Search results

1

Po raz piąty wychodząc od Słów prawnych w rzeczy sobie podobnych Bartłomieja Groickiego (1567)

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Zajda A.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2013

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issue 16

215-229

EN

Starting with B. Groicki’s Słowa prawne w rzeczy sobie podobne (1567), the paper presents the history of legal terms relating to the court procedure: apelacyja ‘appeal’, mocyja ‘judge reprimand’, odesłanie ‘referral’, dawność ‘non-claim’, zasiedzenie ‘usucaption’. Appeal was first practiced in Poland under the Magdeburg Rights, and only since the first quarter of the 16th century also in the and law. On the other hand, the so-called mocyja, i.e. reprimanding of the judge, had been employed for much longer. Difficult cases were sent to a higher court already in the Middle Ages, if the lower court was deemed incompetent, hence odesłanie, remisyja, remisa ‘remittal’. The 1346–1347 statutes of king Casimir III the Great recognize the institution of prescription, hence dawność, preskrypcja ‘non-claim’. Finally, zasiedzenie is ‘the acquisition of ownership by a long, undisputed use’. The use of the word fields method has made it possible to reveal many, often rare, terms that function in various groups, the mutual competition between the components of fields, the victory of some, and the disappearance of others. The evolution of the fields has limited the number of synonyms in simultaneous use.

2

Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, red. D. Mikulėnienė, A. Stafecka, Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, Latvijas universitātes Latviešu valodas institūts, 2013, 568 ss.

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Jankowiak M.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2015

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vol. 39

EN

ReviewThis text is a review of the work entitled Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora (Eng. Atlas of the Baltic Languages. Lexis 1: Flora), published in Vilnius in 2013.The publication was prepared by linguists from the Institute of Latvian Language and the Institute of Lithuanian Language. The Atlas presents vocabulary from the second part of the 20th century on the territory of Latvia and Lithuania and partly of Belarus and Poland. The authors prepared 46 maps and descriptions of 26 words (connected with flora), which showed different phonetic variants of derivatives, linguistic parallels between the Latvian and Lithuanian dialects (lexical, semantic, geographical) and common Slavic-Baltic zone of interference. RecenzjaTekst jest recenzją pracy Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, ktora została wydana w Wilnie w 2013 r. Publikację opracowali litewscy i łotewscy lingwiści z Instytutu Języka Litewskiego Akademii Nauk Litwy i Instytutu Języka Łotewskiego Uniwersytetu Łotewskiego w Rydze. W Atlasie zaprezentowano słownictwo z drugiej połowy XX w., funkcjonujące na obszarze Litwy, Łotwy a także częściowo Białorusi i Polski. Autorzy przedstawili 46 map i zaprezentowali opisy 26 nazw związanych z florą, ukazujących ich różne warianty fonetyczne oraz językowe paralele pomiędzy dialektami litewskimi i łotewskimi (leksykalne, semantyczne, geograficzne) oraz wspólną słowiańsko-bałtycką strefę kontaktów językowych.

3

Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, red. D. Mikulėnienė, A. Stafecka, Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, Latvijas universitātes Latviešu valodas institūts, 2013, 568 ss.

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Jankowiak M.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2015

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vol. 39

247-254

EN

This text is a review of the work entitled Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora (Eng. Atlas of the Baltic Languages. Lexis 1: Flora), published in Vilnius in 2013.The publication was prepared by linguists from the Institute of Latvian Language and the Institute of Lithuanian Language. The Atlas presents vocabulary from the second part of the 20th century on the territory of Latvia and Lithuania and partly of Belarus and Poland. The authors prepared 46 maps and descriptions of 26 words (connected with flora), which showed different phonetic variants of derivatives, linguistic parallels between the Latvian and Lithuanian dialects (lexical, semantic, geographical) and common Slavic-Baltic zone of interference.

PL

Tekst jest recenzją pracy Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, ktora została wydana w Wilnie w 2013 r. Publikację opracowali litewscy i łotewscy lingwiści z Instytutu Języka Litewskiego Akademii Nauk Litwy i Instytutu Języka Łotewskiego Uniwersytetu Łotewskiego w Rydze. W Atlasie zaprezentowano słownictwo z drugiej połowy XX w., funkcjonujące na obszarze Litwy, Łotwy a także częściowo Białorusi i Polski. Autorzy przedstawili 46 map i zaprezentowali opisy 26 nazw związanych z florą, ukazujących ich różne warianty fonetyczne oraz językowe paralele pomiędzy dialektami litewskimi i łotewskimi (leksykalne, semantyczne, geograficzne) oraz wspólną słowiańsko-bałtycką strefę kontaktów językowych.

4

Kilka uwag o tendencjach leksykalnych w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego

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Tambor J.

Postscriptum Polonistyczne

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2012

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issue 2(10)

41-54

EN

The article presents the most important language rules and tendencies in teaching Polish as a foreign language. The author fully discusses word lists that are obligatory on different levels of proficiency in Polish language, pointing out to their advantages and disadvantages. She reminds about the necessity of completing such lists caused by intensive globalization and computerization. The article presents also problems concerning language used by young peo-ple nowadays, that is not only under the process of constant changes but it also becomes ‘out of date’ very quickly. Using fashionable words and words that have become commonly used as an example the author of the article proves the importance of language intuition while preparing lists of vocabulary for a certain level of language proficiency. The author concen-trates also on describing problems concerning methods of teaching Polish as a foreign lan-guage that are connected with the rapid evolution of the language.

5

Lexical and functional decomposition in syntax: A view from phonology

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Šurkalović D.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2011

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vol. 47

399

EN

In recent years many lexical elements in the syntactic tree have been decomposed into formal features forming part of the functional sequence. This paper explores the effects of this change on the syntax-phonology interface, addressing two problems for language modularity and proposing that the Lexicon be the locus of communication between the two modules. The first issue is the sensitivity of prosody to edges of syntactic constituents and to lexical elements and projections but not to functional ones (cf. Selkirk 1995; Truckenbrodt 1999, 2007 inter alia). Lexicon subcategorisation is offered as the solution (cf. Bye 2006; Paster 2005). The second issue is the prosodic marking of Information Structure. In Prosodic Phonology, constraints (Align-F, Stress-Focus) "see" these syntactic features, which is undesirable if modularity is to be maintained. This paper uses the Nanosyntactic view that features are merged into the tree individually, and suggests that Lexical entries for e.g. F and CT features in English are suprasegmental affixes pairing a H* tone with F feature or a L+H*L-H% contour with a CT feature.

6

Características léxico-semánticas de las crónicas futbolísticas del Real Madrid en el diario Marca

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López González A. M.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2019

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vol. 46

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issue 4

111-123

EN

Within the sports language, the lexical level is composed of slang, specialized terminology and figurative lexicon. This work analyzes the lexical-semantic characteristics of the football language in a corpus of news chronicles of Real Madrid football matches, published on the web site marca.com. We focus on the fundamental lexicon of these chronicles, as well as on the core concepts of them, their designations and the means of meaning.

7

I PromessI Sposi in 10 minuti. Materiale autentico per attività didattica

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Santoliquido S.

Italica Wratislaviensia

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2013

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issue 4

99-115

EN

The teaching of grammar cannot be separated from the teaching of vocabulary, but it is often the case that teachers fail to treat vocabulary with due importance and prefer to focus on explaining grammar instead. Very often the same attitude is reflected in textbooks, which do not teach lexicon in a systematic and organized manner, offering merely sporadic exercises presenting new words and neglecting those aimed at retention and re-use of newly acquired vocabulary. Recently, many scholars in the field of Italian as SL/L2 have undertaken regular studies on the “living language” and its application in teaching. In fact, authentic materials present various examples of language, registers, dialects, regional variations, diversity of styles and multiple thematic situations. What is more, contextualisation of the language increases the level of comprehension and, in consequence, learner’s motivation. The aim of the article is to present a proposal of using a video material available on youtube, which summarizes the historical novel par excellence of Italian literature, for didactic purposes.

8

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 2: Marcel Cohen’s Essai comparatif)

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Takács G.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2022

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vol. 64

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issue 2

177-209

EN

A retrospective account on past comparative research on Afro-Asiatic (AA) or Semito-Hamitic / Hamito-Semitic (SH / HS, resp.) phonology (first of all consonantism, also root structure) and lexicon, segmented into episodes according to diverse (often overlapping in time) trends is now under way and will be presented part by part in a series of papers. The present paper contains the first ever direction of this research, labelled “Semito-Hamitology” covering studies seeking, in their conception, the “African”, i.e. “Hamitic” kinship of Semitic.

9

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 1: The long century of Semito-Hamitology until the middle of the 20th century)

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Takács G.

Lingua Posnaniensis

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2022

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vol. 64

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issue 1

135-173

EN

A retrospective account on past comparative research on Afro-Asiatic (AA) or Semito-Hamitic / Hamito-Semitic (SH/HS, resp.) phonology (first of all consonantism, also root structure) and lexicon, segmented into episodes according to diverse trends (often overlapping in time) is now under way and will be presented part by part in a series of papers. The present paper contains the first ever direction of this research, labelled “Semito-Hamitology” covering studies seeking, in their conception, the “African”, i.e. “Hamitic” kinship of Semitic, without a permanent communis opinio over the whole century of this ‘trend’ (better: amalgamate era) regarding the limits of the family.

10

Against the identity of complementizers and (demonstrative) pronouns

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Franco L.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2012

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vol. 48

565-596

EN

In this work I will provide direct evidence against the identity of relative pronouns and complementizers/subordinators – proposed in recent works (Kayne 2010b) within the generative paradigm – with the aid of (diachronic and synchronic) data from Akkadian (an extinct Semitic language of Mesopotamia), Sogdian (an extinct Middle Iranian language), Germanic languages, Eastern and Western Iranian languages and Creoles. I will also show that the mismatch of relative (demonstrative) pronoun and complementizers does not weaken a proposal of a unified syntactic structure underlying the two clause-linkage phenomena of complementation and relativization. I will try to demonstrate that subordinate clauses (relative and complement clauses) are headed by light nouns/pro-nouns acting as "bridges of features" between matrix and dependent clauses. In particu-lar the simultaneous presence of demonstratives / relative pronouns and complementizers signalling clauses' edges in many languages is the primary evidence that (light) nom-inal elements are possibly required to trigger phenomena of clause linkage.

11

Structural and lexical aspects of the grammar of desinences

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Fábregas A.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2012

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vol. 48

239-284

EN

Desinences – also known as "noun markers" in the literature – are one of the main issues brought up on the current debates about the relation between idiosyncratic listing and structural aspects of language. Desinences are problematic from a structural perspective because (a) not all languages have these grammatical markers, so they do not seem to be universal; (b) their semantic or syntactic role is not clear and (c) they display different values, but the association between a marker and a noun, at best, follows some tendencies, but (almost) never clear semantic or grammatical patterns. This paper has the goal of determining which aspects of the grammar of desinences are amenable to a structural analysis, and suggesting a possible way of coping with the idiosyncratic and unpredictable aspects which is compatible with the structural account proposed. We argue that it is possible to find one single subjacent structural pattern common to languages with desinences and with noun classifiers and that the structure proposed, alt-hough not enough to avoid listedness, can at least account for which items inside the structure can impose idiosyncratic selection on this marker. The language used to illustrate the analysis is Spanish.

12

Lexical Meaning in Truth-Conditional Semantics

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Gasparri L.

Diametros

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2014

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issue 39

182-202

EN

The paper offers a critical review of the role played by lexical meaning in the earlier stages of philosophical semantics and truth-conditional semantics. I shall address, both historically and theoretically, the relative neglect of lexical semantics within these fields, and argue that the approach to word meaning fostered in extensional frameworks is overall inconsistent with the customary assumption that truth-theoretic semantics can be considered a semantic theory proprio sensu.

13

Differences Between Grammatical and Lexical Development in Japanese Specific Language Impairment: A Case Study

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Ito T., Fukuda S., Fukuda S.

Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics

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2009

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vol. 45

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issue 2

211-221

EN

Paradis and Gopnik (1997) and Fukuda and Fukuda (2001a, b) suggested that the performance of children with specific language impairment (SLI) could be explained by deficits in their knowledge of grammar, whereas their lexicon appears to be intact. The purpose of this study was to examine this hypothesis with longitudinal data from a Japanese child with SLI from the ages of 9 to 14. Tests with tense, passives, case-marking, demonstrative pronouns and vocabulary were administered during this period. The results were as follows. The participant's lexical age developed rapidly. In contrast, the percent correct of her passives did not increase significantly from the ages of 9 to 14. Moreover, the percent correct on tense was 50% at the age of 14 when non-words were used. In case-marker production with passives, it was 50% even at the age of 14 when reversed word order was used. However, the percent correct of demonstrative pronouns was 50% at the age of 11, and it increased rapidly to 100% within a year. The results of this study provide further empirical support for the hypothesis that the deficit in children with SLI can be attributed to an impairment in their grammatical knowledge which seems to spare their lexicon.

14

Portuguese spoken in São Paulo State: Urban life lexies

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Ribeiro Figueiredo Junior S.

Linguistica Pragensia

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2024

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vol. 34

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issue 1

25-51

EN

This study unveils insights into the spatial and social distribution of Portuguese lexical forms, or lexies, pertaining to urban life in the interior of Săo Paulo State. These lexies were collected through oral responses from eighty participants, elicited by nine questions addressing variants for terms such as ‘traffic lights’, ‘speed bump’, ‘sidewalk’, ‘curb’, ‘traffic circle’, ‘plot of land’, ‘city bus’, ‘intercity bus’, and ‘a small grocery store where one can also drink liquor at a counter’. The analysis examines whether these lexies establish themselves as predominant norms, indicated by both consistent spatial distribution and a relative frequency exceeding 50% across the localities surveyed. Out of the nine cases studied, eight meet this criterion, with the following overall relative frequencies: ‘semáforo’ 53%; ‘lombada’ 96%; ‘calçada’ 94%; ‘guia’ 84%; ‘rotatória’ 74%; ‘terreno (baldio)’ 79%; ‘ônibus’ (in the sense of ‘city bus’) 71%; ‘ônibus’ (in the sense of ‘intercity bus’) 51%. The ninth variant, ‘bar,’ nearly meets this standard as well, with a relative frequency of 41% just falling short of the minimum threshold.

15

Note sul lessico antivaccinista

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Elia G.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2024

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vol. 51

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issue 2

17-28

EN

The present research aims to record and analyze the antivaccinationist language used during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting in particular the lexical aspects that characterize its identity, and to verify the possibility of recognizing it as a genuine and distinct jargon.

16

L’ethos collectif du họ vietnamien dans le lexique des termes de parenté et dans le discours exercitif

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Dallot C., Dao H. L.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2024

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vol. 51

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issue 1

37-48

EN

By questioning the notion of ethos in utterance from an attested production of Vietnamese speeches, we make the postulate of the instruction of a collective ethos at the level of kinship terms. Moreover, dynamic discursive traces reveal the implicit encoding of this collective ethos. We rely on a concept of Vietnamese collective ethos: họ.

17

Português e línguas indígenas brasileiras em contacto: o testemunho de Bluteau

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Cardeira E., Villalva A., do Carmo L.

Romanica Cracoviensia

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2024

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vol. 24

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issue Numer Specjalny

219-229

EN

From the 15th century onwards, the Portuguese language became a colonial instrument. In non-European territories, the Portuguese imposed themselves on different cultures, but they also welcomed new words, alongside the discovery of hitherto unknown realities. Bluteau’s Vocabulario offers a large amount of information about Portuguese contact with indigenous languages, as in the case of Brazil. The expression “Brazilian word” is used by Bluteau in entries that refer to Brazilian pecificities, generally autochthonous plants and animals, as well as some artefacts. Bluteau’s lexicographical writing reflects both the vision of the world of his time and the lexicographer’s personal point of view, illustrated by information that is sometimes well-founded and sometimes quite fanciful.

18

Od słownika do leksykonu. Infografia leksykalna w słownikach bilingwalnych

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Sadziński W.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica

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2014

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vol. 10

EN

The aim of this article is to show and to emphasize the importance of the so-called info boxes for foreign language learners in a bilingual dictionary. The phenomenon has been demonstrated using the Hueber-Dictionary (2008).

19

Conceptualizing Measurement and Quantification in Hobongan: An Overview of the Lexicon and Uses

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Perkins M.

Anglica Wratislaviensia

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2018

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issue 56

231 - 247

EN

In this survey of the Hobongan lexical items, I identify patterns in the Hobongan understanding of measurement and quantification. In Hobongan, there are many terms for measurements, usually some form of estimation. Hobongan has a four-based counting system, and those forms are used to estimate (one is one or hardly any, and four is quite a lot) and function as articles in sentences. Hobongan has also borrowed more counting terms and has the lexical items necessary for precise quantification, but those quantifications are used primarily within certain domains, such as determining what they should be paid for gold that has been mined or what should be paid in fines after legal judgments. Estimates of measurements can reference common objects, such as segments of bamboo or the height of a standing human. Perhaps the richest aspect of the system is that of measurement, in which terms that provide ways to estimate temperatures, magnitudes, and other amounts can indicate the ways in which the Hobongan make estimates from contextual information and apply the terms in use. In Hobongan, measurements in the form of estimates are primary and obligatory. Quantification with numbers is exclusively a type of symbolic and symbolized reasoning that must be combined with the estimate terms in order to be acceptable and functional.

20

Архаические явления в говоре старообрядцев в Польше

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Grzybowski S.

Rozprawy Komisji Językowej ŁTN

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2018

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vol. 66

163-170

PL

Wyspowa gwara staroobrzędowców w Polsce obok wielu osobliwości związanych z jej funkcjonowaniem nw otoczeniu obcojęzycznym zawiera również pojedyncze przypadki form mających paralele w historii języka rosyjskiego i nieznanych we współczesnych gwarach rosyjskich lub w języku literackim. Do archaicznych można zaliczyć przysłówek исто (‘jak należy’), partykułę дей (‘podobno’, zam. де lub дескать), formę ямаем (‘mamy’ zam. маем), jak też кашчуны􀒂 i кашчунничать dla oznaczenia bezkarnych wygłupów (psot i żartów) młodzieży na kilka dni przed Bożym Narodzeniem (por. współczesne ros. кощунство, кощунствовать na oznaczanie czynów świętokradczych).

EN

The Old Believers island dialect in Poland includes many peculiar elements resulting from its functioning in an alien, i.e. Polish, environment, and at the same time it has at its disposal some forms which are unknown in contemporary Russian or its dialects and have their parallels in the history of Russian. They could be interpreted as archaisms. In this paper some of them are considered in detail: the adverb исто (‘well, truly’), the particle дей (instead of де or дескать – ‘say’), the verbal form ямаем (instead of маем or имеем – ‘we have’) and the forms кашчуны􀒂, кашчунничать (‘mischiefs, pranks’, ‘play pranks’) designating the pranks played at Christmas Eve by young people (comp. кощунство, кощунствовать – ‘blasphemy, blaspheme’ in modern Russian).

Refine search results

Po raz piąty wychodząc od Słów prawnych w rzeczy sobie podobnych Bartłomieja Groickiego (1567)

Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, red. D. Mikulėnienė, A. Stafecka, Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, Latvijas universitātes Latviešu valodas institūts, 2013, 568 ss.

Baltu valodu atlants. Leksika 1: Flora, red. D. Mikulėnienė, A. Stafecka, Vilnius: Lietuvių kalbos institutas, Latvijas universitātes Latviešu valodas institūts, 2013, 568 ss.

Kilka uwag o tendencjach leksykalnych w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego

Lexical and functional decomposition in syntax: A view from phonology

Características léxico-semánticas de las crónicas futbolísticas del Real Madrid en el diario Marca

I PromessI Sposi in 10 minuti. Materiale autentico per attività didattica

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 2: Marcel Cohen’s Essai comparatif)

Semito-Hamitic or Afro-Asiatic consonantism and lexicon: Episodes of a comparative research I (Part 1: The long century of Semito-Hamitology until the middle of the 20th century)

Against the identity of complementizers and (demonstrative) pronouns

Structural and lexical aspects of the grammar of desinences

Lexical Meaning in Truth-Conditional Semantics

Differences Between Grammatical and Lexical Development in Japanese Specific Language Impairment: A Case Study

Portuguese spoken in São Paulo State: Urban life lexies

Note sul lessico antivaccinista