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INTUITION IN MANAGERS' MENTAL MODELS

100%
Laszczak M.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2010
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vol. 13
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issue 4
-
EN
Managers' thinking is based on a mental model developed over years. Elements of this model are derived from the experience, observation and rules referring to the market phenomena. There are also numerous areas of ignorance and uncertainty. Even the important features of the distant future are only hypothetical. In order to get rid of the uncertainty managers use intuitive thinking. It contains the creative root in itself. Intuition is able to fill up some areas of the ignorance and gives managers the impression of the full knowledge about surrounding world. Finally an intuition becomes a test of the quality of managers and the evidence of their intellectual efficiency.
2

INFERENCE OR BEHAVIOUR - ON THE INFERENCES FROM CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

100%
Mackiewicz R.
Psychological Studies
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2007
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vol. 45
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issue 4
41-50
EN
The purpose of the study was to present the discussion between two accounts of conditional reasoning: the mental model theory and the suppositional account. The paper present a critical analysis of both accounts with the review of the arguments provided by the proponents of both theories. According to the mental model account conditional inference is made through building mental models compatible with the information given in the premises. The models can be modified by means of semantic and pragmatic modulation. The proponents of the suppositional theory state that basic understanding of a conditional is psychologically equivalent to the conditional probability of the consequent given the antecedent. The conflict between both accounts may be a result of different methodologies but the main argument concerns the assumption of the truth-functionality. In the view of the model theory the beliefs are certain if there are no counterexamples that contradict those beliefs.
3

How order of information affects reasoning

100%
Mackiewicz R., Johnson-Laird P. N.
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2004
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vol. 35
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issue 4
197-208
EN
The theory of mental models predicts that the difficulty of deductive reasoning should depend in part on the order of processing the premises. Those orders that call for an initial construction of multiple models should be harder than those that call for an initial construction of only one model that can be merely updated from subsequent premises. Experiment 1 demonstrated effects of order in the evaluation of given conclusions, and it eliminated potential confounds, including the coherence of the sequence of clauses in the premises. Experiment 2 corroborated the prediction in a more complex task in which the participants drew conclusions for themselves. Order affected both the times they took to read the premises and the accuracy of their conclusions. The paper discusses the results in the light of current theories of reasoning.
4
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ECONOMIC CRISES - GLOBAL AND LOCAL - IN REFLECTION OF POLISH PRESS (Kryzys ekonomiczny. Globalne i lokalne spojrzenie polskiej prasy)

88%
Nawojczyk M. K. G.
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
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2010
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vol. 8
69-85
EN
One of the sociological features of the current economic crises had been its beginning as a media fact rather than economic reality for ordinary people in Poland. Until the very end of 2008 the offi cial strategy of Polish government was denying of present of any economic crises in Poland: 'The Polish economy as well as Polish banking system are used to be healthy and in good conditions and we will be suffer a little slow done because we are not an island'. Unfortunately it occurs not to be true. Based on discourse analysis of two major Polish daily and two weekly we would like to show the evolution of narrative describing crises in global terms and particularly at the domestic market. What was the picture of global crises at the beginning of this discussion, how it supposed to affect Poland, who serve as experts and opinion givers and finally how through the language we can observe the change from 'slow down' to 'crises'? This are basic questions we would like to answer in our text.
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