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PERSONITE PROBLEM AND THE STAGE-THEORETIC REPLY

100%
Noonan H.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2022
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vol. 29
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issue 2
275 – 282
EN
Personites are shorter-lived, person-like things that extend across part of a person’s life. Their existence follows from the standard perdurance view of persons. Johnston argues that it has bizarre moral consequences. For example, it renders morally problematic spending time learning a difficult language in anticipation of going abroad. The crucial thought is that if persons have moral status so do personites. Johnston argues for this claim. Kaiserman responds, on behalf of stage theory that this only works on a perdurantist account. This is a conservative response to the problem. It seeks to show that retaining the ontology of perdurantism one can resolve the difficulty by a semantic change. I show that the personite problem can be reworked as an argument against stage theorists. The stage theorist can respond by rejecting an assumption of the reasoning. But if it is acceptable for him to do so the perdurantist can reject this assumption too, which is enough by itself to block Johnston’s argument. Thus, for all it helps with the personite problem, stage theorists might as well be perdurantists.
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THE SCOURGE: MORAL IMPLICATIONS OF NATURAL EMBRYO LOSS (Plaga. Moralne konsekwencje naturalnej utraty embrionu)

100%
Ord T.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2009
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vol. 10
63-79
EN
It is often claimed that from the moment of conception embryos have the same moral status as adult humans. This claim plays a central role in many arguments against abortion, in vitro fertilization, and stem cell research. In the paper I show that this claim leads directly to an unexpected and unwelcome conclusion: that natural embryo loss is one of the greatest problems of our time and that we must do almost everything in our power to prevent it. I examine the responses available to those who hold that embryos have full moral status and conclude that they cannot avoid the force of this argument without giving up this key claim. The original version was published in 'The American Journal of Bioethics' 8(7), 2008, 12-19. We would like to thank the Editorial Staff, and particularly the Executive Managing Editor, Summer Johnson PhD, for giving their permission to publish a Polish translation.
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