Search results - CEJSH

1

DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION: EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH IN PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY

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Péley B.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2010

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vol. 65

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issue 1

65-83

EN

The paper argues that an evolutionary approach would contribute to a better understanding of development. Analyzing adaptive mechanisms and their dysfunctions, new ways can be opened in categorizing mental disorders and also in therapies. The evolutionary approach does not mean to introduce new theories or therapeutic methodologies into psychotherapy. Instead it suggests new strategies of understanding based on the laws of human nature. It places pathology onto the dimension of adaptation. It claims that developmental history and adaptation should be considered when understanding pathology. The paper also argues that a diagnostics which is based on categorization of symptoms should be replaced by a diagnostics which concentrates on organization of adaptive systems.

2

V odlišnosti stejní? Psychopatologie v interkulturní perspektivě

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Kolman L., Chamoutová K., Chýlová H.

Psychologie a její kontexty

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2010

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vol. 1

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issue 1

95-100

EN

This paper outlines the development of intercultural psychopathology in recent decades and points out the consequences of this development for the theory and practice of diagnosis, psychotherapy and patient care. The main part of the paper gives a description of specific developments in China which have evidently been responsible for the fact that depression is almost unknown in that country, where – unlike in Europe – neurasthenia is a common diagnosis. General conclusions are then drawn from the information presented.

3

Proces psychoterapii indywidualnej i grupowej w leczeniu uzależnień

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Szcześniak, E.

Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość

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2011

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vol. 8

293-302

EN

The article reviews the definition of the word ‘psychotherapy’ which, depending on the theoretical approach adopted, can be defined in a variety of ways, and which consequently comes down to the notion of help and therapeutic effect. Irrespective of whether the psychotherapy takes on an individual or group character, it is a specialised method of helping people with different mental disorders, its main aim being the levelling out of the disorder in question, the introduction of an individual’s development-oriented changes and his or her attainment of health and mental well-being in the broadest sense. The author focuses on the advantages of both individual and group therapy, especially in the treatment of addictions. She additionally indicates the factors which have an influence on the effectiveness of psychotherapy, while stressing that the best effects are achieved through consolidating individual and group psychotherapy into one coherent therapy programme.

4

Opportunities of Usage: Reflection on Subject and Space in Psychotherapy

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Kościańczuk M.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2016

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issue 4(114)

89-101

EN

The article presents an interdisciplinary analysis of possible object’s usage in psychotherapy of adults. It is also focused on the meaning of the area where psychotherapy takes place. The text presents multidimensional view on psychotherapy, which is understood not just as psychological but also sociocultural phenomenon. The article indicates also a “turn toward the thing” in contemporary humanistic and social studies. Material base of psychotherapy is very important in establishing (crucial for positive impact of psychotherapy) good enough therapeutic relation. Theoretical reflections which bind cultural studies and psychological perspective are crowned by case study of family therapy in which objects and place of therapy were important elements of therapeutic process.

5

The Present Moment and Giving Oneself as a Gift

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Molinari E., Spatola C., Cappella E., Castelnuovo G.

Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration

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2014

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vol. 19

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issue 1-2

229-241

EN

The contemporary individual is immersed in a reality characterized by a rapid sequence of stimuli and actions and he is often unable to fully live the present moment. Several authors in the field of psychology have discussed on the individual’s ability to live his own experience in the present moment, each highlighting some peculiar aspects and potential of this concept within their models. The major aim of the present article is to discuss these different psychological perspectives moving from more traditional models such ad Gestalt psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis to contemporary approaches such as Mindfulness-based Cognitive therapy (Kabat-Zinn) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (Hayes), and to highlight some points of convergence between such approaches and Chiara Lubich’s thought. In fact Lubich investigated the concept of the present moment from a spiritual perspective, drawing on the life experience inspired by the charisma of unity.

6

PCA - dobrý přístup pro dobrý život

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Mohammadi B. N.

E-psychologie (E-psychology)

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2008

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vol. 2

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issue 1

47-51

EN

The paper is concerned with the PCA (Person-Centered Approach), a psychotherapeutic approach developed by C.R. Rogers. Examinig efficiency of this approach, the author is answering by two case reports from her own psychotherapeutical praxis which is aimed mainly at clients with psychiatric diagnosis.

CS

Příspěvek pojednává o psychoterapeutickém směru PCA (Person-Centered Approach) - „přístup zaměřený na člověka", který vytvořil C. R. Rogers. Autorka si pokládá otázky po účinnosti tohoto přístupu a odpovídá na ně dvěma kazuistikami vybranými ze své psychoterapeutické praxe, v níž se věnuje převážně klientům s psychiatrickou diagnózou.

7

Psychologia starości w ujęciu psychoanalitycznym i perspektywy psychoterapeutyczne

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Przewłocka-Alves A.

Theologica Wratislaviensia

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2015

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vol. 10. Widoki na starość. Interdyscyplinarne studia gerontologiczne

27-36

EN

Psychology of old age is a new field that attempts to explain the functioning of the psyche during the final stages of life. Psychoanalysis was initially very skeptical towards older patients, but faced with increasing number of senior adults, the fields of psychology and psychoanalysis had to adapt, searching for explanations and answers aimed at understanding human aging. The goal of geriatric psychotherapy is to assist elderly individuals in their psychological mentalization, including the mental process of mourning their "self," which goes through a difficult period of losses, so that they do not fall into psychosomatic symptoms or depression. Psychotherapy can thus support a positive sense of identity.

8

What a Difference 35 Years Can Make

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Worthington, Jr. E. L.

Open Theology

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

I review changes in social trends, psychological science, psychotherapy practice, and theology- which have been so profound they have often seemed like revolutions-since the landmark publication by Allen E. Bergin, “Psychotherapy and Religious Values,” in 1980. I attempt to predict some current and future trends that will shape the practice and research in the treatment of religious people for psychological disorders, including theological changes toward more open theology, less doctrinally centered religions, more attention to individual spirituality, and more relational psychology and theology. In the field of psychotherapy research, efficacy studies are no longer the gold standard of research, replaced by large trials demonstrating effectiveness and dissemination. The expensive research required will likely cut the amount of research done on religiously and spiritually accommodated treatments; thus winnowing of treatments is likely in the future. Practitioners will need to become competent to counsel people using many religious and spiritual accommodations. I acknowledge that predicting the future accurately is at best tentative, and I urge that this be read with circumspection.

9

Psychotherapy and the Theological Virtues

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McMinn M. R., McLaughlin P. T., Johnson B. C., Shoup R.

Open Theology

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

Several decades ago Bergin promoted the then-controversial idea of considering religious values in psychotherapy. Much has changed in the intervening years; psychotherapists now have numerous resources available to help them in considering religious and spiritual issues in psychotherapy. In addition to considering values, we suggest there is a place to consider religious virtues in psychotherapy. Virtues are distinct from values in that the former assume a telos (created purpose or end). Whereas values focus on who we are, virtues also focus on who we are becoming. Using the three primary values from the Christian religion- faith, hope, and love-we illustrate how a virtue-based psychotherapy might consider the person of the psychotherapist and the transformational process of psychotherapy. In each case we offer potential research questions, as Bergin did in his landmark publication.

10

Beyond Mindfulness

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Plante T. G.

Open Theology

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

Since the publication of Bergin’s classic 1980 paper “Psychotherapy and Religious Values” in the Journal of Clinical and Consulting Psychology, an enormous amount of quality research has been conducted on the integration of religious and spiritual values and perspectives into the psychotherapy endeavor. Numerous empirical studies, chapters, books, blogs, and specialty organizations have emerged in the past 35 years that have helped researchers and clinicians alike come to appreciate the value of religion and spirituality in the psychotherapeutic process. While so much has been accomplished in this area of integration, so much more needs to occur in order for the psychotherapeutic world to benefit from the wisdom of the great religious and spiritual traditions and values. While state-of-the-art quality research has and continues to demonstrate how religious and spiritual practices and values can be used effectively to enhance the benefits of behavioral and psychological interventions, too often the field either gets overly focused on particular and perhaps trendy areas of interest (e.g., mindfulness) or fails to appreciate and incorporate the research evidence supporting (or not supporting) the use of certain religiously or spiritually informed assessments and interventions. The purpose of this article is to reflect on where the field integrating religion, spirituality and psychotherapy has evolved through the present and where it still needs to go in the future. In doing so I hope to reflect on the call for integration that Bergin highlights in his classic 1980 paper.

11

Calling for Awareness and Knowledge: Perspectives on Religiosity, Spirituality and Mental Health in a Religious Sample from Portugal (a Mixed-Methods Study)

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Freire J., Moleiro C., Rosmarin D. H.

Open Theology

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 1

EN

Recent studies have demonstrated that when suffering or in psychological distress, religious clients tend to recover faster and with better outcomes when mental health professionals (MHPs) seek to integrate their clients’ religious beliefs and practices in psychotherapy. As described in the literature and highly-recommended by the American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines, promotion of an accurate and sensitive integration of a client’s religious and spiritual beliefs is implied among MHPs: the awareness of the particularities, the differences and barriers that religious clients might encounter when seeking help; the knowledge and respect of those specific characteristics and needs; and the development of specific competencies. A mixed-methods approach was used to conduct this study, with the aim of understanding the role which religiosity and spirituality play in mental health and the psychotherapeutic processes of religious members and clients in Portugal. Eight focus groups and three in-depth interviews were conducted, with a total of 41 participants. Participants stated their religiosity as vital aspects in their life and reported religious/spiritual practices as their primary coping strategies. They recognised that their religiosity should not be concealed or marginalised in the context of their psychological and/or psychiatric treatment, but revealed apprehensions, dilemmas and barriers prior to disclosure. MHPs and services were seen as a possible source of help, but often as a last resort. Participants who sought professional help overall seemed to be satisfied with the service provided to them, although such treatment was mostly related to symptoms relief. Also, many concerns were shared, among them were both their wish for a religious match/ similarity with their MHP, and the perception of a lack of sensibility by their MHP towards religious and spiritual issues. Conclusions and implications for research are provided.

12

Wykorzystanie gier narracyjno-fabularnych w formie psychoterapii

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Fiałkowski M.

Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne

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2020

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issue 3(3)

51-61

EN

The article deals with the therapeutic possibilities of narrative-fiction games and the previously known cases of their use in practice. The author strives to present arguments for the use of these games in the form of treatment, and will also look at their positive therapeutic aspects, but also possible risks associated with the incorrect use of this form in psychotherapy. The data on the therapeutic value of these games presented in the article will be represented by the previous experiences of scientists in this area of research, as well as the author’s personal experiences while working on creating this form of a game.

13

Fashionable nonsense still in fashion

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Witkowski T.

Nauka

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2007

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issue 4

EN

The article is an account of a hoax by the author, which led to publishing a paper introducing a new, non-existent therapy in a popular science monthly, Charaktery. The hoax, partly based on a similar provocation by Alan Sokal in 1996, was designed to examine the possibility of introducing a scientifically untested conception into popular science. Another goal was to provoke a public discussion about the phenomenon of pseudoscience penetrating science. The article recounts the history of the publication and briefly presents the content of the paper; it also shows the basic differences between Sokal’s hoax and the author’s sham. The paper ends with conclusions and questions raised by the experiment.

14

Thirty-Five Years of Research on Neuro-Linguistic Programming. NLP Research Data Base. State of the Art or Pseudoscientific Decoration?

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Witkowski T.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2010

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vol. 41

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issue 2

58-66

EN

The huge popularity of Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) therapies and training has not been accompanied by knowledge of the empirical underpinnings of the concept. The article presents the concept of NLP in the light of empirical research in the Neuro-Linguistic Programming Research Data Base. From among 315 articles the author selected 63 studies published in journals from the Master Journal List of ISI. Out of 33 studies, 18.2% show results supporting the tenets of NLP, 54.5% - results non-supportive of the NLP tenets and 27.3% brings uncertain results. The qualitative analysis indicates the greater weight of the non-supportive studies and their greater methodological worth against the ones supporting the tenets. Results contradict the claim of an empirical basis of NLP.

15

„Ethics of care” and its limitations in psychotherapy and psychological counselling

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Melonowski M.

Psychologia Wychowawcza

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2019

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vol. 57(15)

230-241

EN

The problematic field in this article is one of the most vivid, contemporary dispute, i.e. the dispute between “ethics of care” and “ethics of justice”. “Ethics of care” is Carol Gilligan’s concept derived from her controversy with Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. “Ethics of justice” is a summary term for different concepts developed within the traditional ethics. This traditional ethics tried to name universal principles of acting, independent from the acting person and her feelings. The central categories were “justice” and “the Good”. For the second kind of ethics the central category is “care” and moral duties are gradable. In this article I analyse the controversy in the field of psychotherapy. I maintain that dynamics of psychotherapeutic relation is such that it “imposes” the “ethics of care”. Referring to some examples from clinical practice I tend to prove how dangerous absence of the “ethics of justice” can be in psychotherapy. I claim that using only the “ethics of care” approach in understanding and approaching the patient’s acting may narrow the therapeutic process and slow down the patient’s moral growth.

16

Reflections on group psychotherapy

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White T.

Edukacyjna Analiza Transakcyjna

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2024

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issue 13

17-40

PL

Terapia grupowa jest jedną z podstawowych form psychoterapii, która rozwijała się na przestrzeni lat. Była stosowana na wiele różnych sposobów i różni się pod względem struktury, liczby uczestników i innych aspektów. Pierwotna praktyka analizy transakcyjnej autorstwa Erica Berne'a była terapią grupową, ponieważ pozwalała mu obserwować transakcje między różnymi członkami grupy. Sam stosuję podejście grupowe w psychoterapii od ponad czterdziestu lat, a ten artykuł przedstawia kilka refleksji, obserwacji i technik, które opracowałem w tym czasie w kontekście terapii grupowej. Obejmuje to trzy różne rodzaje pozwoleń, wykorzystanie transakcji odbicia (ang. carom transaction) w terapii grupowej, rolę bezpośrednich relacji transakcyjnych oraz wspólne cechy terapii grupowej i terapii rodzinnej.

EN

Group therapy is one of the foundation forms of psychotherapy that has occurred over the years. It has been used in a multitude of ways and varies widely in how it is structured, how many clients are involved and so forth. Eric Berne’s original practice of transactional analysis was a group therapy because this way he could see the transactions between the various group members. I have used the group approach to psychotherapy for over forty years and this paper looks at just a few of the reflections, observations and techniques that I have developed for group therapy in that time. This includes the three different types of permissions, use of the carom transaction in group therapy, the role of the immediate transactional relationship and the commonality between group therapy and family therapy.

17

Sprawozdanie z Konferencji Naukowej: Obcy. Inny. Taki sam w psychoterapii

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Kulesz Z.

Studia Elbląskie

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2018

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vol. 19

633-639

18

Sprawozdanie z naukowej konferencji: Natura i kultura. Psychoterapia wobec fenomenu agresji we współczesnym świecie

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Kulesz Z.

Studia Elbląskie

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2017

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vol. 18

595-599

19

Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej: Psychoterapia działa. Jak? Refleksje nad procesem psychoterapii

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Kulesz Z.

Studia Elbląskie

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2015

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vol. 16

433-439

20

Alcoholism as a way of dealing with emotions and transformation in relational family therapy

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Simonič B., Cvetek R.

Family Forum

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2022

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vol. 12

121-138

EN

Alcoholism, which is a major public health and social problem, can be viewed from several perspectives, as its occurrence is a multifaceted phenomenon in terms of its development (causes), effects, and maintenance. The Relational Family Therapy paradigm looks at alcoholism and its dynamics in relation to dysfunctional affect regulation. Dysfunctional affect regulation and the general inability to manage emotions are often mentioned in relation to the development and maintenance of alcohol addiction. The mechanism of affect regulation generally refers to internal processes that allow an individual to maintain their emotions to a degree that feels still bearable for them. According to these assumptions, alcoholics drink in order to cope with difficult emotions, either because they have more negative emotional states than others do, or because they lack the internal resources to cope with these negative emotions. For them, consuming alcohol is a series of repeated attempts to regulate heavy emotions, which often stem from painful past experiences. The process of Relational Family Therapy, therefore, as treatment of addiction, focuses on identifying and transforming the dysfunctional regulation of affect, which is behind addictive behavior. By means of action research methodology, this paper presents the approach of Relational Family Therapy in working with an alcoholic client, with an emphasis on the aspects of affect regulation. We show how the client’s alcohol use appeared as a dynamic of inappropriate regulation of a painful core affect. In the process of Relational Family Therapy, a more functional regulation of the core affect was established, thereby reducing symptomatic behavior (alcoholism) in the client.

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