Search results - CEJSH

1

Technical Efficiency of Polish Independent Public Health Care Centres: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

100%

Podgórska J.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2018

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issue 1(51)

123-132

EN

In the face of the growing demand for health services, which can be observed in Poland (as well as in many other countries), it is extremely important to make effective allocation decisions in relation to financial resources (at the disposal of health sector decision-makers). The pace of demographic, technological and market changes forces an increase in financial expenditures on health, while at the same time the resources allocated to these objectives are still lacking. The present paper assesses the technical efficiency of 24 independent public health care centers (IPHCCs) in 2010–2014 with the use of the data envelopment analysis method and evaluates changes in the examined efficiency categories using the Malmquist Index. The research has shown that independent public health care institutions in Poland are facing the problem of debt and inefficiency. It has also been established that the level and method of financing health services in Poland contribute to a large extent to the technical inefficiency of IPHCCs, and that the increase in IPHCCs’ revenues leads to an increase in their technical efficiency. The conclusions of this paper provide, on one hand, the basis for in-depth research into the efficiency of public health entities and, on the other, guidance that can be used in the practical management of public health entities and in the shaping of national health care policy.

PL

W obliczu rosnącego popytu na usługi zdrowotne, które obserwujemy w Polsce (podobnie jak w wielu innych krajach), niezwykle istotne jest podejmowanie efektywnych decyzji alokacyjnych w stosunku do środków finansowych będących w dyspozycji decydentów sektora zdrowotnego. Tempo zmian demograficznych, technologicznych i rynkowych wymusza wzrost nakładów finansowych na ochronę zdrowia, jednocześnie środków przeznaczanych na te cele wciąż brakuje. W niniejszym opracowaniu dokonano oceny efektywności technicznej 24 samodzielnych publicznych zakładów opieki zdrowotnej w latach 2010–2014 przy wykorzystaniu metody analizy obwiedni danych oraz dokonano pomiaru zmian badanych kategorii efektywności za pomocą Indeksu Malmquista. W toku przeprowadzonych badań ustalono, że samodzielne publiczne zakłady opieki zdrowotnej w Polsce borykają się z problemem zadłużenia oraz brakiem efektywności. Ustalono także, że poziom oraz sposób finansowania usług zdrowotnych w Polsce w dużym stopniu przyczynia się do braku efektywności technicznej SPZOZ, oraz że wzrost przychodów SPZOZ prowadzi do wzrostu ich efektywności technicznej. Wnioski wynikające z niniejszego opracowania — z jednej strony stanowią podstawę do pogłębiania badań dotyczących efektywności publicznych podmiotów leczniczych, a z drugiej strony — dostarczają wskazówek, które mogą zostać wykorzystane w praktyce zarządzania publicznymi podmiotami leczniczymi oraz w kształtowaniu polityki zdrowotnej kraju.

2

Efficiency of Governmental Funding in Hungary

100%

Gulyás E., Sterbenz T., Kovacs E.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2016

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vol. 72

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issue 1

41-50

EN

This paper presents the initial results of a significant research project conducted under the IOC PhD Student Research Grant Program with the support of the Hungarian Olympic Committee. Macro- and meso-level analyses were conducted within the framework of this research to analyze the competitive position of the Hungarian elite sport policy system. In the following, an essential part of the research will be presented with the aim of modeling the efficiency of the Hungarian sport funding system as the increasingly international sporting competition forces governments to invest more money in elite sport development just so they can maintain their elite sport success as the supply of medals remains basically constant. Due to these diminishing returns to the scale of investment, an elite sporting system with an efficient structure will be key in future sporting success. Data collection was based on information gained through a general questionnaire and interviews with the main stakeholders of national sport federations and the Hungarian Olympic Committee, which is the main governing body of Hungarian high-performance sport. Data collection focused on the sixteen prioritized sport federations and the five team sports that benefited from a tax relief system. Secondary data were collected regarding the national public funding for sport, elite sport, and sport by sport since 2006, and Gracenote’s database was used to analyze historical performance in the different disciplines and compare Hungarian performance with that of other countries. This research will provide information to policy makers about the competitive position of Hungary in elite sport and, in this respect, explore the critical success factors that will allow Hungary to assess how best to manage its future success in an increasingly competitive international environment.

3

Possibilities of Improving the Efficiency of Mining Companies

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Jonek-Kowalska I., Turek M.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2011

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vol. 6

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issue 2

EN

Polish hard coal mining has been struggling with numerous problems for many years. Currently, the main challenge for the industry is the need to improve efficiency. It is the prerequisite for survival of mining industry. Considering the importance and topicality of the issue there are threats and opportunities regarding efficiency improvement in Polish mining enterprises in terms of production costs presented in the article. Main thesis states that the analysis and evaluation of production costs connected with monitoring the branch and economic environment allows to specify procedures aimed at improving the efficiency in mining companies.In the first stage of the research the costs of coal production in 2006-2009 are analyzed and evaluated. Then, based on the results of the previous stage and review of internal and external conditions of mining enterprises performance, a catalogue of opportunities and threats for efficiency improvement is established. In the first stage of the research following methods are used: analysis of financial records, analysis of the structure and dynamics of the unit cost of production, comparative analysis and case study. In the second part of the research the SWOT analysis is adapted for the purpose of verifying the potential area of efficiency.

4

Efficiency of criminal proceedings and their cost

100%

Orfin A.

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

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2022

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vol. 14

297-320

EN

To sum up, it should be stated that the concept of efficiency should be understood as a quick, effective and rational operation of the participants in the proceedings, taking into account the principles of efficiency and savings of financial resources. The length of proceedings is one of the most acute problems not only of criminal law, but also of the administration of justice in general. The first and foremost reason for such a classification is that the excessive length of proceedings prevents a fair hearing, since it does not respect the constitutional right to have a case heard without undue delay. Secondly, long proceedings generate high costs, an issue particularly important when these costs are borne by the State Treasury and thus not by the convict whose culpable behavior has caused them to arise.The issues of efficiency of criminal proceedings and their costs are inextricably linked. Furthermore, it establishes that the efficiency of criminal proceedings determines the level of generated costs. The research shows that the quality of the proceeded cases depends on the financial outlays and that the costs indicated by the procedural authorities do not correspond with those actually incurred. In conclusion, it should be pointed out that financial aspects fall within the scope of the regulatory impact assessment and constitute a priority when implementing new legal provisions, in direct relation to the economic analysis of law and the efficiency and costs of ongoing proceedings.

5

Government social spending in the EU countries: efficiency in poverty and income inequality reduction

100%

Cyrek M.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2019

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vol. 14

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issue 3

405-424

EN

Research background: Income inequality and poverty attract a lot of attention among politicians, activists as well as scientists, who are trying to find a solution to these socio-economic problems. State intervention is commonly expected in this field, however, there is no agreement about the most efficient methods and instruments, as well as about the scale of public expenditure for the purpose of limiting poverty and inequality. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to specify efficiency of government social spending in reducing problems of poverty and income inequality in the EU countries. Moreover, the attention is paid to changes in the efficiency in a period of the 2007 crisis occurrence and its overcoming and to sources of the changes. Methods: To fulfill the main goal of the paper, the DEA method is used, which enables to compare the social efficiency of the EU countries. The Malmquist index is also calculated and decomposed to identify changes in the efficiency and their sources in the crisis period. Data used in the analyses were obtained from Eurostat and OECD databases and cover the period from 2007 to 2016 year. Findings & Value added: The main findings of the paper shed some light on the differences in social efficiency of government spending in the EU countries. Generally, the countries with a higher level of social spending are also those with lower efficiency in inequality reduction, however, the relationship doesn?t appear for poverty alleviation. Thus, the research suggests some substitution between the scale and the efficiency of social spending, at least for the inequality dimension. Moreover, some differences in a social model can be found between the countries of the South and of the North: the countries of the South focus their social policy mainly on inequality reduction, while the Scandinavian countries as well as some other affluent societies direct their public support mainly on poverty alleviation. The research also shows that in the crisis period decreases in efficiency concerned mainly the poverty dimension. It reflects the fact that the poor were the losers of the crisis in favor of the middle classes. The efficiency losses were induced by negative changes in the current usage of public sources, while institutional reforms positively influenced the efficiency.

6

Comparison of the efficiency measurement of the conventional and Islamic banks

100%

Musa H., Natorin V., Musova Z., Durana P.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2020

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vol. 11

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issue 1

29-58

EN

Research background: Islamic banks appeared on the world scene as active players over two decades ago. Many of the principles upon which Islamic banking is based have been commonly accepted all over the world. Financial institutions driven by Islamic principles acquire new clientele without excessive marketing, due to preservation of conservative values. Contrary to the conventional investment banks, their value is based on real money, and not on virtual activities from swap and derivative assets. Competition between conventional (or traditional) and Islamic banks is increasing every day, moreover, Islamic financial institutions are more resistant to the crisis. Our study contains analysis and comparison of economic efficiency of the conventional and Islamic banks. Besides the fact that traditional and Islamic banks apply inputs differently, the reason of better efficiency of Islamic banks may be connected with different approach to the risk management and control of the banking operations by the Sharia commission. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the article is to compare the economic efficiency of the conventional and Islamic banks in Europe. Methods: To achieve the aim of the paper, firstly the selected financial indicators of traditional and Islamic banks in Europe were compared. The second, the analysis of the economic efficiency of the selected 1460 conventional and Islamic financial institutions using DEA methods was conducted. Findings & Value added: Research results indicated methodological differences in the economic efficiency measuring in the Islamic banks. At the same time, the higher economic efficiency of Islamic banks was confirmed. The results are motivating for the follow-up investigation into the causes of higher efficiency of Islamic banks compared to traditional banks.

7

DEA-based competition strategy in the presence of undesirable products: An application to paper mills

100%

AMIRTEIMOORI A., MASROURI S.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2021

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vol. 31

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issue 2

5-21

EN

In real applications of data envelopment analysis (DEA), there are cases in which undesirable outputs are produced along with desirable outputs in such a way that the total sum of the produced undesirable outputs over the production units must be fixed and constant. In this case, a trade-off between the decision-making units (DMUs) is needed to balance the production of undesirable outputs. In a rational sight, this trade-off is done in such a way that all DMUs improve their relative performances. In this paper, a single DEA-based model is proposed to model fixed and variable-sum undesirable outputs in production processes. A common equilibrium efficient frontier is constructed and after reallocating the input/output factors, all decision-making units (DMUs) prevail as efficient. A real case of 32 paper mills in China is given. The results of the analysis demonstrated that some economically developed paper mills have better performance than less developed paper mills; in particular, all efficient paper mills are the developed ones

8

A Conceptual Framework for Formalization of National Innovation Systems

100%

Nasierowski W.

Foundations of Management

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2009

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vol. 1

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issue 2

159-166

EN

The concept of National Innovation System (NIS) is explored from the perspective of its propensity for formalization. It is observed that there are problems with formalization (measurement) of NIS and consequently, deficiency in assessment of efficiency of pro-innovative ventures. Based on an overview of the literature, subsystems of NIS are identified and the leading topics within these subsystems are presented. Results of this study are believed to create the platform for formalization of NIS.

9

Znaczenie zabawy konstrukcyjnej w rozwoju manualnym dzieci czteroletnich

100%

Elżbieta Miterka E., Mirella Ogrocka M.

Scientific Bulletin of Chełm - Section of Pedagogy

|

2012

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issue 1

27-36

EN

Design activities produce tangible results in the manual development of children, and thereby contribute to the achievement of school readiness. Design play stimulate the intellectual development of children, extends all manner of acquiring knowledge, increases awareness of activities and involves a team of basic psychophysical functions: visual-spatial, motor, auditory and articulatory. A variety of design activities can be helpful in compensating for the deficiencies and irregularities in the field of intellectual – motor, the dynamics of the nervous system and disorders of emotional development. Teaching activities related to construction activities stimulate and activate a child, compensate for habitat deficiencies and prevent difficulties in later years at school.

10

Analiza statystyczna związku między zakresem działalności towarzystw ubezpieczeń wzajemnych w Polsce a ich efektywnością

100%

Płonka M., Jedynak T.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2013

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issue 907

123-136

EN

This article aims to answer the question of whether there is a relationship between the scope of insurance business declared by a mutual insurance company (MIC) – based on supervisory approval – and the effectiveness of that MIC, as measured by standard financial indicators. As a result of posing the thesis in these terms, the MICs studied were arbitrarily split into those with a small range of activity (up to 9 classes), and those with a large range of activities (more than 9 classes). The effectiveness of the two groups was then analysed. The statistical study covers the years 1996–2010. The first section outlines the general position and efficiency of MICs on the Polish insurance market in the years 2000–2010, as measured by value of gross premiums written and net income. The second part presents the results of an empirical study on the relationships between a range of activities of MICs acting in Section II and their effectiveness as measured by the following indicators: the value of gross premiums written, the value of premiums, acquisition costs, administration costs, net results, and the profitability of sales (ROS). The paper ends with conclusions.

11

METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT NETWORK ANALYSIS AS A TOOL IMPROVING EFFICIENT ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT

100%

Wołowiec T., Szybowski D., Prokopowicz D.

International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences

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2019

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vol. 9(1)

229-249

EN

The analysis of the dependence network consists in the calculation of dates and time reserves of subsequent events, and then on the calculation of the time stocks during the execution of particular activities. In the dependency network, it is possible to calculate the earliest and the latest possible date of occurrence of each event and the possible reserve of time. Thanks to this, we will learn the stock of time related to individual activities. Those activities that do not have a stock of time (that is, the reserve is equal to zero) are called critical activities. All critical activities in the dependence network create a critical path. We will not have any stock of time on the entire critical path (from the event of the initial linking network to the final event). What's the conclusion? Activities that are on the critical path must be made at the scheduled time, because it will decide on keeping the deadline for the entire undertaking.

12

Design Vulnerability as the Key Element of the Logistics Efficiency of a Product

100%

Bielecki M. M., Madej M., Skoczylas A.

Logistics and Transport

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2014

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vol. 21

5-12

EN

The article highlights the importance of the influence a product itself has on the broadly understood logistics-related issues, referred to as the logistical efficiency of a product. It constitutes the foundation for the concept of design vulnerability of a product, along with its determinants. The paper shows the impact these determinants have on logistics processes on selected examples from the market. The authors of the article also suggest what actions might be undertaken in the strategic and operational sphere of the company logistics, depending on the design vulnerability of a product.

13

Efficiency of public sector enterprises in conditions of crisis

100%

Wypych M.

Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie

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2014

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vol. 15

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issue 1

93-101

EN

The systemic transformation in Poland, aimed, among others, at activating market mechanisms, has resulted in a change in the ownership structure and privatization that has accompanied it. Privatization processes are commonly considered to be principally motivated by an increase in efficiency of the economy based on the assumption that efficiency of private enterprises is higher than that of public sector ones. The main aim of the article is to verify the above hypothesis. An analysis of efficiency of public and private sector enterprises, taking into account their organizational and legal forms, made on the basis of Central Statistical Office information, confirmed the above hypothesis. Private enterprises use their assets better and take advantage of the financial leverage mechanism to a larger extent. It should be emphasized, however, that private enterprises are more adversely affected by economic fluctuations caused by the crisis.

14

Państwo opiekuńcze a wolność gospodarowania. Próba znalezienia konsensusu w dyskusji o efektywności i sprawiedliwości

100%

Sankiewicz B.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

|

2011

|

issue 872

17-31

EN

The issues of efficiency and equality are key in the discussion of the state’s role in the economy and every day life of citizens. The discussion takes on greater importance in times of economic crisis, when it is more common to exert pressure on raising the commitment of public money in the economy. Adherents of the essential role of the state say that it is necessary to raise all donations, benefits and transfers for the most needy while liberals disagree, saying that the less the state interferes in the economy, the better off the people will be. The aim of this article is to show each side’s arguments and to make an effort to find a consensus in the discussion of efficiency and equality.

15

Generalized exponential estimators for the finite population mean

100%

Zaman T.

Statistics in Transition new series

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2020

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vol. 21

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issue 1

159-168

EN

This study proposes a new class of exponential-type estimators in simple random sampling for the estimation of the population mean of the study variable using information of the population proportion possessing certain attributes. Theoretically, mean squared error (MSE) equations of the suggested ratio exponential estimators are obtained and compared with the Naik and Gupta (1996) ratio and product estimators, the ratio and product exponential estimator presented in Singh et al. (2007) and the ratio exponential estimators presented in Zaman and Kadilar (2019a). As a result of these comparisons, it is observed that the proposed estimators always produce more efficient results than the others. In addition, these theoretical results are supported by the application of original datasets.

16

Zarządzanie procesami a efektywność

100%

Kluj G.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2013

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vol. 18

235-246

EN

In the publicationthe authorsuggests thatthe main goal ofthe implementationprocess approachandprocess management is to makeraisingthe efficiency of thebusiness organization. For this purpose, are discussed the keydifferencesbetweenthe process and thefunctionalapproachandis characterizedthe conceptof efficiency. This publication presentsan originalmethodology of process managementin order to improvethe efficiency of thecompany.

17

On Classes of Modified Ratio Type And Regression-Cum-Ratio Type Estimators in Sample Surveys Using Two Auxiliary Variables

100%

Swain A. K. P. C.

Statistics in Transition new series

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2012

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vol. 13

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issue 3

473-494

EN

In this paper generalized classes of modified ratio type and regression-cum-ratio type estimators of the finite population mean of the study variable are suggested in the presence of two auxiliary variables in simple random sampling without replacement when the population means of the auxiliary variables are known in advance. Some special cases of the generalized estimators are compared with respect to their biases and efficiencies both theoretically and with the help of some natural populations.

18

The ethical and praxeological conceptions of an act and its evaluation

100%

Podrez E.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 7

39-49

EN

The conception of an act and its evaluation constitute the most interesting and important moral subject which consists of a complex set of theoretical and practical issues. The article includes St. Thomas’ conception of the definition of the goodness of an act, Tatarkiewicz’s theory of rightness of an act as a source of its evaluation as well as Kotarbinski’s considerations which deal with the analysis of an act from an efficiency perspective. They have all contributed to the definitione of an act in its several variants and provided the possibility of classification of evaluation of an act on the ethical and praxeological plane.

19

International Transport Corridors Functioning Efficiency in the Digital Economy Conditions

100%

Isaienko V. M., Bugayko D. O., Grygorak M. Y., Ovdiienko O. V.

Logistics and Transport

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2019

|

vol. 42

47-56

EN

The problem of international transport corridors efficiency estimation in the digital economy conditions is considered. The set of efficiency key indicators, which allows to compare efficiency of corridors use in different countries, is substantiated. A comparative analysis of the international transport corridors usage efficiency in Ukraine and Poland was conducted.

20

Coherence of Cluster on Efficiency of Logistic Process

100%

Staszewska J.

Logistics and Transport

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2012

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vol. 14

25-30

EN

The clustering process is innovation for the polish market. The process concern various market sectors. The logistic clusters and logistic of clusters give minimilization of expenses and quick turn of expenditure. The cluster is form of network and his efficacy is very important for logistic. The logistic network give new possibility for cluster and cluster give new possibility for network logistic, too. The efficacy is necessary for various level logistic process. Material fatigue of parts of different technical systems belongs to the most frequent causes of boundary states rise and relating operation breakdowns. The objective of the article is general formulation of reliability of technical systems judging, brief characteristic of basic areas to be taken into account as input into calculated prediction of technical systems fatigue life and analysis of risk items by its practical application. An extraordinary attention is dedicated to the evaluation of fatigue life of structures parts of different technical systems and means in objects of critical infrastructure all over the world because breakdowns caused by a fatigue failure have often a nature of catastrophe.

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