Search results - CEJSH

1

Národ, národní identita a národní hrdost v Evropě

100%

Vlachova K., Rehakova B.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2004

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vol. 40

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issue 4

489-508

EN

This study provides an analysis of national identity in eleven European countries. In the study, national identity is understood as a construct consisting of several elements, four of which are analysed by the authoresses - territorial identity, the image of the nation, national pride, and love for the nation. With regard to the image of the nation, the authoresses focus on the elements that define the cultural nation (ethno-nation) and the political nation (state-nation). With regard to territorial identity they measure localism, regionalism, patriotism, and cosmopolitism (or Europeanism). They also measure national pride in relation to culture and the performance of a state. Finally, the authoresses identify two types of love for the nation - nationalism (or chauvinism) and patriotism.

2

ON THE NATIONAL IDENTITY OF SLAVIC PEOPLE (Z zagadnien tozsamosci narodowej Slowian)

63%

Furdal A.

Rocznik Slawistyczny

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2008

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vol. 57

13-19

EN

The national identity of Slavic people is founded on their language. Within over a thousand years the Slavs have abandoned their ancient religion, changed their customs, established and lost sovereign states. It is only in language and, connected with it, sign systems that Slavic scholars may see the continuation of Slavic identity from pre-Slavic times to these days. Changes within language - natural to the process of language evolution - allow us to talk about the identity of Slavic people that has lasted since the tenth century until today.

3

YOUNG PEOPLE IN BRATISLAVA AND PRAGUE: NATIONAL AND SUPRA-NATIONAL IDENTITIES

63%

Machacek L.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2004

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vol. 36

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issue 3

185-217

EN

The split of Czechoslovakia is a challenge for politicians and sociologists even after a decade. An answer is sought to the question of whether the actions of the political elite were justified in the light of the commencement of European integration and the complicated split of the big federations (Yugoslavia and Soviet Union) with the consequences for peace and European stability. An answer is sought to the question of whether the Slovak or Czech public would support or refuse their decision if they had been given a referendum on the matter. In 2003, Slovakia, along with the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia, Estonia and Malta, successfully concluded pre-accession negotiations for EU membership (guarantee of implementing the standards of democratic governance), which officially begins on May 1st 2004. Being more enthusiastic for the newly independent Slovak Republic does not necessarily translate itself into lesser enthusiasm about Europe and European Union. However, young people from the Bratislava consider being future EU citizens as more important than young people from the Prague The young citizens of Bratislava have much greater expectations in Slovakia's EU membership at the level of 'being' in Europe than 'having' something from Europe. Slovakia will gain by EU membership a certificate of democratic country and 'the Slovak chair at the European table'

4

The relationship between the language and the national identity according to Ukrainian students of Polish origin

63%

Kijewska A.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2004

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vol. 39

267-283

EN

The article was written on the basis of the statements made by Ukrainian students of Polish origin recorded between 2001 and 2002. The speakers supported an opinion that was incomprehensible to most of the native speakers of Polish: one neither needs to know the mother tongue of a given nation nor speak it on a regular basis to feel a rightful member of the nation (the knowledge of Polish is not necessary to feel a Pole and, correspondingly, one does not need to speak Ukrainian to feel a Ukrainian). Therefore, contrary to what is generally believed, the language is not an indispensable component of national identity. Such a conclusion can be drawn on the basis of statements concerning the attitude towards Ukrainian in case of students declaring Ukrainian nationality and the attitude towards Polish in case of students declaring Polish nationality. The speakers' opinions on this subject vary depending on where they live in Ukraine. Regardless of that, the language may constitute a welding element for a multinational community. Such is the case with Russian among the Poles from the East studying in Poland though some of the students reject Russian as the national/official language in the country of their origin.

5

THE GREEK CATHOLIC APOSTOLIC EXARCHATE IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: THE RUTHENIAN, SLOVAKIAN, CZECH AND UKRAINIAN CHURCHES (Apostolski egzarchat grekokatolicki w Republice Czeskiej. Kosciól rusinski, slowacki, czeski i ukrainski)

63%

Palka E., Szyszlak T.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2009

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issue 34

65-81

EN

The article investigates the contemporary Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic. The Greek Catholic communities both in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia commonly refer to the cyrilomethodian tradition, the origins of which are best viewed from their genesis in the act of Uzhhorod Union in 1646. The Greek Catholic Church in the Czech territory did not take on an institutionalized form, however, until the interwar period when many Slovaks and Ruthenians (Ukrainians) from the Subcarpathian Rus, now known as Carpathian Ruthenia, as well as Ukrainians from Galicia and Russians, started to settle in Prague and other main urban centers. The Greek Catholic Church in the Czech and Slovak territories not only satisfied the religious needs of its worshippers, it also performed an important role in shaping and strengthening cultural and national identity of its members, especially those of Ruthenian nationality. The negative consequence of this fact was both using the Church to manipulate the nation-building processes and its liquidation after WWII in the aftermath of the struggle against all manifestations of Ruthenism / Ruthenian national identity. On the other hand, the Church proved it was able to preserve its multicultural character. The authors advance a thesis that acknowledges that the Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic has a multicultural character, that is also Ruthenian, Slovakian, Czech and Ukrainian, as is reflected in the second part of the title of the article.

6

Problems of research of Lemkos’ national identity in historiography: political tendency and scientific assessment

51%

Krasiwski O., Lyubchyk I.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2012

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issue 6

47-59

EN

The article attempts to trace the scientific achievements of Polish, Slovak and Ukrainian scholars in the studies of national identity of the Lemkos. Our approach is novel in the sense that it considers the entirety of historiography concerned with Lemkivshchyna - as an integral historical and ethnographic region, which is justified in terms of science and methodology. The attention is focused on specific periodization, which allows one to isolate specific stages in the historiography of Lemkivshchyna. In this context, the studies dating from the last quarter of the 19th century and the early 20th century are particularly valuable. A number of works written in that period have lost nothing of their relevance. It has already been emphasized that the early 1990s were the most productive period for the Polish, Slovak and Ukrainian research of Lemkivshchyna. Undoubtedly, the intensity of democratic feeling in Central-Eastern Europe played a part. \ Particular attention is paid to the analysis of Polish historiography. At the same time, the authors stress that the issues receives significantly less attention from the Ukrainian researchers, which results in a small number of publications. The authors conclude that all in all, despite a certain number of available scientific treatises, a comprehensive ethnological study of the historical and ethnographic region of Lemkivshchyna is still lacking. Such studies should define the features of creating and consolidating national identity of the Lemkos. Indeed, embarking on and publishing extensive and complex historical-ethnological studies would negate the existing biased interpretations regarding this issue.

7

A RESTORED GERMAN IDENTITY (Odrodzona tozsamosc niemiecka)

51%

Kobzarska-Bar B.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2010

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issue 2(335)

3-16

EN

Twenty years have passed since the unification of Germany in 1990, during which time the inhabitants of this country have regained self-confidence as a nation and have started to create their national identity. The results of sociological research and commonness of national symbolism indicate a revival of national self-identification of the German nation. Political elites, in which a generation change has taken place, have assessed the social needs properly and now give the society a new ideological offer. However, the German raison d'état formulated by them is not always favorably received by the public, as in the case of declaration of particular responsibility for the stabilization activities in the world, a responsibility which rests with Germany affected by the Nazi past.

8

The role of national identity on shaping social networks in Transsylvania

51%

Veres V.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

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2007

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vol. 17

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issue 1-2

47-70

EN

The purpose of this study is to analyse in detail the manifestation and influence of national identity dimensions of Transylvanian social networks in inter-ethnic perspective. The empirical data came from the research entitled 'The Influence of National Identities of Social Networks between Romanians and Hungarians from Romania' and the data was collected in February 2000. The sample consists of 1756 cases, of which 831 are ethnic Romanian Dases, 925 are ethnic Hungarian, all from Transylvania.It was observed that national attitudes have an important role in forming social relations. The social networks of the Hungarians from Transylvania are organised on an ethnocentric basis, hardly intersecting with the Romanian's social networks and vice-versa. The social groups which are less affected by ethnocentric socialisation, have more inter-ethnic relations than the others, such as less educated people, the Romanian youngsters and the Hungarian older people. The Transylvanians have more inter-ethnic relations in the case of weak ties. We can observe different tendencies between the different youngsters according to ethnicity in the proportion of inter-ethnic social relations.

9

CONTROVERSIES OVER THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BERLIN CASTLE AS AN EXPRESSION OF THE DEBATE ON THE IDENTITY OF GERMANS (Kontrowersje wokól odbudowy zamku berlinskiego jako wyraz sporu o tozsamosc Niemców)

51%

Waginska-Marzec M.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2009

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issue 4(333)

65-99

EN

The reunification of Germany in 1990 led to a resumption of the issue of reshaping the historical center of Berlin. Plans to reconstruct the city castle, also known under the name of Berlin city palace, as a former seat of the margraves and electors of Brandenburg gave rise to considerable controversies. The original castle, erected in the years 1443-1451 by order of the Prince Elector Frederick II was in the course of time redecorated and rebuilt a number of times. Towards the end of the Second World War it was seriously damaged. As a result of the division of Germany the complex of the castle together with the Museum Island was within the territory of the GDR. In 1950, at the request of Walter Ulbrich, the then leader of the communist SED, the remains of the castle were demolished and in 1973 the Palace of the Republic was built on the site. Following the reunification of Germany, a special body of experts: the Berlin Historical Center (Historische Mitte Berlin) was summoned with a task to work out concrete solutions for the development of the castle site and the architectonic shape of the new castle building as well as to prepare a statement of the purposes the building was to serve in the future. On 28 November 2008 the verdict of the jury was announced concerning the project of the castle's reconstruction and the winner was an Italian architect, Francesco Stella. In accordance with the recommendations of the Historische Mitte Berlin Committee, the new castle building for which the name of Humboldt-Forum was adopted, is to become a place of 'dialogue between cultures and science', serving museum and university purposes. The building is to be completed in 2013, and at the latest in 2015. The debate over the castle revealed differences in attitudes to tradition and past events as well as varying visions of the future in the German society. It is an expression of seeking their national identity by the Germans after the fall of the Berlin wall. It also exposed differences in aesthetic attitudes between supporters of tradition and advocates of innovative architecture.

10

Tak vás tu máme bratři z krve Kainovy… Rok 1968 w czeskiej œwiadomoœci literackiej, historycznej oraz kulturowej

51%

Kowalska U.

Bohemistyka

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2014

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vol. 14

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issue 2

144 - 184

EN

The main intention of the article was to find, introduce and analyze patterns that are present in Czech culture and that both: directly and symbolically pertain to a very specific period of a Czech history. My intention was to indicate several subjects, themes and motives, characteristic for the journalism and generation thoughts of this time period. I am introducing problems that deem to be fundamental for Czech philosophy of history and literature, and that enable interpretation of events of the year 1968, which can be treated as a breakthrough in Czech history. Amongst them, there is an afterthought over Czech faith and history, escape into privacy, the question of national identity, historical consciousness and responsibility, faith in identity-building myths. I was also trying to analyze specific ways of collective resistance shown on streets of Prague during first days after invasion.

11

ON IDENTITY (PARTICULARLY NATIONAL)

51%

Szacki J.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2004

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vol. 48

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issue 3

9-40

EN

The article deals with some general problems involved in the current identity debate and addresses a number of questions which seem to be basic for the issue of national identity: (1) what we really mean when we attribute identity a nation?; (2) is it possible to speak about collective identity without falling into holistic fallacy?; (3) what is the meaning of constructivism v. essentialism controversy?; (4) is it possible today to consider national identity as a so-called master identity?

12

RELIGION AND SLOVAK NATIONAL IDENTITY (Religia a slowacka tozsamosc narodowa)

51%

Zenderowski R.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2010

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issue 1(334)

163-185

EN

The article seeks to answer the question of the role and significance of religion in constructing contemporary Slovak national identity. In his attempted answer, the author describes the relations between religion and the nation, and religion and nationalism in Central-Eastern Europe. He then reflects on the issue of the place of Christianity within the public sphere as an object of political debate in Slovakia after 1989. The answer to the problem is sought by analyzing both the public discourse in Slovakia after 1989 and by referring to the symbolic sphere (the symbolism of currency, national feasts and public places).

13

EVROPSKÁ IDENTITA V POSTOJÍCH GRUZÍNSKÉ SPOLEČNOSTI A ZAHRANIČNĚ POLITICKÉ ORIENTACI ZEMĚ

51%

Kašpar J., Hoch T.

Annales Scientia Politica

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 2

33 – 41

EN

This paper analyses Georgian national identity from the position of liberal and constructivist approaches to international relations theory. Based on this theoretical framework, the aim of this text is to contribute to our understanding of how the European vector of Georgian national identity is constructed and how it impacts upon the pro-Western discourse of Georgian foreign policy. The research was conducted through an analysis of the academic literature supplemented by public opinion surveys in Georgia and the interviews with Georgian academics and members of civil society, carried out in June and July 2015.

14

LE PATRIE DEL POETA PER KAZIMIERA IŁŁAKOWICZÓWNA

51%

Jaworska K.

pl.it / rassegna italiana di argomenti polacchi

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2019

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issue 10

17-31

EN

The paper focuses on the different meanings that the idea of homeland is expressed in Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna’s poetry, comparing them also with what she writes about it in her prose and in private correspondence, in order to find out if and how her attitude toward identitarian matters changed during her long lifetime. Iłłakowiczówna’s case seems particularly relevant in this respect since she lived in a multicultural environment and happened to approach several languages and cultures, and also because of the tensions she had to endure due to the dramatic events that occurred in Central Europe in the course of the century.

15

COLLECTIVE MEMORY IN CONSTRUCTING A NEW IDENTITY OF SPANIARDS (Pamiec zbiorowa w budowaniu nowej tozsamosci Hiszpanów)

51%

Józefowicz M.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2010

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issue 1(334)

187-205

EN

The article shows the significance of collective memory in shaping Spanish national identity and presents the functioning of historical memory in socio-political space and culture. During the process of democratization, memory was a factor stimulating the peaceful character of changes then ongoing in Spain. In time its condition underwent major adjustments, passing through subsequent stages that corresponded with the current socio-political circumstances. The article analyzes the controversies that had accumulated around historical memory and are connected with the revision of history, including the civil war (1936-1939) followed by the institution of dictatorship by general Francisco Franco and the democratic transformation after the dictator's death in 1975. Gradually, it has become possible to view the past with relative calm and to undertake attempts at defining it. In culture, alternative forms of settling accounts with the past were sought. Artistic production, such as, among others, national songs and feature films restore memory, shape new forms of its development and compensate for the lack of possibilities of speaking openly about history and for the shortcomings of language.

16

NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE EXHIBITION OF THE SILESIAN MUSEUM: A CASE STUDY BASED ON THE METHODOLOGY OF DISPOSITIVE ANALYSIS

51%

Kolaříková V.

Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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2024

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vol. 12

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issue 1

5 - 27

EN

This study presents research on the exhibition Encyclopaedia of Silesia at the Silesian Museum in Opava. The aim of the research was to identify the form of Czech national identity that is constructed and reconstructed by this exhibition, by focusing on the elements and narratives through which Czech national identity is presented and constructed. It also examines whether these elements replicate the prevailing ideas and stereotypes related to this identity in society. The research takes the form of a case study based on dispositional analysis, and showed that the narrative of Czech national identity appears in the exhibition. This confirmed that national identity can emerge not only in national museums but also in other types of museum – in this case a regional museum in which national and regional identities are intertwined.

17

HIIS SITES IN THE RESEARCH HISTORY OF ESTONIAN SACRED PLACES (Hiied Eesti pyhapaikade uurimisloos)

51%

Jonuks T.

Mäetagused

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2009

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vol. 42

33-54

EN

Sacred natural places, among which hiis sites form the best known and the most thoroughly investigated part, have started to attract multifarious scientific interest only recently. Although pagan sanctuaries have been the object of research for the clergy, politicians, and historians already since the 18th century, more general and analytical studies are still lacking. The article offers a historiographical overview of sacred natural sites in Estonia and points out some aspects which play an important role in the studies. Estonian scholars have mostly avoided the subject of the sacred grove following the major study by Oskar Loorits. On the one hand it is definitely connected with condemning of religious studies in the Soviet period of scientific atheism. On the other hand, it is related to the public attitudes towards hiis and the ideological pressure of the Soviet period, which implied that hiis marked the religion of ancient and independent Estonians. Hiis sites were first associated with archaeological material in the 1990s and it has been pointed out that there is no essential connection between hiis sites and graves. Objecting to earlier interpretations, it has been suggested that hiis places have been separate sites on landscape and their initial semantic field was not necessarily connected with the dead and the burial site at all. Instead, the dominant element of landscape may have been chosen as a holy site and the latter may have been used also as a burial place. Explanation of the principles for selecting a place for the hiis has been an important topic in the past decade. Relying primarily on the concepts of holiness, anomaly, distinction from the surroundings, prominence and the presence of natural border have been stressed. A new perspective is also offered, stressing energetic field and flora anomalies. It is clear that since the majority of sources available on hiis sites is formed by undatable folk tradition, all speculations on the topic are very complicated and holy sites are perceived as something belonging to some timeless past. It is apparent that the general name hiis, holy or offering place applies to sites from different periods, some of which dating back even to the Late Bronze Age, while others might have been taken into use relatively recently.

18

KUCHAŘSKÉ KNIHY A NÁRODNÍ IDENTITA V 19. STOLETÍ. MODEL Z ROKU 1826: DOMÁCÍ KUCHAŘKA ANEB POJEDNÁNÍ O MASITÝCH A POSTNÍCH POKRMECH PRO DCERKY ČESKÉ A MORAVSKÉ OD MAGDALENY DOBROMILY RETTIGOVÉ

51%

Lenderová M.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2015

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vol. 19

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issue 2

195 – 205

EN

The study focuses on the Home Cookery Book by Magdalena Dobromila Rettigová that was first published in 1826. The author analyses the book firstly in context of gastronomic trends of the period, secondly as a collective memory factor, thirdly as an expression of an attempt to codify the literary Czech language, fourthly as a model concept for future cookery books and last but not least, the author´s testimony of her life.

19

Ashutosha Gowarikera lekcja patriotyzmu, czyli o roli kina indyjskiego w konstruowaniu tożsamości narodowej

51%

Śmigiel P.

Studia Filmoznawcze

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2011

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vol. 32

13-26

EN

The paper is devoted to the nationalistic character of Indian film narratives given by Ashutosh Gowariker in his three movies: Lagaan, Swades and Jodhaa Akbar. Taking the cultural understanding of nationalism derived from the theories of Benedict Anderson, Eric Hobsbawn and Anthony Smith as a starting point, the author attempts to show how the director tries to build his narrations about India as an ‘imagined community.’ Since both cinema and the idea of ‘nation’ appeared in the subcontinent at approximately the same time, it is exceedingly essential to recognize the vital implications of their coexistence. Ashutosh Gowariker’s movies are one of the most interesting samples of Indian cinema’s endeavour to promote the idea of united India where people with different religious, ethnic and social backgrounds can live in peace and harmony. The nationalistic rhetoric manifests itself in the portrayal of the community’s solidarity against colonial exploitation, in the representation of both ideal Indian women and emigrant patriot, and finally in apotheosis of the great Muslim ruler whose tolerance serves as a role model for contemporary India and its struggle in facing the growth of religious fundamentalism.

20

IDENTIFICATION WITH LARGE SCALE SOCIAL CATEGORIES: A SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY PERSPECTIVE

51%

Lasticova B.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2006

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vol. 38

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issue 6

546-561

EN

This paper reviews social psychology approach to the study of the group identities based on social identity and the self-categorization theories. These are discussed with respect to multiple category memberships and identification with the large scale social categories such as nation and Europe. The assumption about hierarchical relations between the nested categories is criticised and it is argued that the perceptualist approach to social categorization should be combined with the approaches taking into account the role of language and discourse in the processes of identification. Finally, some methodological implications are outlined.

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