The Baltic Sea Region is an area with huge potential but it still can not develop as expected internal cooperation. This article aim is to determine the competitive position of the regions bordering the Baltic Sea and - by using hierarchical cluster analysis - to identify networks of regional cooperation possible to develop.
The aim of this article is to present its own proposals on the general requirements to be used to construct the implementation instructions. This proposal was developed with detailed algorithm of conduct investigator, who in collaboration with the farmer implements the novelties. The basis for its creation were information obtained from a review of literature and the author’s practical knowledge acquired during long-term cooperation with the public agricultural advisory service in their self-directed extensions activities and implementations activities in collaboration with science. In this article a basic conceptual apparatus concerning one of the innovation processes, which is the process of the formation of agricultural innovations, has been arranged. Also noted on the unfortunate circumstances for the achievement of the implementation phase by science, caused by the current system of parameter evaluation of the scientific units, which according to the author, should be immediately changed.
The conducted investigations concern pedagogical innovation and their conditionings. The article presents the factors, which weaken and strengthen innovation activity. It also seeks an answer to the question: 'what conditions have to be met so that Polish schools become more innovative'.
In this paper competitive ability was defined as long term skill of delivering products or services, accepted by market. Model of this ability is described by function of environment conditions, their perception by management, awareness of this management, innovative reaction time, resources (especially HR and intellectual capital) and motivation. Innovation was showed as instrument of building of competition advantages. HR was showed not only as a field of competition advantages but also as creating power of innovation. The analysis of industrial enterprises points to the managerial staff attitudes as a decisive factor of enterprises innovation activities and economic status.
Broadly defined innovation and creativity are, nowadays, the key factors of economic growth. They are the main driving force of development. Since there is a positive correlation between innovation and an economy's efficiency or its attractiveness for investors, implementation of novel and creative solutions can help achieve enhanced business results. Innovation and creativity are instrumental in creating a sustainable competitive advantage in the global market. The ability to create, implement and promote innovation depends largely on the available resources and on the state innovation policy. In the coming years, Poland is going to face the problem of low level of innovation, as well as the dearth of innovation factors. Among the weaknesses of the Polish innovation system are: inefficient utilisation of human capital, low expenditure on R&D activity, considerable dependence on budgetary financing, weak self-innovation ability of small and medium-sized enterprises, poor cooperation between businesses and research institutions, and the mismatch between research activities and the needs of the manufacturing and service sectors. The low level of innovation hampers economic growth and threatens sustainable development. In view of the above, there is a need to define the directions of innovation policy of the state and to improve the conditions for innovation in Poland.
A proper functioning, including emerging integration systems in a given economy serve as one of the essential conditions for its dynamic expansion. Greater performance efficiency in companies, higher levels of innovation and increased entrepreneurial activity in the region are among the benefits accruing from the existence of a cluster here. a properly managed cluster is also guarantee for creation of new jobs. The development of integrative linkages is hinged on a multi-faceted support from the local environment.
The European Union aims to become the leading knowledge-based region of the world by 2010. Innovation as a major source of competitiveness and economic growth has been brought to the center of regional development policies. After joining the European Union this constitutes a serious challenge for Hungary since the country's competitiveness depends not only on the effectiveness and development level of its innovation system but also on the extent to which the country is capable of a successful integration to the European Research Area. After surveying the international (i.e., the US and the EU) experience and the relevant literature this paper provides an analysis on the prospect of an innovation-based regional development strategy for Hungary particularly on the role universities might play in that. The main focus is on the institutional and regulatory frameworks of innovation with a special attention to the characteristics of university R&D financing.
The article presents some aspects of innovation capital management from the perspective of research on the state of innovation and awareness of pro-innovation in the sector of small and medium enterprises of the Opolskie voivodeship. The research was conducted due to the need of a Regional Innovation Strategy for the Opolskie voivodeship. The evaluation of selected aspects of innovation capital was made by comparing the results obtained in 2007 on behalf of the Academic Business Incubator of the Technology University of Opole, and in 2009 at the request of Opole Centre for Economic Development. Both of the studies were performed with a comparable research sample.
Social changes follow on constant way. Trends – either economical or connected with life style – have an impact on tourism since it is an element of social life. It is important for tourism sector to know these changes early enough. New elements in touristic offer are connected with need of creating and implementation innovations, which more often are basic condition of development. Knowledge, experience and managers skills how to use new products in management process, become main carrier of touristic enterprises success. The implementation of innovations based on analysis of enterprises environment is often determined by need of gaining supplementary financial funds from foreign sources. Those issues are characterized in the article and based on case of touristic enterprise, which in its strategy includes modern customers' preferences and has developed towards modernization, which helped to develop Wellnes&SPA products. Effects are subjected to evaluation in Balanced Score Card.
In this article the author analyses franchising form of brand use from the point of view of marketing of innovations, in peculiar defines place, role and particularities of franchising in the process of marketing of innovation on its way from the manufacturer to the consumer. Survey of the contemporary state and problems of franchising in Ukraine is conducted.
The most innovative and growing branches in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship are presented as well as their location in specific ‘poviats' (region on NUTS 4 level) and the best prospering ‘gminas' (communities) of the region. A correlation analysis between the location of innovative, growing branches and prospering territories showed a positive relation. It means that innovative branches, as the theory of growth poles states, influence quicker development of territories.
In the article, from the standpoint of the content of the concept of "green" economy and eco-innovation, it is concluded the need to create regional innovation system focused on achieving the goals of the green development of the region. It is emphasized the need to define a strategic vector of development of the region basing on the determination of the most important socio-ecological-economic problems of the region and assessment of its capacity to implement eco-innovations. There are proposed the directions of diagnostic of eco-innovation potential of the region based on assessment of environmental friendliness of its components: market, research, production and infrastructure, institutional. Depending on the level of capacity to implement environmentally-oriented innovation in the region (low, medium, high) it is proposed to use such strategies of regional development: adaptation of innovative processes in terms of "green" economy; the development of models of "green" production and consumption in some sectors of the regional economic complex; the strategy of "green" sustainable development of the region. The necessity of changing the organizational forms of realization of the process of institutional management of innovations: the formation of the partnership model of interaction with the business, as well as the promotion of grassroots innovation in the most important areas of social development.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an important element of modern management system of innovative companies in agribusiness, that allows better interaction with various groups of stakeholders involved. Innovation in agribusiness is a necessity arising from a frequent need of adjustment to the requirements of a market economy. Important factors of the development of an enterprise are: implementation of the innovation, openness to ideas of employees, friendly and partner relations with people generating ideas, support of independent employees and their way of thinking.
The paper identifies the problems concerning innovations in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In the first part of the article the authors discuss definitional issues and characterize innovations in SMEs. The following part of the paper focuses on describing the factors and barriers influencing innovations in such types of enterprises.
Idea of regionalism appeared in Province in late nineteenth century in a particular cultural moment in the history of France. At the turn of century it spread across the Europe. In Poland ‘regionalism’ became popular during the interwar period as it has been adopted in institutional and organizational way. However, the term has begun to function in an ordinary usage and became a part of the common-sense only since last two decades. Nowadays, the term ‘regionalism’ exists in three meanings: (1) regional ideology, consciousness, or identity; (2) overall of cultural efforts undertaken within a region which determine its uniqueness and originality (such efforts continue spontaneously although they may be also guided institutionally and purposely in order to preserve the identity of region); (3) sociocultural movement whose activities seek to popularize regional consciousness. The contemporary regional movement declares to fulfill tasks which represent continuation of the aims of regional activity in Second Polish Republic. However, it focuses on spreading regional tradition rather than on activity aiming at ‘creation of present day’, i.e. on attempt to intervene in social processes within local or regional boundaries (e.g. transformation and modernization which constitute the contemporary reality and regional differentiation). According to sociologists, present ‘Wielo-Polska’ (‘Multi-Poland’) encompasses fields defined by wealth, inhabitants, citizen activities and absenteeism, development and level of education among the population, level and scale of foreign investment, and technological innovation. The contemporary regional movement should consider this matter. It has to try to activate local and regional communities, promote enterprise, civic engagement, pro-innovation attitudes, and educational aspirations. Nonetheless, it has also to take into account regional and local traditions. This general and complex task defines the sense of contemporary regionalism.
The significance of innovativeness and intellectual capital for the future development of the country is recently widely discussed in Poland. Simultaneously, not much attention is devoted to study of such fundamental area for economy as intellectual and industrial property. In the present study, the author presents the main challenges and problems concerning the protection of intellectual property in Poland.
Regional Research and Innovation Policy in Action - the Efficient Tools for Regional Catching-up in New Member States (Regions of Knowledge - FP6). The regional practices of innovation policy in eight EU member states are presented in case studies, elaborated for one region in each country with South Moravia representing the Czech Republic. South Moravian innovation policy is analyzed in three fundamental dimensions: strategy formation, policy deployment, and practices at the programme level. These are the constituent elements of the process that was defined by the ProAct consortium as so called 'ProAct policy learning cycle'. The benchmark methodology (The ProAct Benchmarking Framework) was applied in the case studies to explore good practices in regional innovation and research policy. In the study, the role of South Moravian Innovation Centre (JIC - Jihomoravske inovacni centrum) is highlighted.
National economies are looking for ways to stabilize their performance and ensure continuous economic growth. Innovative environment that supports innovation activity of enterprises can stimulate firms to increase efficiency and finding new business opportunities. Strategic innovation and continuous process of innovation are the determinants of sustainable competitive advantage. The authors of this paper prove on the base of the empirical study the existence of causal relationship between the implementation of the principles of knowledge management and the innovation potential of enterprises. Thus they indirectly demonstrate the existence of a causal nexus between the change towards a learning organization and the sustainable competitive advantage achievement. Knowledge management can be then designated as an important determinant of the sustainable competitiveness.
The paper is an attempt to discuss problems of trees outside forest in the light of agroforestry, Common Agricultural Policy and the rules established by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Poland. Among other things, it looks at the opportunities and threats for agroforestry development in Polish agriculture. Given wide discrepancies between legal definitions concerning agroforestry, trees outside forest and woodlands within EU CAP policy as well as within Polish legislation, this fact threatens the sustainable development of rural areas, in particular where environmental and globalization problems are increasing. In view of these challenges, trees outside forest are the key element of integrated and sustainable land management and fully conform with the concept of bio-economy. This approach implements eco-innovative solutions and can be used in order to produce timber or wood for bioenergy. This supports also local development and reinforce the sense of belonging to the community.
Author points at some chosen problems of efficiency of enterprise’s innovation activity. Paper is and attempt to show the complexity of this concept an its consequences for innovation management.
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