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Fikční jména, fikční entity a role předstírání: chvála abstinence

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Koťátko P.
Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)
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2016
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vol. 53
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issue 26
93-101
EN
The paper explores the functions of names of fictional characters, like Emma Bovary, at various levels of fictional discourse: the author suggests an analysis of their textual, paratextual, intertextual and metatextual use, as well as of the negative existential claims which include fictional names. In polemics with widely shared views he argues that proper interpretation of neither of these uses requires introducing fictional characters as abstract entities into our ontology and that neither of them is (typically) made in the mode of pretense.
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FICTIONAL NAMES, FICTIONAL CHARACTERS AND PERSONS REFERRED TO IN NARRATIVE FICTION

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Koťátko P.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2017
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vol. 24
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issue 3
308 - 338
EN
The paper is based on a strict distinction between the notion of a person referred to by a fictional name, as uttered within a text of narrative fiction, and the notion of a fictional character. The literary functions of such a text require the reader to interpret the occurrences of a fictional name as records of utterances of that name by the narrator, referring to that individual which has been assigned that name at the beginning of the chain to which these utterances belong. This, according to the author’s view, provides proper basis also for interpretation of various kinds of extra textual use of fictional names. A literary character is, on the contrary, an element of a construction of a literary work and is identified by a set of requirements (e.g. of the kind mentioned above) imposed by the text’s literary functions on the reader. The author attempts to justify the assumption that the referential function of fictional names so understood is to be interpreted as directed to the actual world (rather than to an artificial world created by the writer), to specify the (rather limited) role reserved for pretence within this approach, to explain the implications of this account of fictional characters for the dispute between realists and anti-realists in this field etc.
3
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Interpretace narativní fikce: kolik světů je zapotřebí?

100%
Koťátko P.
Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)
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2020
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issue 61
33-48
EN
The author continues in defending the view that the texts of narrative fiction direct our thought and imagination to the real world of our life: the storyworld is the state of the real world we are supposed to accept (in the as if mode) as actual. He argues that in interpreting fiction we do not project counterfactual scenarios or states of affairs into another world, construed for this purpose: instead, we project them into the real world via accepting them (in the as if mode) as facts of this world. This view is incompatible with the fictional worlds theory but admits the application of the apparatus of the possible worlds theory (provided that we accept Saul Kripke’s interpretation of possible worlds as “total ways the world might have been”). The author confronts his position with the views recently presented by Stacie Friend and replies to a new counter-example designed to show that the identification of a storyworld with the real world can be blocked by an explicit metafictional pronouncement.
4
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Lubomír Doležel o postmoderně Sebeodhalení a protimluvy jako tahy v narativní hře

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Koťátko P.
Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)
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2016
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vol. 53
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issue 26
19-26
EN
The paper critically interprets the analysis of characteristic features of the postmodern narrative fiction in Lubomír Doležel’s Heterocosmica (1998) and Heterocosmica II (2014). In particular, the author focuses on Doležel’s approach to metafiction and cumulation of contradictions as moves undermining (in a literarily productive way) the constitution and authentication of fictional worlds. Despite the explanatory power of Doležel’s analysis, the author points out that the same instruments (as well as some others analyzed by Doležel, like metamorphosis or construction of parallel and hybrid worlds) can be used with mimetic functions (in a rather non-traditional sense): in such cases, they cannot be reduced to moves within the postmodernist „ontological game“.
5
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Nesrozumitelnost světa a nevymezitelnost viny: kafkovské poznámky

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Koťátko P.
Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)
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2021
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vol. 31
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issue 1
26-40
EN
The paper focuses on the functions of detailed analyses and pedantic explanations of situations and events provided by Kafka’s characters. Taken together, they create the impression of a solid orientation within the system. Nevertheless, the more elaborate and compact they are, the more they make it clear that the system, by its very nature, resists understanding. The incomprehensibility of the world, amplified by explanations, implies the inextricability of guilt (in analogy to Quine’s inextricability of meaning): it is impossible to identify those elements of the protagonist’s biography which constitute his guilt and separate them from the “innocent” rest.he article overviews the evolution of The Art of Translation by Jiří Levý starting with the genesis of the original Czech version, which can be considered the culmination of the author’s academic career. The first foreign languages the book was translated into were German and Russian. Since the Czech original was strongly imbedded in the Czech culture and literature, the translation required adaptations to the target cultures. The paper aims to trace the translation process of Levý’s publication with the main focus on its German version. Together with the Czech original, this version served as the basis for the second Czech edition. the final part of the article focuses on the international reception of Levý’s masterpiece and introduces its recent translations into foreign languages.
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