Search results

1

Funkcjonowanie nazwisk pochodzenia niemieckiego w siedemnasto- i osiemnastowiecznych rejestrach poznańskich podatników czopowego. Świadectwa polonizacji

100%

Nowak E.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2012

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vol. 19

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issue 1

131-139

PL

The proposed paper presents the functioning of German-origin names with their root and etymology of German origin borne by Poznań burghers in the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries. The source material for the study was provided by archival registers of the taxpayer of the tax on production and sale of alcoholic beverages. The work has attempted to determine the motivation behind the names and to track down their development, while the applied research method involves the motivational analysis that results in a pool of particular types of surnames that includes surnames motivated by German proper names and German appellatives. The set of all foreign surnames of the population of Poznań, amounting to nearly 20% of all onomastic material attested in the available archival documents, includes far more German surnames or surnames of German origin than any other surnames. In time, the given names of German people were Polonized both in the phonetic and the morphological plane. A small part of them was incorporated into the Polish language in their original form. In the material under scrutiny the Polonized forms were in preponderance as compared to purely German names. Language adaptation was also responsible for the formation of surnames of women – hybrid feminine forms from German names with Polish feminine suffixes appended onto foreign names. On numerous occasions it was impossible to unequivocally establish the German etymology of some of the surnames, which forced a conclusion leading to a proposition of a multi-motivational character of Poznań anthroponyms that, beside the motivation by a Polish anthroponym or appellative, also referred to German anthroponyms and appellatives. The bulk of surnames of German origin have remained vital and have been testified in the resources of present-day Polish anthroponyms.

2

Polskie nazwiska od nazw ptaków

100%

Zierhoffer K., Zierhofferowa Z.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2013

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vol. 20

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issue 2

221-228

PL

Based on a dictionary of contemporary Polish surnames, the article collects surnames that are identical as bird names, and includes the number of persons who bear such names. The number is surprisingly high (642 277 persons). The article demonstrates, through examples, how various qualities of birds motivate the metaphorical use of bird names as nicknames, and subsequently as surnames.

3

Slovenské priezviská motivované somatickým komponentom

100%

Hrivnák Pastorková M.

Acta onomastica

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2025

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vol. 66

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issue 2

376-391

EN

The paper focuses on proper names, specifically, Slovak surnames which are motivated by human body parts, i.e. somatisms. From the methodological perspective, two linguistic disciplines are merged, onomastics and cognitive ethnolinguistics, which provide a unifying view of surname formation and its cultural-cognitive background. The genetic-etymological approach is applied, focusing on the primary lexical motivation of surnames. The paper aims to give a closer view on the motivation of surnames from the perspective of cognitive processes and cultural stereotypes. The operating principle of human cognition is anthropocentrism, which is reflected in how human brain conceptualizes and categorizes objects in our world, resulting in the formation of stereotypes. Although the process of name formation occurred a long time ago, the origins of its motivation can be traced back to through the analysis of present-day surnames. The research sample consists of the Slovak database of surnames from 1995, from which surnames containing somatic components were extracted. In the process of analysis, cultural stereotypes related to individual body parts were identified, as well as their presence in the examined surnames.

4

Nazwiska z formantem -yk/-czyk na Białostocczyźnie. Uwagi interpretacyjne

100%

Mordań M.

Poradnik Językowy

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2020

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vol. 779

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issue 10

61-76

EN

This paper concerns the interpretation problems accompanying the contemporary surnames with the formative -yk/-czyk (on the example of the Białystok region). Its aim is to present various manners of explaining the origin of anthroponyms with this suffix. As the analysis has shown, the complexity of the problems involved in determining the etymology of the discussed surnames is manifested mainly (Dziemiańczyk, Tomczyk), appellative surnames (Gołowaczyk, Kulawczyk), surnames coined based on expressions indicating a profession or function (Atamańczyk, Tokarczyk), and ones coined based on place names (Majdańczyk, Nurczyk).

5

O elementach gwarowych w siedemnastowiecznych nazwiskach z parafii Daleszyce

100%

Łojek A.

Poradnik Językowy

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2023

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vol. 801

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issue 2

77-90

EN

This article contains an analysis of 17th-century proto-names from the area of the Daleszyce parish (Świętokrzyskie voivodship, Kielce poviat) for the presence of phonetic dialectal characteristics. The research material was excerpted from the manuscripts of four parish registers (records of birth) written in Latin. The analysis showed that the examined anthroponymic material was a storage of various phonetic characteristics throughout the 17th c. The Daleszyce historical anthroponyms recorded typically Lesser Polish features (the shift from -ch to -k in the fi nal position), Masovian features (fluctuations in the ge : g’e, ke : k’e groups; hardening of l’), Masovian and Greater Polish features (fluctuations in the -ew-/-ow- groups), and general dialectal features (Masurian influences and the presence of prosthetic consonants). The analysed material contained also various manifestations of hypercorrection with respect to dialectal forms, such as e.g. the so-called szadzenie, removal of h- and j- in the initial position heard as forms with prothesis, secondary nasalisation of e in positions other than ones arising from the phonetic assimilation to the neighbouring nasal consonants. This article might fi ll, to an extent, the gap in the anthroponymic research on the Kielce region in the 17th c.

6

Seskupení přechýlených a podobných příjmení užívaných v České republice pomocí počítačového zpracování dat z registru obyvatel

88%

Šebek J.

Acta onomastica

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2016

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vol. 55

280-289

EN

Most strings of female surnames registered in the Czech Republic are lexically different from related male surnames. This article provides a method of grouping surnames by similarity and computing surname frequencies for these grouped surnames. The method reduces the 251,723 registered surname variants to 142,586 groups. Grouped surname frequencies can be used for linguistic research of similar surnames, determining geographic distribution of surnames, or by researchers which require surname frequencies irrespective of gender.

7

Problemy z usystematyzowaniem wewnętrznego rozwarstwienia chłopstwa

88%

Galczak-Froch A.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2013

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vol. 18

156-170

EN

Sources of research and subject literature do not give a clear picture of differentiation of the peasantry in terms of financial status. The problem concerns both the amount of property owned by them (land and livestock) and place in the hierarchy. This fact is very much difficult, sometimes even impossible to study the layers of peasant and any generalizations about it. It seems that the only possible way to study the most populous state in the Republic is to track individual fates of individual units that make it possible not precise enough to qualify for the category of the peasantry, but observe the changes taking place in the financial status over time and associated with the action taken.

8

Słowotwórstwo nazwisk mieszkańców wsi we wrzesińskich księgach chrztu z XVIII wieku

88%

Sieradzki A.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2016

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vol. 23

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issue 1

67-80

PL

The article studies name derivatives referring to rural population recorded in the eighteenth-century baptismal books of Września. The core of the study are 164 surnames formed by the addition of the suffixes -ski, -ewicz, -owicz as well as the basic -k-. The studies completed demonstrate that in the process of creation of names, over the entire 18th century, the most dominating were the word formation models with suffixes including the basic -k-. Within this category the suffix -ak was the most active element. Of marginal importance (only in the creation of formal derivatives) was the suffix -ski and the derived suffixes. Only 20 formations were created with their use during the whole century. On the basis of the analysis of the documents, it can be assumed that in the rural area near Września there were no word-formative models with the formatives -ewicz and -owicz. The attested surnames (7), recorded between 1753 and 1760, must have been brought from other areas.

9

Příjmení v Bartošově Dialektickém slovníku moravském (s přihlédnutím ke klasifikaci příjmení)

88%

Pastyřík S.

Acta onomastica

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2011

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vol. 52

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issue 1

111-132

EN

The Dialectological Dictionary of Moravia by František Bartoš is an important source not only for dialectology but also for onomastics. Based on this material the author suggest a new possible way how to make a classifier of surnames. In the first part he works with surnames in the Bartoš’s Dictionary as seen from the onomasiologic point of view. The second part deals with the potentials of a new surname classifier based on the Moravian material.

10

Niemieckie nazwiska urzędników Starego Miasta Braniewa w XV wieku na litery A-L

88%

Guz M.

Heteroglossia. Studia Kulturoznawczo-Filologiczne

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2022

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issue 13

165-177

EN

This article presents the origins and structure of German surnames in the Old Town Braniewo in the 15th century. The author verified the presence of the preposition “von”, surname variants, Lower German roots, and evident linguistic phenomena which occurred in them. The discussed surnames are derived from first names, place of origin, nicknames and the names of occupations. Other names are multi-motif surnames, or it was impossible to explain their etymology. As for the structure of the described anthroponyms, non-derivative surnames predominate. Only in the case of one surname were variants recorded. Middle Low German and Lower German provenance is present in about 25% of the examined anthroponyms. In some surnames, manifestations of the East Central German dialect are visible. Several anthroponyms have been Polonised, and one was subject to a contraction.

11

Lidové výklady českých příjmení

75%

Dvořáková Ž.

Národopisný věstník

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2022

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vol. 63

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issue 2

379-396

EN

This paper analyses 379 folk etymological interpretations and other 141 assumptions about the foreign origin of surnames, all received either by the radio programme On the Origin of Surnames, the Language Counselling Centre of the Czech Language Institute, or the information service Ask the Library. These inquiries were sent by the public along with requests for a confirmation of the suggested etymological interpretations of the surnames in question, or for an official (correct / scientific) explanation. The analysis shows that most often the folk etymology consists in erroneous decomposition of the name or in connecting the name with an incorrect original form, i.e. usually a familiar noun recognized in the name. The folk etymologies do not respect the word-forming structure of names. They also ignore the age and origin of the surname which they like to look for in foreign languages (especially in French, Polish, Hungarian), regardless of the origin of the family.

12

O rozbieżnych etymologiach nazwisk polskich i litewskich

75%

Walkowiak J. B.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2017

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vol. 41

EN

On divergent etymologies of Polish and Lithuanian surnamesThe conflict of national Polish and Lithuanian historiographies typically involves divergent interpretations of the shared history, but it is seldom noticed that linguistic interpretations (including the onomastic ones) may be divergent too. These linguistic interpretations can also become a tool of language policy, especially of the policy focused on personal names. The present article analyses selected examples of genetically Lithuanian surnames currently in use in Poland which in some Polish linguistic sources are etymologised as genetically Polish, as well as – conversely – those of Polish origin which in some Lithuanian research are interpreted as genetically Lithuanian. Although inadvertent and accidental mistakes cannot be ruled out, in the case of homonymic surnames there is a visible tendency to give priority to native etymologies. It may be assumed that for the society at large, the origin of a surname somehow implies the nationality of its bearer; in the case when the researchers’ attitudes are nationalistic, this fact may be used as an argument in public debates whose scope far exceeds that of onomastics. O rozbieżnych etymologiach nazwisk polskich i litewskichKonflikt narodowych historiografii polskiej i litewskiej zazwyczaj wiąże się z rozbieżnymi interpretacjami wspólnej historii, ale rzadziej się zauważa, że podobnie rozbieżne są też interpretacje językoznawcze, w tym onomastyczne. One także mogą stać się narzędziem polityki językowej, a w szczególności polityki, której przedmiotem są nazwy osobowe. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia i analizuje wybrane przypadki używanych współcześnie w Polsce nazwisk pochodzenia litewskiego, które w niektórych polskich pracach językoznawczych są etymologizowane jako genetycznie polskie, a także – odwrotnie – tych nazwisk polskiego pochodzenia, które w niektórych źródłach litewskich interpretowane są jako etymologicznie litewskie. Choć nie można oczywiście wykluczyć niezamierzonych i przypadkowych omyłek, w przypadku nazwisk homonimicznych wyraźnie zauważalna jest tendencja do oddawania pierwszeństwa etymologii rodzimej. Wolno przypuszczać, że w odbiorze społecznym geneza nazwiska w jakimś stopniu implikuje narodowość jego nosiciela; przy nacjonalistycznym nastawieniu badaczy fakt ten może być używany jako argument w publicznych debatach, których zasięg dalece wykracza poza onomastykę.

13

Podział tematyczny słownictwa utrwalonego w podstawach motywacyjnych XVII-wiecznych nazwisk odapelatywnych (na przykładzie Daleszyc na Kielecczyźnie)

75%

Łojek A. J.

Forum Lingwistyczne

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2024

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vol. 12

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issue 2

1-22

EN

The subject of the study consists of 17th-century surnames derived from common nouns, recorded in the parish registers (birth records) of the Daleszyce parish. These surnames have not previously been the focus of onomastic analysis. The aim of the research is to identify the semantic spheres, fields, and subfields to which the appellatives forming the motivational basis of the studied surnames belong, as well as to conduct a frequency analysis of the collected anthroponymic units. This allows for a characterization of the linguistic picture of the world emerging from the examined anthroponymic system. The article employs the method of semantic fields and uses the thematic classification of vocabulary applied in the WSJP. The research results indicate that the appellatives forming the studied surnames represent nearly all aspects of human life, with a dominant role played by names of animals, plants, and occupations. The analysis of anthroponyms also allows for the reconstruction of the thought patterns and cultural values of the 17th-century inhabitants of the Daleszyce parish, revealing their way of perceiving the world as well as their individual and emotional approach to the nominated persons.

PL

Przedmiot badań stanowią XVII-wieczne nazwiska utworzone od wyrazów pospolitych, odnotowane w księgach metrykalnych (aktach urodzeń) z parafii Daleszyce. Nie były one dotychczas przedmiotem oglądu onomastycznego. Celem badań jest wskazanie sfer, pól i podpól semantycznych, do których należą apelatywy stanowiące podstawę motywacyjną badanych nazwisk, oraz analiza frekwencyjna zgromadzonych jednostek antroponimicznych, co pozwala na charakterystykę językowego obrazu świata wyłaniającego się z badanego systemu antroponimicznego. W artykule stosuję metodę opisu jednostek językowych charakterystyczną dla badania pól semantycznych. Korzystam z klasyfikacji tematycznej słownictwa stosowanej w WSJP. Wyniki badań wskazują, że apelatywy tworzące badane nazwiska reprezentują niemal wszystkie aspekty życia człowieka, z dominującą rolą nazw zwierząt, roślin oraz wykonywanych przez człowieka zawodów. Analiza antroponimów pozwala także na odtworzenie schematów myślowych i wartości kulturowych XVII-wiecznych mieszkańców parafii Daleszyce, ukazując ich sposób postrzegania świata oraz indywidualne i emocjonalne podejście do nominowanych osób.

14

Typy semantyczno-strukturalne nazwisk dawnych mieszkańców parafii Strzegowo na północnym Mazowszu (1781–1825)

63%

Pawikowska M.

Prace Językoznawcze

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2011

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issue 13

195-205

EN

This article constitutes an analysis of old surnames of the parish dwellers of Strzegowo in Masovia. According to the analysis, the most substantial group comprises the surnames coined by using the suffix -ski (248 units, including 169 toponyms and 79 structural ones). Patronimical surnames, on the other hand, consist of only 105 units; most of these formations (43) end, in turn, with the suffix -’ak. Merely a few surnames are coined via the transference of appellatives (26 formations), professional names (16 formations) and names (9 formations) to the class of names. In the linguistic material, also 6 foreign names are noted.

15

Die Entwicklung der Familiennamen der Seibersdorfer Auswanderer in Anhalt/Hołdunów

63%

Chromik G.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

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2018

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vol. 143

135 - 149

DE

Im Jahr 1770 wanderten über 300 deutsche Einwohner des Dorfes Seibersdorf/Kozy in Kleinpolen nach Preußisch-Schlesien aus und gründeten somit eine neue Sprachinsel (Anhalt/Hołdunów). Der vorliegende Beitrag behandelt das Thema der Seibersdorfer Familiennamen, die vor der Auswanderung durch des Deutschen unkundige polnische Schreiber einerseits entstellt, andererseits aber in ihrer dialektalen Form konserviert wurden (etwa Bayger statt Berger, Wayner statt Wagner). Nach der Auswanderung wurden die Namen durch die preußischen Beamten richtiggestellt, oder in manchen Fällen „verschlimmbessert“ (Bayger wurde wieder Berger, aber aus Englert wurde Engel statt richtig Engelhard).

EN

In 1770 three hundred German inhabitants of the village of Seibersdorf/Kozy in Lesser Poland emigrated to Prussian Silesia and founded there a new language island (Anhalt/Hołdunów). This article deals with the surnames of the emigrants. Before the emigration the Polish writers who did not know German disfigured them or conserved the dialectal form (for example Bayger instead of Berger, Wayner instead of Wagner). After the emigration the Prussian authorities corrected the surnames or sometimes made them worse by trying to correct it (Bayger became Berger but Englert became Engel instead of Engelhard).

16

Nazwiska czeskie a Czesi w Polsce w XX w.

63%

Matkowska-Jerzyk M.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2018

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vol. 166

161-175

EN

Czech names and Czech in Poland in the 20th century The article was based on more than 600 Czech surnames from Słownik nazwisk współcześnie w Polsce używanych used by Kazimierz Rymut. The article shows the state of research of Czech anthroponymy in Poland, which was treated by researchers quite marginally. An outline of the history of contacts and Czech settlements in Poland was also presented, which had an important impact on the extension of the Polish anthroponymic system with the Czech genetic names. The four most important areas on which the Czech settlement was developed were: Galicia (Galicja), “Czech Corner” (Czeski Zakątek), Settlement areas (areas of settlements) of the Czech brothers and Silesia (Śląsk). The article compares the data of names in Poland in the twentieth century with the map of the Czech population, which mostly overlapped.

CS

Česká příjmení a Češi v Polsku ve 20. století Tento článek byl založen na více než 600 českých příjmeních excerpovaných ze Słowniku nazwisk współcześnie używanych ed. Kazimierze Rymuta. Článek představuje současný stav výzkumu českých příjmení v polském antroponomastickém systému, který doposud byl považován vědci spíše okrajově. Zaroveň představuje také stručnou historii česko-polských vztahu a českého usázení v Polsku, které měly významný vliv na expanzi geneticky českých příjmení do polského antroponomastického systému. Autorka vyčlenila 4 nejdůležitější oblasti, ve kterých vznikaly největší české společnosti, a to: Galicie, Český koutek, místa, na kterých se usazeli čeští exulanti (členové Jednoty bratrské) a Slezsko. Ve svém článku autorka srovnává údaje tykající se českých příjmení v Polsku ve 20. století s mapou Čechů bydlících v Polsku, a ty se ve vetší míře shoduji.

17

Lidová etymologie a "hanlivá" příjmení

63%

Dvořáková Ž.

Acta onomastica

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2018

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vol. 59

|

issue 1

42-53

EN

There are many Czech surnames motivated by parts of human or animal body. Some of them are connected with sexual or fecal activities. These surnames are pejorative and many of them were changed during the time and disappeared from our onymic system. This article is focused on surnames which are meant to be obscene only by a folk etymology but their real origin is different and they have nothing to do with vulgar common nouns. However, the pressure of the folk etymology is so strong that many people rather change their surname not to be objects of jokes and notes about their names.

18

The use of personal names among Slovakia Hungarians

63%

Bauko J.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza

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2014

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vol. 21

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issue 1

107-118

PL

This study deals the use of personal names among Slovakia Hungarians. The bilingual environment of Slovakia Hungarians affects their use of personal names. Bilingual persons can choose names from a larger set of names. Choosing a variant of a personal name from one language or the other can depend on several factors: the communicative domain, the communication partners, the social or linguistic context etc. The dimensions of time, space and society play an important role in the change anddiversity of personal names. A Hungarian dominant use of names characterizes Slovakia Hungarians in the informal domains, and Slovak dominant use in the formal domains. A dual use of names or bi-naming can characterize a dual identity, however, most people employ this as a pre-emptive strategy trying to avoid a possible language or communication problem by using the form conforming with the majority norm in a majority language context and the form conforming with the minority norm in a minority language or informal context. Personal names have an identity marking function, and can indicate the language affiliation and nationality of their bearer.

19

O jednom pokusu o systematizaci a výklad židovských příjmení

63%

Dvořáková Ž.

Acta onomastica

|

2023

|

vol. 64

|

issue 1

203-209

EN

The contribution is a critique of the article by J. Klenovský, who presented his own classification of the surnames of Moravian Jews. However, the thesis shows many professional shortcomings (e.g. missing citations, insufficient description of the material) and many of the presented etymological interpretations are highly questionable.

20

Aksjologiczne nacechowanie leksyky motywującej odapelatywne nazwiska Polaków

63%

Matusiak-Kempa I.

Acta onomastica

|

2016

|

vol. 56

147-154

EN

The article presents the objectives and methods of analyzing the evaluative lexis which motivates the surnames of Poles. As already announced in the sketch, the paper maintains the conviction that the valuation is the basics of the categorization of reality, and the act of naming is a particularly interesting field of research, since it is a person who is being evaluated. The analysis of appellatives is carried out in the anthropological contexts. The lexis discussed in the article accords with the semantic categories based on the typology of values created by Jadwiga Puzynina.

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Funkcjonowanie nazwisk pochodzenia niemieckiego w siedemnasto- i osiemnastowiecznych rejestrach poznańskich podatników czopowego. Świadectwa polonizacji

Polskie nazwiska od nazw ptaków

Slovenské priezviská motivované somatickým komponentom

Nazwiska z formantem -yk/-czyk na Białostocczyźnie. Uwagi interpretacyjne

O elementach gwarowych w siedemnastowiecznych nazwiskach z parafii Daleszyce

Seskupení přechýlených a podobných příjmení užívaných v České republice pomocí počítačového zpracování dat z registru obyvatel

Problemy z usystematyzowaniem wewnętrznego rozwarstwienia chłopstwa

Słowotwórstwo nazwisk mieszkańców wsi we wrzesińskich księgach chrztu z XVIII wieku

Příjmení v Bartošově Dialektickém slovníku moravském (s přihlédnutím ke klasifikaci příjmení)

Niemieckie nazwiska urzędników Starego Miasta Braniewa w XV wieku na litery A-L

Lidové výklady českých příjmení

O rozbieżnych etymologiach nazwisk polskich i litewskich

Podział tematyczny słownictwa utrwalonego w podstawach motywacyjnych XVII-wiecznych nazwisk odapelatywnych (na przykładzie Daleszyc na Kielecczyźnie)

Typy semantyczno-strukturalne nazwisk dawnych mieszkańców parafii Strzegowo na północnym Mazowszu (1781–1825)

Die Entwicklung der Familiennamen der Seibersdorfer Auswanderer in Anhalt/Hołdunów

Nazwiska czeskie a Czesi w Polsce w XX w.

Lidová etymologie a "hanlivá" příjmení

The use of personal names among Slovakia Hungarians

O jednom pokusu o systematizaci a výklad židovských příjmení

Aksjologiczne nacechowanie leksyky motywującej odapelatywne nazwiska Polaków