on the opinion journalism corpus of the Czech National Corpus SYN, version 11.
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Tematická koncentrace textu - některé aspekty autorského stylu Ladislava Jehličky

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Davidová Glogarová J., Čech R.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2013
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vol. 96
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issue 5
234-245
EN
Analysis of thematic concentration is a method for the detection of thematic words and quantification of thematic concentration in a text. This method was applied to articles by the Czech Catholic writer and journalist Ladislav Jehlička from the period 1936-1942. The aim was to compare two sets of texts: texts that are considered by literary theorists to be ‘problematic’ due to their expression of extreme right-wing views, and texts that are ‘neutral’, dealing only with general social questions. We expect that, in view of the choice of theme, the ‘problematic’ texts will be more influenced by the author’s ideological stance, which in turn will be reflected in the linguistic characteristics of the texts. We then compare texts published under Jehlička’s real name with those which appeared under the pseudonym ‘Eljen’. The results reveal a surprisingly small presence of words expressing a right-wing stance or ‘problematic’ themes (e.g., fascism, Jewish) among so called thematic words as well as an independence of the thematic concentration of ideology. Finally, a non-significant difference between Jehlička’s and Eljen’s texts can be viewed as a proof of the author’s relatively stable style.
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Analýza tematické koncentrace textu: komparace publicistiky Ladislava Jehličky a Karla Čapka

71%
Glogarová Davidová J., David J., Čech R.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2013
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vol. 74
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issue 1
41-54
EN
This study analyzes the thematic characteristics of journalistic texts written by the Czech Catholic intellectual and journalist Ladislav Jehlička (1916-1996) and the writer, journalist and representative of pre-war democracy Karel Čapek (1890-1938). The main aim of the article is to illustrate how Jehlička’s pre-war journalism does not correspond to what has been generally accepted by the majority of literary critics - that it is a mere manifestation of his sympathy for nationalism, Nazism, and Fascism. The methodology used was, based on the quantitative characteristics of the text, the analysis of the thematic concentration. The study detected unexpected similarities between both authors; specifically, it revealed that the texts by Jehlička and Čapek are focused on the same problems, e.g. young people and their future, the role of political parties and the circumstances determining a nation’s existence.
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Medailony a nekrology českých lingvistů a lingvistek - vybrané aspekty žánru

71%
David J., Halatová H.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2025
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vol. 108
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issue 2
93-107
EN
The study focuses on the analysis of biographical sketches and obituaries published in the key domain journals Naše řeč (1916–2023) and Slovo a slovesnost (1935–2023). It focuses on the characteristics of biographical sketches and obituaries in terms of their content, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches (keyword analysis). The corpus consisted of 262 texts from Naše řeč and 180 texts from Slovo a slovesnost which met the thematic criteria for a biographical sketch or an obituary. The comparative analysis – focusing on texts dedicated to four prominent linguists (František Daneš, Miloš Dokulil, Josef Filipec, Bohuslav Havránek) against the backdrop of other commemorative texts – focuses on two goals. The first is the structural characterization of the biographical sketches and obituaries (headline, introduction, body, conclusion), the second is a content analysis (of the way in which the individual and their research field are presented), based on keyword analysis.
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Objektivní a vyvážené informace ve vysílání - racionální požadavek, či iluze?

61%
Svoboda T.
Právník. Teoretický časopis pro otázky státu a práva (The Lawyer - Scientific Review for Problems of State and Law)
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2023
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vol. 162
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issue 5
393-414
EN
The article provides a critical analysis of the requirements of objective and balanced information in broadcasting, which are contained in Act No. 231/2001 Coll., on the Operation of Radio and Television Broadcasting and on Amendments to Other Acts, as amended, and also in the previous legislation. The article attempts to explain the nature of these requirements in the current social context. It comes to the general conclusion that these requirements are intended to represent general ideas of journalistic ethics and related ethical standards, which (in the case of some programmes, especially news programmes) are actually enforced through state supervision of radio and television broadcasting. This framework seems rational, at least in terms of the congruence of the public interest towards which both journalistic ethics and state supervision of broadcasting are in principle aimed. From this perspective, the so-called new media, which may replace the “traditional” media in practice and which are generally more loosely regulated by law (and to which the comparable requirement of objectivity and balance of information does not usually apply), appear problematic. The future solution to this disparity may be both to strengthen the regulation of the new media and/or to deregulate the traditional media in some way.
CS
Článek se zaměřuje na kritickou reflexi požadavků objektivity a vyváženosti poskytovaných informací, které jsou obsaženy v zákoně č. 231/2001 Sb., o provozování rozhlasového a televizního vysílání a o změně dalších zákonů, ve znění pozdějších předpisů, a v základu taktéž v předcházející právní úpravě. Článek se pokouší o přiblížení podstaty těchto požadavků v aktuálních společenských souvislostech. Dochází k obecnému závěru, že tyto požadavky mají reprezentovat obecné představy o žurnalistické etice a související základní etické standardy, které jsou (pro případ některých pořadů, zejména pořadů zpravodajských) fakticky vynucovány prostřednictvím státního dozoru nad rozhlasovým a televizním vysíláním. Tato konstrukce se zdá být racionální přinejmenším v rovině shodnosti veřejného zájmu, ke kterému v principu směřuje jak žurnalistická etika, tak státní dozor nad vysíláním. Problematická se z tohoto pohledu jeví tzv. nová média, která mohou média „tradiční“ v praxi nahrazovat a která jsou obecně volněji právně regulována (a srovnatelný požadavek objektivnosti a vyváženosti informací se na ně zpravidla neuplatňuje). Budoucím řešením této disproporce může být jak posílení regulace nových médií, tak určitá forma deregulace médií tradičních.
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