Search results - CEJSH

1

O władzy ludzi nad zwierzętami w kulturze zachodniej – perspektywa posthumanistyczna

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Gajewska G.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2015

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issue 11

213-235

PL

In this paper, I discuss the problem of human ascendance over animals. The issue is particularly important and often addressed in contemporary intellectual current referred to as posthumanism. In this framework, the interest in humanity is not abandoned, but one departs from the anthropocentric approach. The prefix “post” denotes a shift of focus, from problems and intellectual positions which underline the privileged status of the human to non-anthropocentric attitudes. These are non-anthropocentric humanities, although the designation itself is paradoxical, and undermines the legitimacy of the humanities in general, since anthropos is the principal subject of research of the discipline and the humanistic approach. For those reasons, “non-anthropocentric humanities” and other ones as well, such as “non-humanist anthropology”, “anthropology of objects”, “anthropology of cyborgs” or finally “posthumanities” provoke reservations. Still, this is a problem which always appears when appropriate words are lacking to describe a set of new tendencies, directions of research or intellectual approaches which have not yet developed a suitable terminology. The prefix “post” suggests that new phenomena cannot be rendered by means of the former notions and categories; new methods which make it possible have to be sought. In the case of notions such as “non-anthropocentric humanities” and “posthumanities”, the important thing is that they forecast as change of the dominant in the tendencies, directions and methods of (post)humanistic studies. They do not draw upon humanism as a specific approach to the world in whose centre one finds the human being, but to the non-essentialist and non-hierarchically oriented posthumanism.

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A comparative study of environmental awareness among students pursuing Bachelor’s studies in selected academic fields at the University of Warsaw, Poland

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Kalinowska A., Szkop Z., Wiśniewski R.

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

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2016

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vol. 4

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issue 2

17-25

EN

The present investigation has been conducted to compare the level of environmental awareness among the University of Warsaw Bachelor students of selected fields of study, which are: economics, geography and environmental protection. Diagnostic survey method was used to collect data from 180 students. The research interviewees included 60 economics students (equivalent to 33.3% of all respondents), 56 geography students (31.1% of respondents) and 64 environmental science students (35.6% of respondents). The gender division was as follows: 119 females (66.1% of all respondents) and 61 males (33.9%) took part in the research. The survey consisted of two parts. The main part - “The study of environmental awareness” - referred to the dependent variable. Respondents were asked to provide answers to 21 questions. Twenty of them were closed-ended questions, while one was open-ended. The second part was demographics, which referred to independent variable – selected socio-demographic characteristics of respondents. The data were subjected to descriptive and chi-square analyses. Statistical analysis software STATA for Windows was used for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at 5%. The study showed that the field of study significantly affects the answers declared by students in 6 of 21 questions (number: 6, 8, 11, 12, 16 and 20). Gender significantly affects the answers declared by students in 2 questions (number: 2 and 10). It can therefore be assumed that field of study had much stronger influence on student’s level of environmental awareness than their gender.

3

Rodzina w⁠ dobie kryzysu ekologicznego – perspektywa teologiczna

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Broszczak I.

Family Forum

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2012

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vol. 2

89-106

EN

There is a lot that we can read and speak about ecology today, but also about its crisis. Searching for reasons of environmental degradation we can notice the problem of people’s desire to possess and dominate over creation. Such an attitude of the man is denying the will of God, which was presented to people at the very beginning of their existence: God blessed them and said to them, "Be fruitful and increase in number; fill the earth and subdue it. Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and over every living creature that moves on the ground." Then God said, "I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food…” (Genesis 1, 28-29). A new chance for the man and the created world is a family, where the man can experience the presence of God and pursue his vocation of love to the created world. A family and joint actions undertaken give the possibility of changing not only the destroyed nature, but the man as well. The family is the prime performer of God’s command to care about the created world. That is the man living in a family, according to the God’s will, who is supposed to rule over the earth in a responsible way and with love. That is why it so important for a family nowadays, in times of ecological crisis, to live ecologically. Healthy lifestyle together with respect for the whole creation make up a⁠ platform for understanding among people and a chance for appropriate implementation of God’s “ecological command”. To fulfill obediently God’s command of human service towards natural environment it is necessary to know what contemporary ecological threats are. One of the ways to protect nature, among many concerns for the work of God’s creation, is an environmental attitude towards procreation, which, in the family, reflects a servant attitude towards others, an attitude which is focused on giving and not on possessing or using. Man’s responsibility for his family „here and now”, but also for future generations that are going to possess the earth with all its stock – good and bad, is enormous. It is all the more necessary to form people’s sense of responsibility for preserving creation, scrupulous environmental attitude and knowledge about possible forms of family involvement in the affairs of ecology. It is necessary to retreat from the way of economical splendor and change the mode of thinking and acting in order to fulfill the assumptions. It is also necessary to realize that the possibility of the cooperation with God in the creative plan of the earth is God’s gift, great privilege for man.

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Impact of the global green factor on the capitalization of oil companies in Russia

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Filimonova I., Komarova A., Mishenin M.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2020

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vol. 11

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issue 2

309-324

EN

Research background: This paper studies the impact of a new so-called green factor on the capitalization of petroleum companies, which is becoming highly relevant in view of the signing of the Paris agreements in 2015 and the support for clean energy. Although society, international organizations, and government authorities encourage companies to reduce their environmental impact, one of the main reasons for responsible behavior is still economic efficiency. The oil industry, on the one hand, faces one of the most volatile markets and, on the other hand, has one of the largest environmental impacts of any industry. That requires a detailed study of interconnections between market capitalization and the green factor. Purpose of the article: A comprehensive study of factors affecting the level of capitalization of oil and gas companies in Russia and identification of the most significant among them with a special focus on the green factor. Methods: Econometric analysis of panel data for Russian petroleum companies. The database includes indicators for six major Russian oil companies from 2011 to 2018. The following groups of factors are analyzed to explain the change in the companies' capitalization: macroeconomic (GDP and inflation in Russia), microeconomic (companies' revenue, net profit, tax payment, return on assets, return on equity, ratio of borrowed capital to equity), industrial (oil export, refining, production and proven reserves of the companies), and the green factor. Findings & Value added: The selection of factors showed that the size of capitalization has been influenced most significantly by the following: the volume of the company's proven reserves, net profit, tax burden, and the green factor based on the policy of minimizing environmental damage. This result shows that investors consider companies with high environmental performance to be more valuable than companies with similar financial results but lower environmental ratings.

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“But what a place / to put a piano”: Nostalgic Objects in Robert Minhinnick’s Diary of the Last Man

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Handley A.

Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture

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2019

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issue 9

331-344

EN

In 2003, Martin Rees referred to the present as “mankind’s final century.” A few years later, Slavoj Žižek wrote that humankind is heading towards “apocalyptic zero-point,” when the ecological crisis will most probably lead to our complete destruction. In his 2017 collection, Diary of the Last Man, Welsh poet Robert Minhinnick offers readers a meditation upon Earth at a liminal moment-on the brink of becoming completely unpopulated. Imagining a solitary human being, living in the midst of environmental collapse, Minhinnick yet entwines different voices-human and non-human-operating across vast spans of time. The speaker of the poems moves freely through different geographies and cultural contexts, but the voice that starts and ends the journey, seems to be the voice of the poet himself: he is the last man on earth, a survivor of ecological disaster. The paper discusses Minhinnick’s collection as a projection of the world we now inhabit into a future where it will exist only in the form of nostalgic memories. The analysis focuses on the role of objects in the construction of the world-within-the poem, where the fragments of human civilization are being claimed by forces of the environment-engulfing sand, progressive erosion-forming a retrospective vision of our “now” which will inevitably become our “past.”

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Rola środków Unii Europejskiej w realizacji ekologicznych zobowiązań zawartych w Traktacie Akcesyjnym

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Berbeka K.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

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2006

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vol. 209

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issue 7-8

27-46

EN

The author attempts to define the role of European Union funds in the implementation of the EU’s acquis communautaire. He identifies the weaknesses of the existing strategic programs dealing with these issues. The research method involved an attempt to balance the predicted needs and available capital with the use of a special computer model that enables a multi-variant analysis of available funds and their variable distribution over time. The research project presented by the author consisted of the following stages: identifying investment needs linked with the implementation of the environmental acquis; preparing a forecast for available domestic and foreign sources, along with a schedule for granting assistance; comparing the needs and available resources; defining the role of EU assistance in financing specific projects; and preparing relevant recommendations. The analysis points to a few threats to the feasibility of individual objectives mentioned in the Accession Treaty, chiefly those specified for 2010. In all variants of the model, resources available under operational programs for regional development and earmarked for environmental protection are a key supplement to the Cohesion Fund. The main conclusion of the research is the need to coordinate efforts at the central and regional levels (with independent provincial programs), along with the need to maintain the planned targets of investment in environmental protection. Poor coordination and failure to move EU funds to other priorities pose a real threat to meeting the Accession Treaty obligations.

7

The Command to Rule over the Creation (Gen 1:26–28) in the Ecological Hermeneutics of the Bible

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Twardziłowski T.

Collectanea Theologica

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2020

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vol. 90

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issue 5

9-32

EN

In the discussions on the possible religious background of the current ecological crisis, the biblical text of Genesis 1:26–28 is the passage most often quoted by all sides of the debate. While for some it is an incentive to unlimited exploitation, and the resultant degradation of the natural environment, for others it carries a positive ecological message and a call for responsible care of the created world. Due to this ambiguity in interpretations, this article attempts to resolve whether the biblical text itself is problematic, and requires correction, or whether it is ecologically adequate, and it is the interpretations that have been thus far insufficient. Each of the three main currents of the ecological hermeneutics of the Bible (apologetic, radical, and neo-orthodox) offers its own specific answer to this question.

8

Idea zrównoważonego rozwoju jako zasada sprawiedliwości

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Płachciak A.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2009

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vol. 12

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issue 1

197-204

EN

The subject of the paper is an attempt of investigation the idea of sustainable development as an instantiation the principle of justice. Occurring global threads at the and of twenty century as consequences of rapid waste of natural resources, growth of impurity of environment, increase of human population, unsatisfied basic needs of people and global destabilization of natural and socio-economical systems made different environments seek for rational solutions of those problems. Finally as a result of notified by international comities propositions the idea of sustainable development came into existence. Great impact on arising the idea of sustainable development came from so called Brundtland Rapport in 1987. In the document it was stated that one of the conditions of sustaining development in the World requires such development which would satisfy needs of present gen-erations without depriving future generations abilities and satisfactions of their needs. In reference to the idea of sustainable development two-fold purposes were undertaken: (1) instantiation of distributive justice criteria, and (2) explaining validity of future generation justice.

9

Słoma w kulturze tradycyjnej

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Tymochowicz M.

Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

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2017

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vol. 17

146-160

EN

Straw is a particular raw material that has been widely used in the past and in the past. The text enumerates its practical qualities and reported importance in former rituals, beliefs, healing or divination. Then the text deals with the symbolism of the straw, which is becoming more and more difficult to interpret.

10

Aesthetics and ecology in the post-modern perspective

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Zeidler-Janiszewska A.

Polish Journal of Landscape Studies

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2018

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vol. 1

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issue 2-3

7-13

EN

The analysis sets out from the exhibition entitled Ressource Kunst. Die Elemente Neu Gesehen. The author attempts to outline an area which emerges from the encounter of ecology (as a domain of reflection about the human surroundings) and aesthetics (as a discipline concerned with sensory experience) from the standpoint of post-modernism. The inquiry thus focuses on the moment in which contemporary artistic practices “internalize” ecological issues. Aesthetics becomes a branch of ecology, but at the same time ecology becomes a domain within aesthetics. According to the author, post-modernism has offered advantageous perspectives for pursuing ecological postulations.

11

“Green” and “grey” ecologies as a notional context of contemporary artistic practices

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Zeidler-Janiszewska A.

Polish Journal of Landscape Studies

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2018

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vol. 1

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issue 2-3

15-20

EN

The author highlights the need for the societies to become aware of the ecologically motivated ethics of responsibility. She discusses the division of ecological practices into “green” (e.g. establishments of reserves, protection of endangered species) and “grey” ones, which have been analyzed by P. Virilio, who defined them as “no longer an ecology of substance, but an […] ecology of the shrinking world.” According to the author, ecologically committed art contributes to propagating responsible attitudes, by drawing for instance on the tradition of avant-garde commitment. It is manifested in all currents which expose the dangers of the advancing technology and look for means of overcoming such threats (grey ecology).

12

Utilization of the Hydroelectric Potential of the Pomorskie Voivodship

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Kowalczyk K., Cieśliński R.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2017

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issue 3(49)

73-83

EN

One of the sources of electricity used by man is water. Currently the idea of hydroelectric power plants is increasingly appreciated by local governments. Sustainable development and EU directives have required the construction of green power plants. The article outlines the energy situation of the Pomorskie Voivodship. As a result, it was found that more than half of the energy consumed in the region is produced outside its area. Considering the transmission losses, this is a disadvantage. Hydropower installations are increasingly appearing in the voivodship, but there are relatively few of them. The natural and anthropogenic conditions of more than 300 potential hydropower plants have been analyzed. Based on the conducted research, the hydroelectric potential of the voivodship was estimated and the best locations for hydropower were identified.

PL

Jednym ze źródeł energii elektrycznej wykorzystywanej przez człowieka jest woda. Obecnie idea elektrowni wodnych jest coraz bardziej doceniana przez samorządy terytorialne i coraz częściej można je dostrzec w Polsce i województwie pomorskim. Idea zrównoważonego rozwoju oraz dyrektywy unijne wymogły budowę zielonych elektrowni. W artykule nakreślono sytuację energetyczną województwa pomorskiego. W efekcie ustalono, że ponad połowa energii zużytej w województwie jest produkowana poza jego obszarem. Biorąc pod uwagę straty przesyłowe jest to sytuacja niekorzystna. W województwie coraz częściej pojawiają się instalacje hydroenergetyczne, ale wciąż jest ich stosunkowo mało. Przeanalizowano uwarunkowania przyrodnicze i antropogeniczne ponad 300 potencjalnych lokalizacji hydroelektrowni. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań oszacowano potencjał hydroenergetyczny województwa i wskazano najlepsze lokalizacje dla elektrowni wodnych.

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Homo naturae lupus est? Problem relacji człowieka i natury w ujęciu historycznym i współczesnym

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Bujak J.

Colloquia Theologica Ottoniana

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2013

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issue 1

73-90

EN

The purpose of this article is to show different responses to the question about the causes and the way out of the ecological crisis. In many environments, today there is a belief that the man is the greatest danger to the environment because if the world and humanity are to survive, the number of people in the world should be reduced to the minimum. The Holy See sees a different way out of the ecological crisis. Pope John Paul II in his encyclical Centesimus annus in 1991 said “human ecology”, according to which in the fi rst place you should put the man who is the master of creation, but not in an absolute way, because his authority was from God, before whom he must give an account of his deeds.

14

Ecophilosophy and African traditional ecological knowledge

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Ikeke M. O.

IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych

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2018

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vol. 30/1

228-240

PL

Ecophilosophy is concerned with the critical study of ecological issues. It critiques the human- earth relationship advocating for friendly treatment of the environment. Philosophy’s interests in the environmental crisis dates back to the late 1960s. Among those who were at the forefront are Holmes Rolston III, Thomas Berry, and Richard Routley. The philosophical movement towards the environment was also inspired by Rachel Carson’s 1962 book, Silent Spring, Garrett Hardin’s The Tragedy of the Commons, Lynn White’s 1967 article, The Historical Roots of the Ecological Crisis, Paul Ehrlich’s Population Bomb, and so forth. It is not that before the 1960s philosophers have not spoken about the environment. The unfortunate thing was that most of the philosophers that had spoken about the environment merely saw the environment or nature from a utilitarian perspective and nature was perceived as an object to be studied, evaluated and conquered without concern for environmental wellbeing. Yet, when the philosophic turn towards the environment began even till today, most of the voices are those of western and Euro-centric philosophers. Indigenous voices and wisdoms from non-western cultures are often ignored. The purpose of this paper is to argue for the place of African traditional ecological knowledge in ecophilosophy and environmental ethics. Through the method of critical analysis, what constitutes African traditional ecological knowledge and its place in global environmental ethics is examined. The paper finds and concludes that global environmental ethics will be incomplete and weakened without the inclusion of African traditional ecological knowledge.

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Ekologia społeczna rozpoczyna się w szkole

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Buchcic E., Jagodzińska M., Przybyszewska K.

Społeczeństwo. Edukacja. Język

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2013

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vol. 1

117-134

EN

The following paper, in the theoretical section, introduces the basic terminology used to describe nature and relations between various environments. The empirical part presents the research results of the study conducted among the group of 1000 nature studies and biology teachers in primary and secondary schools, on the issue of anthropic pressure on the natural environment.

16

In Harmony with Nature – Elements of Ecology in Pedagogy and Art

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Łobos A.

The New Educational Review

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2009

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vol. 19

383-389

EN

The contemporary educational process, in its guidelines, is based on the formation of pro-ecological awareness just in the youngest generation. An interesting way of turning out specific contents by adults makes it possible to bring this theme into effect. There are applied direct and indirect effects. One has to remember the important role of the language used in each area of knowledge. Such an education is conducive to arousing sensibility to the surrounding world, and contact with nature beauty gives happiness and secures a young human being’s comprehensive development. In this paper some notes of selected ecological aspects in pedagogy and art are included. They are mainly focused on language, music and an interdisciplinary educational project realized in Silesia.

17

Natura-wyobraźnia-rzeczywistość. Problematyka twórczości Józefa Mackiewicza w kontekście zagadnień ekologiczno-przyrodniczych

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Bałżewska K.

Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne

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2024

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issue 18

206-223

EN

The article outlines possible ways of reading of Józef Mackiewiczs works in the context of ecocritical and eco-aesthetic themes. The author discusses his views on nature starting with his juvenile interests in books about animals, to engagement in ecological issues present in reportages penned for the Polish journal “Słowo” (1922-1939). Bałżewska not only analyses Mackiewicz's sensual perception of nature and its functions in articles from the interwar period, but also refers to chosen aspects relating to nature in his novels published after 1945. Such a broad perspective allows to reconstruct artistic imagination of the author of Road to nowhere, who treated nature as a kind of filter through which one can look at reality.

18

Zielona architektura. Jak kształtować środowisko mieszkalne w harmonii z naturą

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Korczyńska-Partyka D.

Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne

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2017

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issue 8 "Jak czytać (pop)literaturę?"

243-254

EN

This article is a review of the book titled Green Architecture by James Wines. The reflection of an American architect is an inspiration to consider how to create a living environment in harmony with nature. On the one hand, the author of this text tries to examine several examples of interaction between architecture, ecology and philosophy. On the other hand, she tries to respond to Wines’s ideas and to point out some questionable aspects of his project.

19

Synyhetic measure as part of the assessment of spatial disparities of the natural environment in the świętokrzyskie voivodeship

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Przybytniowski J. W., Dziekański P., Michalski M.

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2019

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vol. 50

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issue 123

55-64

EN

The aim of this research was to indicate the possibilities of using synthetic measure to find and analyse spatial disparities of the natural environment in 102 diagnostic communities of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship as a peripheral area. The research was conducted on the basis of selected diagnostic features. The data presented refer to the years 2009, 2012 and 2015 and come from the Local Data Bank. Bearing in mind the research aim, the following hypothesis was formed: The use of proper synthetic measures makes it possible to recognise spatial disparities which appear in the natural environment. This paper is a continuation of the work entitled: Synyhetic Measure Used as Assessment of Spatial Disparities of the Natural Environment (Przybytniowski, Dziekański, 2019). The analysis of the natural environment of municipalities occurs through human activities, and having a direct impact on the environment (indirectly related to the environment).

20

Ekologiczny postulat nauki dla zrównoważonego rozwoju

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Łepko Z.

Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe

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2010

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vol. 27

77-86

DE

Es deutet viel darauf hin, dass die Naturkrise der wissenschaftlich-technischen Welt in unserem Denken, nicht erst im Handeln beginnt. Weil in Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft nicht die richtige Ziele verfolgt werden, gibt es einen Mangel an Erhaltungswissen und ein Übermaß Zerstörungswissen. Zu revidieren sind aber nicht die Ergebnisse der herrschenden Wissenschaft, sondern Erkenntnisideale, unter denen es dazu kommt. Um zu erfahren, was für die Zukunft wissenswert wäre, müssten die Natur und unser Natursein ganzheitlich umfassender gedacht werden, als es in der herrschenden Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft geschieht.

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