The paper is an attempt to interpret the work of Krystyna Miłobędzka, one of the most celebrated contemporary Polish poets, in terms suggested by the ideas of the community of readers as well as the institution of the poetry reading understood as a phenomenological/communal event. The analysis is informed by the recently published volume znikam jestem [I disappear I exist], a record of four poetry readings given by Miłobędzka between 2000 and 2010.
This review of Tomasz Szymon Markiewka’s book, entitled Interpretation Argument in Literary Studies. Analysis of Selected Theoretical Conceptions of 20th Century, focuses on reconstruction of its main theses, as well as on evaluate their methodological aspects. The first part deals with theoretical issues, mainly of terminological decisions and relation between the literature studies and philosophy. Next, article assesses the pros and cons of the main part of the book, which contains analysis of five selected theorists’ ideas of interpretation. The final part of the review raises the issue of the method of interpretation literary texts.
Gianni Vattimo, who is both a Catholic and a frequent critic of the Church, explores the surprising congruence between Christianity and hermeneutics in light of the dissolution of metaphysical truth. As in hermeneutics, Vatimo claims, interpretation is central to Christianity. Influenced by hermeneutics and borrowing largely from the Nietzschean and Heideggerian heritage, the Italian philosopher, who has been instrumental in promoting a nihilistic approach to Christianity, draws here on Nietzsche’s writings on nihilism, which is not to be understood in a purely negative sense. Vattimo suggests that nihilism not only expands the Christian message of charity, but also transforms it into its endless human potential. In “The Age of Interpretation,” the author shows that hermeneutical radicalism “reduces all reality to message,” so that the opposition between facts and norms turns out to be misguided, for both are governed by the interpretative paradigms through which someone (always a concrete, historically situated someone) makes sense of them. Vattimo rejects some of the deplorable political consequences of hermeneutics and claims that traditional hermeneutics is in collusion with various political-ideological neutralizations.
In the article we consider the problem of understanding the unique lexemes-neologisms meaning people (root segment belongs to the Kazakh language, grammatical forming has the Russian basis), citizens of the country where communication is carried out by means of two languages — Kazakh and Russian. These lexical units, chosen from the modern Kazakh Russian-language press are interpreted differently by users of the two mentioned languages.
The book entitled Starożytna Polska (Ancient Poland) by Andrzej Kokowski, published in 2005, has given rise to these comments – strictly speaking the fragments devoted to settlements in the chapter Kultura przeworska po wielkich wojnach (The Przeworsk culture after great wars) and to problems of ancient metallurgy. The reading of this extensive book, discussing several centuries of our prehistory, namely the period from the third century before Christ to the end of antiquity, evokes mixed feelings. The book arouses interest, but it also includes – apart from some valuable and reliable – poorly documented, unconfirmed pieces of information. On just a few selected pages of the book, the author repeatedly departs from the truth, rather nonchalantly treating the available research material. He presented rather unfortunate, not to say invented interpretations of the settlement in Imielin (among others, he interpreted a feature filled with production waste as a building and remains of calcining kilns as fireplaces) and he did not quote more reliable interpretations. And as regards iron metallurgy, he uncritically repeated after other researchers their unconvincing views, not founded on the documentation.
Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw poses an interpretative challenge to its researchers, readers, and translators. The unique character of the novelette, which is surrounded by the aura of the uncanny, is closely related to the ambiguous narrative and linguistic devices used by the author. Major interpretations of the text followed Gothic, Freudian, and metanarrative approaches. The paper sets out to investigate the extent to which the translations proposed by Witold Pospieszała and Jacek Dehnel adhere to any these approaches and whether and how they try to deal with the ambiguities that make James’s masterpiece so uncanny.
The purpose of this paper is to present and evaluate the studies in Plato’s Cratylus performed by Witold Stefański, which resulted in several articles concerning this dialogue and its translation into Polish. While the interpretation of this dialogue offered by the author may be called into question, the dialogue’s translation remains undoubtedly an excellent piece of work.
The article is an attempt of analysis and interpretation of the “Young Poland“ comedy written by Włodzimierz Perzyński in psychopathological or psychoanalytical perspective. The author draws reader’s attention to artistic achievements of Włodzimierz Perzyński who was a Polish novelist, comedy writer, columnist and poet, satirist and ironist and he died eighty years ago. The article is informally built out of two parts: Michel Foucault’s cultural criticism is a context of the first part, in the second one the author uses � � � � � � �general psychoanalytical theories of � � Sigmund Freud and Karen Horney. A neurotic personality, neurotic disturbances in the relations between people and activities of individuals in the different social situations are an object of analysis and interpretation. The author discussing one of the most famous Perzyński’s comedies tries to show that the Polish writer’s plays are interesting and opening a lot of perspectives of interpretation.
To read is to cross the boundaries of the self, to give oneself up to the other in an act of participation. Reading is part of the process where truth comes to unveil itself on the ontic plane. In reading it is more important to experience the inexpressible than to express it. To read means to test reality as a text. This summarizes the main points of the article. Reading thus understood iscontrasted here with the practice of interpretation, which ever more often discovers its own theoretical insufficiency.
Despite the intention for precision and accuracy, legal discourse is oftentimes complex, archaic and ambiguous - which gives rise to contentious interpretation. Moreover, little or no attention is paid to the cultural dimension of legal discourse, which plays a critical role in the translation and interpretation of legal texts, as well as in the application of law. This paper endeavours to illustrate the impact the culture, or, more precisely, legal culture has on the way legal texts are construed or translated and to present problems which arise in the interpretation, translation and application of law as a result of cultural diversities
The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne”, vol. 59 (2011), issue 1 The article is a suggestion for an interpretation of Czesław Miłosz’s poem Biel (Whiteness) (from the volume Miasto bez imienia (City Without a Name). The accepted methodology of interpretation tries to find and define the zone of mediation between the ideal of comprehensive reading, striving after integrating and structuralizing the global meaning of the work, and the suggestions coming from post-structuralist philosophy of reading texts. The author’s own interpretation of the poem has been taken into consideration; a comparative reading of Biel has been suggested as well as of a Miłosz’s later poem Powrót do Krakowa w roku 1880 (Return to Krakow in 1880). This comparison is supposed to serve showing different strategies of creating texts and meanings used by the author of Nieobjęta ziemia (Unattainable Earth). At the same time, at the background, a commentary to Miłosz’s poem becomes an opportunity to construct a meta-interpretative reflection. Looking at his own reading the author formulates remarks concerning the process of reading and comprehending, he introduces and analyzes the metaphor of “interpretation as feeling settled.”
The text presents the idea of an ethical contract as the basis of artwork interpretation. Thethesis includes the analysis of an argument between S. McClary and M. Marissen on themeaning of J.S. Bach Brandenburg Concerto no. 5.
The discourse regarding intentionality and interpretation in analytic philosophy of art, although ample and lively, has concerned itself almost exclusively with the literary medium. Starting from a paper published by Hans Maes, I discuss the complications that may arise in straightforwardly applying current intentionalist strategies to the realm of the contemporary visual arts. I first present a detailed account of the difference between hypothetical intentionalism and moderate actual intentionalism which will help to better understand the nature of Maes’s arguments in his paper. I then argue that the characteristics which shape the approach of moderate actual intentionalism cannot be accommodated by certain contemporary visual artworks. I will demonstrate how in certain contemporary artworks, should a viewer be interested in accepting actual intentions within her interpretation, she will have to do so with an extreme intentionalist posture rather than a moderate actual one.
The child at school is not an empty container that Teacher wants to fulfill with wisdom. Every child has its own inner potential, its own possibilities and the desire to become something, to make something meaningful. Our task is to recognize and respect this potential, to help the student through the content of the learning material, to find their own ways, how to develop the potential in their own favor and for social acceptance. It seems absurd, but it is logical that this potential of individuals can only be recognized by allowing them to express themselves in their own way. In order for them to have the freedom of choice of activities, content and social relationships in the learning process to reach the goals they set for themselves, including those needed for social acceptance of themselves.
Tekst poświęcony jest przedstawieniu koncepcji ufundowania interpretacji dzieł sztukiw formie kontraktu etycznego na przykładzie analizy sporu między Susan McClary a MichaelemMarissenem o znaczenie V Koncertu brandenburskiego Johana Sebastiana Bacha.
In his reflection on watching instead of interpreting as a way of getting to know a film, the author wishes to focus on two issues: (i) one related to the sensuous experience of the cinema, the pleasure of the act of watching itself (in accordance with the formula “seeing as only seeing”), and supported by the long tradition of the aesthetic thought (Baumgarten, Dewey, Shusterman, Gadamer, Merleau-Ponty), and (ii) one connected with film thinking – inspired by the thesis of Rudolf Arnheim: “The visual perception is visual thinking”. Thus, the concept of watching instead of interpreting raises the status of the pre-intellectual and sensuous way of receiving a film work, which does not act against the interpretation (as Susan Sontag claimed), but constitutes its alternative or complementary version.
The article discusses the contemporary status of reading in the context of theory and practice of reading. Understanding the concept of reading is between being (a textual object) and being (reading subject). The internal dynamics of this category is due to the interpretation of different or even conflicting content and quality that it describes. We call the “reading” the affective-intellectual activity of the reading individual; cultural practice contained in reading but not identical with it; saved text as an object that exists regardless of its receipt; and finally a list of texts that must be known by an educational institution, social or environmental group.
The entire body of the literary works by Fyodor Dostoevsky has been viewed from the point of view of the ontology of a child. The detailed analysis of this phenomenon gives the possibility to understand its nature, quintessence, specificity of the literary embodiment. It is the question of the actualization of the principles of the research experience. The supposed simplicity of the notion “a child” can be revealed in the ontological issue of “parents and children”, that brings to the symbolic definition of the phenomenon through the Biblical paradigm of the “grain”.
The conceptual bases of the central fictional images-concepts and their associative potentialare revealed in the article on the comparative basis. Special attention is paid to the specificsof the associative and semantic zones of the concepts. The associative sphere is formedand analyzed on the basis of the data received from the associative experiment, conductedin the group of Master program students-linguists of the Department of Slavistics in theUniversity of Latvia. The experiment revealed broad specter of individual associations,personal meanings, which accompany the central images-concepts and their semanticsimilarities and differences.
For over five decades, the modern concept of sustainability has evolved along with its implication in almost all spheres, including the engagement of businesses via their Corporate Social Responsibility. The EU has joined international UN endeavors and attempts to progress towards the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (“SDGs”). The EU regime for CSR and CSR reporting is a mixture of hard-law, soft-law and policy measures and has predominantly facultative features. Nevertheless, its backbone is Directive 2013/34/EU, especially Art.19a with a rather general wording about which the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU (“CJ EU”) has not yet developed. The organic shaping of the understanding and application of the CSR reporting has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and related crises translated in EU law measures. Arguably, the COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented stress test which has brought new light in the interpretation of the scope of CSR to be reported, perhaps it even takes it into a new dimension.
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