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PL
The article presents the philosophies of John Amos Comenius, Immanuel Kant and Maria Montessori. It focuses on problem areas that are particularly inspiring for modern thinking about peace and education for peace and points out a broad definition of peace provided by each of the above philosophers. Their theories go far beyond identifying peace with the absence of war and they consider peace to be a process that requires building and strengthening as well as the participation of all people, not only politicians. From this perspective, peace building becomes an important educational task. The basic goal is to ensure that individuals have the feeling of authorship and responsibility for peaceful coexistence among people. Only a combination of peace-reinforcing political initiatives with daily activities supported by education and aimed at promoting peace provides real chances to make the world a better place.
EN
The article presents the philosophies of John Amos Comenius, Immanuel Kant and Maria Montessori. It focuses on problem areas that are particularly inspiring for modern thinking about peace and education for peace and points out a broad definition of peace provided by each of the above philosophers. Their theories go far beyond identifying peace with the absence of war and they consider peace to be a process that requires building and strengthening as well as the participation of all people, not only politicians. From this perspective, peace building becomes an important educational task. The basic goal is to ensure that individuals have the feeling of authorship and responsibility for peaceful coexistence among people. Only a combination of peace-reinforcing political initiatives with daily activities supported by education and aimed at promoting peace provides real chances to make the world a better place.
PL
The article presents the philosophies of John Amos Comenius, Immanuel Kant and Maria Montessori. It focuses on problem areas that are particularly inspiring for modern thinking about peace and education for peace and points out a broad definition of peace provided by each of the above philosophers. Their theories go far beyond identifying peace with the absence of war and they consider peace to be a process that requires building and strengthening as well as the participation of all people, not only politicians. From this perspective, peace building becomes an important educational task. The basic goal is to ensure that individuals have the feeling of authorship and responsibility for peaceful coexistence among people. Only a combination of peace-reinforcing political initiatives with daily activities supported by education and aimed at promoting peace provides real chances to make the world a better place.
EN
The Seville Statement on Violence (SSV) was originated by a launched UN-Committee of the International Society for Research on Aggression (ISRA) in the late seventies of the past century. Its final product, elaborated by more than twenty scholars from different scientific disciplines and from all continents, was presented in 1986 at the VI Coloquio Internacional sobre Cerebro y Agresión (CICA) in Seville. Three years later, it was endorsed by the 25th General Conference of UNESCO in Paris. Its main message was that violence, and consequently war too, are avoidable and aggressiveness can be tamed. The present article comments what were the main reasons which urged to elaborate it, and some difficulties found on the way.
The Biblical Annals
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1991
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vol. 38
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issue 1
5-16
PL
The „peace of God” does not occur in the books of the Old Testament. Though the idea of the peace of God is very vivid in them. One should not look for it in the semantic field of the word „shalom” but in the context of those hagiographic texts, especially those written by prophets, in which there appears the word „shalom” and in those oracles which deal with the idea of peace, though the very word „peace” does not turn up. The peace of God is God’s gift which man cannot give to himself or work out. This means those spiritual goods thanks to which man (both as an individual and society) is in total harmony with God and creature.
EN
Nowadays peace became scarce. Expanding conflicts, terrorist attacks and the uncertainty so common to today's times put in question the value that was won after many years of war. The Constitution is free from regulations treating directly about peace. There are only few references to it. Perhaps, peace is a luxury for which we have to fight, and neither a right that must be protected nor freedom which we can/should use. Maybe it is not supposed to be talked about the right to peace, but about some kind of a privilege. Therefore, it would be necessary to admit, that there is a mistake done already in the subject of this paper. This area seems also to be interesting especially, when moving the optics and focusing on the actions and declarations of heads of states while implementing the common political objectives that are at odds with objectives of other/opposite countries. The word war is used like a substitute for terms ‘peace, freedom and prosperity’, or even worse, like a way to it.
Organon
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2015
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vol. 47
83-95
EN
The article consists of two parts. The first part presents the most important stages of scientific discipline shaping defined nowadays as peace research. In the second part, the focus is on the specificity of pedagogic thinking about peace, in order to illustrate its consonance with the trends developing in peace research, for several decades, and to emphasize the sense of education as one of the ways to create and strengthen peace. According to that perspective every human being, and not only political decision makers, should feel responsible for the existence of the peaceful ordering of the world.
Viae Educationis
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2024
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vol. 3
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issue 2
25-30
EN
This article explores the critical role of education in fostering sustainable peacebuilding and challenges the view that war is an unavoidable part of human existence. By examining some of the key theoretical contributions, it underscores how proactive peace efforts can address root causes rather than just the symptoms of violence. Through three case studies in peace education – ranging from professional training courses to university programmes and secondary school workshops – the article demonstrates how diverse initiatives equip individuals of all ages with the skills needed to build and strive for peaceful societies. Advocating for greater investment in peace education as a central pillar of peacebuilding, the article concludes that while a world free of any type of conflict may seem idealistic, a future where violent conflicts are resolved constructively is both achievable and essential for sustainable human development.
PL
Dealing with peace in the face of war as one of the problems of social life and searching for practical solutions in the context of its restoration, preservation and building, above all with regard to uniting and strengthening the defense of people, communities, nations and states for the sake of belonging to one human family are the key issues raised in the social doctrine of the Catholic Church. In its general message, concern for the common good, which provides protection and a peaceful and safe life, survived until the pontifcate of Pope Francis. The article presents the understanding of peace and war in the messages of Pope Francis, for the World Day of Peace, which is celebrated each year on January 1. The article discusses the documents published in the years 2014−2022. An important aspect of this analysis is the understanding of the concept of peace in the face of war and the proposed measures to achieve and maintain it, and to end the war, which are consistent with the social teaching of the Catholic Church.
10
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Peace, War, and Critique

80%
EN
This article offers a brief exploration of the contradictory meanings of "war" and "peace", beginning with the ways in which, paradoxically, one term is supposed to engender its opposite. Inspired by sources as diverse as James Madison, Ralph Waldo Emerson, William James, and Judith Butler, the author tries to imagine what it would take to break the war-and-peace continuum.
EN
At first sight, the idea of European integration seems to be an entirely modern matter. If we talk about it, it is most likely in frames of decades, or utmost (considering the change of millennium) we talk about it as a matter of the last century. However, we can undoubtedly find roots of European integration far earlier – namely in the period when Roman Empire was forming not only the disposition of Europe, but also the history of a part of the African and Asian continent. Although motivations of those, who inspired the European integration, were different, we can also see efforts to ensure lasting peace by peace agreements.
PL
During his pontificate, Pope John Paul II strongly supported the idea of “civilization of love”. To the Polish Pope, the existence of ‘the civilization of love’ was the foundation of a humane world in the context of a civilization depreciating the value of the human being. This article addresses the concept of “the civilization of love”, with a special focus drawn to the aims, principles and fundamental assumptions of “the civilization of love.”
EN
The article presents the teaching of John Paul II on obstacles to the realization of peace addressed to diplomats. The Pope emphasized that the obstacles to the realization of peace have nothing to do with the pluralism of ideas and actions, and manifest themselves in painful clashes between people, groups, categories of people, nations and blocks of countries. They undermine the dignity and rights of man and the nation. They deepen mutual distrust and hatred, becoming a great danger to maintaining order in the international arena. John Paul II, speaking of peace, pointed out that it becomes increasingly distant in today’s world. Peace is at stake wherever the human spirit is oppressed by poverty or constrained by socio-political or ideological injunctions.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia nauczanie Jana Pawła II na temat przeszkód w realizacji pokoju skierowane do dyplomatów. Papież podkreślał, że przeszkody stojące na drodze do realizacji pokoju nie mają nic ze słusznego pluralizmu idei i działań i objawiają się w bolesnych starciach pomiędzy osobami, grupami, kategoriami osób, narodami i blokami państw. Podważają godność i prawa człowieka oraz narodu. Pogłębiają one wzajemną nieufność i nienawiść, stając się wielkim niebezpieczeństwem dla utrzymania porządku na arenie międzynarodowej. Jan Paweł II, mówiąc o pokoju, zwracał uwagę, że we współczesnym świecie staje się on wartością coraz bardziej odległą, że pokój jest zagrożony wszędzie tam, gdzie duch ludzki jest gnębiony przez biedę lub krępowany przez społeczno-polityczne czy ideologiczne nakazy.
EN
The paper has three parts. The first part concerns the solidarity principle’s genesis. Its philosophical base is the personalistic anthropology, which speaks about prosocial nature of man and its active participation in the social life. The biblical-theological base of solidarity are: personal dignity of man comme God’s image, person and learning of Christ, community of the Church. The second part of paper discusses elements ontological-anthropological and biblical-ethical which are necessary in the realisation of solidarity’s principle. They are following: pluralism of equal persons and societies, its dialogue, co-production of common good by honest work, integral development economic and intelectual-cultural, equality, social justice and love, peace and reciprocal settlement. The thirt part of paper speaks about three circles of application of solidarity’s principle; namely: solidarity professional-working – defend of rihts of workers, solidarity general-social of nation and state – protection of economic and political human rihts, solidarity international of humanity – trend towards peace and prosperity.
15
Content available remote

Peace Movements in the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

71%
PL
The peace movements, both Palestinians and Israelis, have been little discussed academically, however, its importance in the development of the Israeli- Palestinian conflict is crucial. This article intends to expose the dynamics that the Israeli and Palestinian peace organizations have had over the years.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14763
EN
The article presents an analysis of the text of Mk 9,49-50 confronted with the parallel texts from Mt and Lk. The context of the metaphor related to salt in Mk makes it possible to trace the source of the metaphor in the Old Testament descriptions of sacrificial actions. The evangelist primarily emphasizes positive attributes of salt. Just as a small amount of salt can significantly improve the taste of food, so kindness and peace have a positive impact on the relationship in the community of the disciples of Jesus.
PL
Artykuł Filmowe transformacje Ewangelii. Perspektywa mariologiczna przedstawia analizę dwóch współczesnych obrazów o życiu Jezusa i Jego Matki: pochodzącego z roku 1995 francuskiego filmu Marie de Nazareth w reżyserii Jeana Dellanoya oraz powstałego cztery lata później dzieła Kevina Konnora Mary, Mother of Jesus. Przedmiotem analizy jest filmowa interpretacja życia Jezusa i Jego Matki opisanego na kartach Ewangelii. Charakteryzując obydwa obrazy, autor zauważył, że scenarzyści położyli akcent na wymiar historyczny, społeczny, polityczny i kulturo- wy epoki. W podobnej perspektywie ukazane zostało dzieło zbawcze Chrystusa oraz pełnia objawienia Bożego, która się w Nim zrealizowała. Należy podkreślić, że reżyserzy obydwóch obrazów wykazali troskę o to, aby postać Matki Jezusa została przedstawiona w sposób jak najbardziej wierny, prawdziwy i autentyczny. Dostrzeżone transformacje ewangelicznych opisów miały na celu pogłębienie niektórych aspektów, wydobycie nieznanych wątków, aby w sposób atrakcyjny i autentyczny ukazać życie Maryi. Tego typu interpretacje nie doprowadziły do znaczącej deformacji obrazu Błogosławionej Dziewicy. Dokonana analiza wykazała, że obrazy, mimo iż starają się wiernie oddać realia życia Jezusa i Maryi, to jednak akcentują zbytnio wymiar horyzontalny, podczas gdy nadprzyrodzony jest praktycznie nieobecny. Zbyt słabo podkreślono interwencje Boga w życiu Maryi oraz cuda dokonane podczas ziemskiej misji Jezusa, koncentrując się jedynie na najistotniejszych: wcieleniu, Bożym narodzeniu oraz tajemnicy paschalnej. Autor artykułu zauważa potrzebę stworzenia nowego języka, operującego symbolem, który byłby otwarty na wymiar transcendentny, pozwalając lepiej opisać tajemnicę Tego, który jest Nieogarniony i Święty.
EN
The author attempts to define amnesty and describe conditions that must be met for amnesties to be in accordance with international law. This in turn involves an analysis of legality of amnesties. The paper also examines motivation for granting amnesty and desirability as well as the future of granting amnesties. In the end a nuanced approach is adopted highlighting the fact that amnesties are neither conditio sine qua non for a lasting peace solution nor ticking time-bombs for peacebuilding. This reflects the idea of this paper that justice is not an absolute and sometimes it might be necessary to let go and combine judicial and non-judicial mechanisms (including the disclosure of truth and reparations for the victims) in order to achieve sustainable peace.
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Dialog z islamem w nauczaniu papieża Pawła VI

71%
EN
The opening of the Catholic Church to dialogue with other religions has its roots in the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). Declaration on the Relation of the Church to Non-Christian Religions Nostra Aetate announced on 28th October 1965 started the process of the Church’s re-orientation towards, among others, Islam (number 3 refers to its followers). Noteworthy is the establishment of the Secretariat for Non-Christians (since 1988 the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue) in 1964 by Pope Paul VI, whose task was to conduct a dialogue with non-Christian believers in God. In 1974, he appointed, within the Secretariat, the Commission for Religious Relations with Islam. This article discusses the teaching of Pope Paul VI, who took up the challenge of the Council, giving importance to the interreligious dialogue, including the dialogue with Muslims. It indicates the areas in which, according to Paul VI, there is a need for dialogue. Especially noteworthy are the documents announced by Pope Paul VI, discussing the problem of this dialogue, including: Encyclical Ecclesiam Suam (1964) and Populorum Progressio (1967), apostolic exhortations Postrema sessio (1965) and Evangelii nuntiandi (1975). During the apostolic pilgrimages, among others, to the Holy Land (1964), Fatima (1967) and Turkey (1967), Pope Paul VI appealed for the dialogue, peace and cooperation among people over all divisions. The article also mentions the onset of speeches by Pope Paul VI for the World Day of Peace. It also underlines the appointment of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace Iustitia et Pax, discusses the specificity of its activity and lists the documents issued by it. Due to the commitment to peace, Paul VI has been nicknamed the „Pope of Peace”. The article emphasizes that the peace activity between religions and peoples during the pontificate of the Pope takes place in the political dimension of interreligious dialogue..
EN
The paper examines the intricate relationship between armed conflict and regional integration, focusing on its role as an ‘undoing’ force in the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) context. A significant element of development and economic cooperation in Africa is the perennial problem of violent conflict in almost all sub-regions. Moreover, organized crime is rising across the continent, coupled with the emergence of new forms of violence associated with today’s globalization and other post-Cold War phenomena. Globalization has led to greater interdependence among countries and fostered cooperation among states. However, a country’s internal conflict often has repercussions beyond its borders and threatens regional and global peace and stability. In addition, armed conflict can affect countries’ relations and state cooperation. Peace provides a good foundation for development and economic cooperation, while development ensures the permanence of peace. The central question addressed in this paper is whether constructive regional economic integration and cooperation can be effectively achieved while some African countries are experiencing armed conflict. A qualitative research approach is used to analyze how armed conflict will likely negatively impact the achievement of AfCFTA goals.
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