The research problem concerns the sphere of relationships with the environment and an individual's awareness in the aspect of satisfying the need for belonging. This research aims to determine the conditions of relationships with the environment and an individual's awareness in the process of personality formation. The research is constituted by an analysis of literary sources in education, psychology, philosophy and folklore studies as well as by a study of the formation process of a sense of belonging in Latvian folk songs or dainas. This research shows that a sense of belonging is associated with harmony between an individual and the surrounding environment. It is developed in the space of conditions for an individual's self-realisation that balances individual and social interests. For the development of inborn gifts, a natural environment of upbringing is needed. For the development of a sustainable education model in Latvia, the ideas found in Latvian dainas that have ascertained their sustainability may be of importance.
Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and the most common cancer among women in Iran. The lack of awareness and of an early-detection program in this developing country is the main reason for the escalating morbidity and mortality. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a BC prevention program on the awareness and behavior of female high school students in Abadeh, Iran. Material and methods. This study was a quasi-experimental study. The sample consisted of 220 female students who were selected by the multi-stage sampling method and divided into two groups: intervention and control. The required data were collected by a researcher-designed questionnaire and then analyzed by SPSS 17 software using descriptive analytical tests. Results. There was no significant difference in awareness and behavior scores between the two groups before the intervention (p > 0.05), but after the intervention the mean scores of those variables in the test group had increased significantly (p < 0.05). A Spearman correlation test showed that the correlation between the variables (awareness and behavior) was significant and direct (p < 0.001, r = 0.340). Conclusions. Given the effect of educational programs on the awareness and behavior of students, the results of this study can be effective in attracting the attention of health officials and making them aware of the importance of providing training programs on BC through educational programs in schools.
In this paper, we analyse the awareness and self-awareness of future trainers of French as a foreign language in teaching intercultural competence. To do so, we study extracts of students’ books created by MA students, where intercultural competence is developed. We realise that future master’s students are generally aware of the need for intercultural mediation, however some of them focus on descriptive aspects of their culture rather than adopting a mediator’s posture. In fact, they tend to describe and explain a cultural phenomenon rather than encouraging its interpretation and understanding
Introduction and aim. Nursing fields begin to face a wide variety of challenges when they first enter clinical practice. The aim of this study is to determine the difficulties experienced in patient communication by nursing students taking the clinical practice course for the first time. Material and methods. Focus group interview design was used for this study. Focus group design is used to give information about the opinions and experiences of the sample group on any subject. It is reported as a convenient design to identify different perspectives on a subject within the scope of the sample. Focus group interviews are a widely used method as data collection technique. Results. The findings of the study continue on 4 main themes at level 3, by identifying the similarities and differences in the codes determined by the three experts (researchers consulted and the researcher conducting/reporting the study). The findings of the study were evaluated in comparison with the findings of the studies reached in the literature and conducted in regions such as Israel, Iran, Sri-Lanka, Kenya, and Africa. Conclusion. There are many problems in student-patient communication in many different dimensions. The difficulties arising due to these problems generally focus on unknown clinical environment, lack of knowledge, differences between theory and practice, and mentor interaction.
The main purpose of this study is to explore the predictive ability of mindful attention awareness towards cognitive flexibility among pre-service teachers. A descriptive survey approach was employed. The purposive sample method is employed to collect data from 100 pre-service teachers pursuing a Bachelor of Education from the public university of Kurukshetra. The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory by Denis and Vander (2010) and the Mindful Attention Awareness scale by Brown and Ryan were used for data collection. Statistical analysis indicated (i) mindful attention awareness is significantly and positively correlated with cognitive flexibility (ii) mindful attention awareness explains 30.6% of the cognitive flexibility among pre-service teachers. Education implications are further discussed.
There are three meanings of decent in modern dictionaries. The first meaning refers to the human being and his moral values. In this sense, decency belongs to imponderabilia that influence our actions and beliefs, define values. Other meanings of decency concern objects and phenomena. The author of the article has decided to verify the functioning of DECENCY in students’ language and their system of values. One hundred subjects took part in the research (fifty Polish philology students and fifty students of Logopedics and Audiology at UMCS in Lublin). The questionnaire contained two open questions (1. What is your understanding of the word decency?; 2. Who or what can it refer to?) and the following instruction: “Indicate features of a person, an object and an activity that can be defined as decent”. Rich and varied data have been obtained. The researcher concludes that for respondents a decent man is more than a norm, a decent object is normal or frequently substandard. Respondents recognize the value of decency. Decent means human, good-hearted, and with principles that are obeyed.
Methodological problems of how awareness during learning should be measured have been extensively discussed and investigated in cognitive psychology. This review considers; 1)whether amnesics can perform implicit learning tasks at a similar level to normal controls, 2) whether differences in instructional orientations create dissociations in performance in tests of implicit and explicit knowledge, and 3) whether participants can retrospectively verbalise the learning outcomes. The paper concludes that; (1) amnesics’ implicit learning abilities differ from the normal controls, (2) instructions on implicit learning do not guarantee the occurrence of implicit learning, and (3) objective and subjective awareness measures used in the literature face inherent problems and so the awareness controversy remains unsettled.
This paper considers methodological issues of awareness during adult second language acquisition (SLA). Specifically, the paper deals with (a) the issue of instructional orientations, (b) the issue of biases in knowledge measurement, and (c) the issue of reactivity in the online think-aloud protocol. Detailed reviews of prominent SLA research that has investigated the possibility of implicit SLA reveal (1) that the instruction on implicit learning does not guarantee that learners engage in the implicit learning mode, (2) that the majority of SLA research has employed only tests of “explicit learning” such as untimed grammaticality judgment, and (3) that there is some evidence that the online think-aloud protocol causes negative reactivity particularly when it is metalinguistic in nature.
Due to a lack of adequate information on ginger’s nutritional and medical value to an individual’s health, most rural households do not often purchase ginger. Therefore, this study aims to determine the household’s awareness and willingness to pay for ginger. A simple random sampling procedure was used to select 53 respondents, and primary data were collected through an online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model were used for data analyses. Descriptive statistics revealed that the average age of the respondents was 39 years. Also, most respondents (77.4%) indicated they were aware of the health benefits of ginger, and approximately 45.3% indicated that they purchase ginger on a monthly basis. Lastly, most respondents (73.6%) were willing to pay for ginger. Regression estimates showed that gender, cost of ginger and frequency of ginger purchasing influenced rural households’ willingness to pay for ginger. Since gender was found to be a significant variable, the study, therefore, recommends that women should be encouraged to purchase functional foods when buying groceries for their households. This may enhance healthy habits and ultimately reduce households’ medical expenditure because functional foods can have preventive and corrective impacts for some illnesses.
The article aims to show the innovative role of dialogue in the implementation of the idea of sustainable development. Dialogue takes the form of a balanced dialogue as a tool for changing society. It is built on philosophical, psychological, social and pedagogical concepts. This wide-ranging dialogue takes on a completely new form, addressing the goals of sustainable development. A balanced dialogue creates a network of connections and interactions between people, thus creating the principle of coexistence based on the process of awareness. As far as elementary education is concerned, it is a didactic method which affects the young generation, which sows its influence on a macro scale, ie society. The proposed method of balanced dialogue is an author's method that is in the process of experimental verification, therefore empirical observations are based on previous research findings. Sustainable dialogue as a tool for changing society is a real hope for our world, as I show in the article.
Introduction: Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices on organ donation is essential for better understanding of the community on different aspects of organ donation. It will further help us in improving health education initiatives thereby removing the hurdles behind organ donation. Purpose: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about organ donation among college students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu and to study the association of sociodemographic factors with knowledge, attitude and practice of organ donation among college students in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was done among 440 students aged 18 years and above in Hindustan Arts & Science College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The students were interviewed with a pretested questionnaire. The study was conducted between January 2012 to September 2012. Results: Though all the participants were aware of the term organ donation, knowledge about different aspects was low. 86.1% were not aware of legislation. 75%of respondents were in favor of organ donation, but only about 2% were registered for organ donation. Conclusion: This study implies the need for intensified and sustained education campaign to raise the knowledge on organ donation and its practice among students.
Research background: Because of enabling a greater amount of money circulation and addressing the needs of individuals in specific regions, local and digital currencies have become more important for local economic and sustainable development, especially in last decade. However, their awareness by potential users have become one of major constraints to their extensive usage. In this regard, discount have been used to increase the awareness of individuals. Purpose of the article: As discount is used as an effective promotional tool. This study pays regard to this indicator and aims to investigate whether the discount rate is positively associated with local and digital currency awareness of potential users. Moreover, this research also includes job positions and age of the respondents into the analyses due to potential existence of differences in the awareness of people regarding their characteristics. Methods: The research employs a questionnaire survey and acquires data from 407 workers of a local business in Cieszyn Silesia region of the Czech Republic. The researchers run Binary Logistic Regression analyses in IBM SPSS Software to examine the relationship between these specified variables. Findings & Value added: The research substantiates the fact that potential users who demand more discount rates are more likely to be aware of local and digital currencies. Moreover, potential users who work in lower job positions and demand more discounts are more acquainted with these currencies. Although the existence of a relationship between age and local currency awareness is not proved, older people who demand discounts with higher percentages are more informed about digital currencies than younger individuals. Higher elasticity in discount demand, mutual interactions and relations, such as social media and internet usage of potential users, might be the reasons of these results. This study makes significant contributions to the literature by confirming the significance of individuals' ages and occupational statuses in the awareness of local and digital currencies and the positive relationship between their discount propensity and awareness.
Behind Poland is already more than 20 years of experience in a free market economy. New, previously little or completely unknown institutions have guided Poles’ financial decisions. In an increasingly consumerist model of society, how can Poles manage savings? What information guides rational choice? This article focuses on Polish women and the financial services available to them, and examines their current behavior.
In autumn 1980 Swiat Młodych, a newspaper addressed to teenagers, announced a competition called “MyWorld 80–81.” By early 1981 hundreds of letters had come in. This unique source of information allows us to get a glimpse of teenagers’ perception of the birth of the “Solidarity” movement. Thanks to these letters, we can take a closer look at school discussions, conversations at the family table or disputes during school intervals. Everyday life is also reflected in these letters: queues, crowded public transport, fatigue and uncertainty. The vast majority of the letter writers sympathised with “Solidarity” although the prospect of confrontation between the regime and the inchoate movement was a source of anxiety. The authorities were largely perceived as a degenerate oligarchy. The quoted letters are also a testimony of discovery of the past and withheld historical facts and also of the search for new authorities (e.g., Czesław Miłosz). The young generation’s declarations suggest that it wanted to participate in public life with previously unparalleled gusto. Martial law nipped this positive energy in the bud.
The paper outlines the development of the concept of awareness across various academic disciplines and examines terminological problems involved in analysing human cognition. Approaches to awareness in philosophy, developmental psychology, neuroscience and linguistics are discussed, as well as the career of the concept in Second Language Acquisition and Foreign Language Teaching (SLA / FLT). Learners’ and teachers’ language awareness is presented as a basis for the enrichment of the awareness concept by a number of psychological, sociological and pedagogical factors. Special attention is given to neglected aspects of teacher awareness, such as awareness of learners’ thinking processes and teachers’ awareness of classroom decision-making. Implications are sought for pre-service teacher education.
Processes that accompany modern man, create a new framework for social life. The turn of the century changed the world, and in the same time the conditions in which man lives. As a result of emerging threats security has taken a global figure. Ensuring human security in case of nonmilitary threats requires an integrated effort of all public administration bodies and other social and economic entities that carry out tasks in the field of security and defence. The main objective of the state is, inter alia, raising awareness of the duties of citizens for security and defence, developing patriotic attitude and the acquisition of knowledge and skills necessary for efficient and effective operation in conditions of peace and states of emergency.
Introduction and aim. Obesity is the leading one among the most common nutritional disorders seen during childhood period. We aimed to determine the incidence of obesity, obesity awareness, physical activity and associated factors in school-age children. Material and methods. The sampling was composed of 725 students who were studying in secondary schools during the 2016–2017 academic year. Data were collected with “Personel Information Form”, “Obesity Awareness Scale” and “Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children”. The mean age was 12.30±1.32 (10–15), 53% of the students were females and 60.1% of students have a person with obesity in the family. Results. We determined that 18.3% of the students were with obesity. The body mass index of students who have a balanced diet compared to those who have not is statistically significantly lower (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between students’ body mass index and obesity awareness (r=-0.084, p=0.024). Conclusion. Screening for obesity and related factors, such as obesity awareness, having a balanced diet should begin in school-aged children for childhood obesity prevention.
The issue of responsible borrowing is an interdisciplinary issue, undertaken by different social sciences and practitioners of economic life. Responsible borrowing is a credible and reliable transaction between the lender and the borrower. This commitment requires reliability of both parties. The main thesis of this article is the following: Financial competences promote responsible decision-making about borrowing money. Nowadays, financial competences are the key resources that are essential for social and economic life. This article presents the development of the awareness of responsible borrowing of money. Financial competences and trust in financial institutions are also discussed. In conclusion, it was found that financial awareness and financial competences are conducive to responsible borrowing of money.
With this article I show the perception shared by high school and university students in Poland concerning the role of the priest in the Church and society. The basis of these findings are the results of three sociological studies that I carried out in years 1983, 1998, and 2008, realized among 976 high school students and 414 university students in Kalisz, Poland. In the given 25 year period, the perception of the role of the religious priest in the Church and the parish, as well as his social role in a democratic state, underwent major changes. Both types of roles-religious and social-recognized by the audited youth differ significantly from their definition as given by the doctrine of the Catholic Church. The youth imagine the priest in these roles in a different way than the Church and concentrate their attention on those elements that have practical significance. Indicators of these changes are included in the statistical tables.
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