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'ECONOMIC CULTURE' AS AN EXPLANATORY TOOL IN TRANSFORMATION RESEARCH

100%
Skovajsa M.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
|
2004
|
vol. 40
|
issue 3
363-378
EN
This paper reviews theoretical suggestions concerning the conceptualisation of economic culture that were made in a series of publications on the cultural dimension of post-communist transformation by the Institute for Research on Eastern Europe in Bremen. Analyses are made particularly of the points where culture on the one hand and institutions, social capital and civil society on the other overlap and differ and from these comparisons consequences are drawn for use of the concept of economic culture in transformation research. The article concludes that economic culture is a conceptual category in its own right, neither irreducible to the level of institutions, in the sense that institutional economics understands them, nor to social capital or civil society. If, moreover, economic culture is to be used as a tool for explaining socio-economic processes, its strict separation from institutions, social capital and civil society is essential.
2
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Saudi Arabia on the Road of Transformation. Attempt at Building an Economy Open to the Outside World

100%
Lukaszewicz A.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2004
|
issue 15
97-112
EN
The paper presents the directions of transformations in the sphere of politics and economy taking place in Saudi Arabia in 1995-2004. The authoress tries to analyze the effects of the reforms being implemented, the degree to which they are comprehensive, as well as the level of threat to the reforms in the case of possible victory of antireformist forces in the Saudi Kingdom.
3
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Monetary Policy of the Baltic States - new EU Members

100%
Przybylska-Kapuscinska W.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2007
|
issue 19
31-51
EN
On 1 May 2004, new East and Central European states that had made a major breakthrough in their social and economic system found themselves within the European Union area. A fundamental decision of capital importance for their future had been the transformation of centrally planned economies into market economies. This required an extreme determination, consistence and sacrifices, and entailed different social and economic costs. The economies in transformation carried out many indispensable reforms and among them changes in the functioning of the banking sector, development of an independent central bank and choice of a defined monetary policy strategy. The fundamental problem in the monetary policy of the East and Central European countries was the necessity to get under control the high inflation and build up the credibility of their national currencies in the face of both the changing external conditions and the differentiation of the political, economic and social situation in the group of the countries in question. Stabilization of prices on a low level became the main criterion in the adaptation processes of those countries on their road to integration with the European Community structures. This criterion also became the most important determinant of the monetary policy and its strategies adopted by the individual countries running for the EU membership. The paper focused on presentation of the methods adopted by the group of East European Baltic countries in the conduct of their economic policy. Thus, the monetary policy of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia was presented. These three countries distinguish themselves among the new EU members by their geopolitical situation because all of them have emerged from the disintegration of the Soviet Union and constitute a relatively homogeneous group of economies in transformation. Certain elements of homogeneity can also be observed in the monetary policy adopted by them. In the first part of the paper, the essence of the exchange rate strategy applied in practice by the new Baltic EU member countries was characterized. Then, in consideration of the fact that the most important conditions substantial from the point of view of the monetary policy, and related to the accession of the countries in question to the Eurosystem, were the independence of the central bank and the definition of the main goal of their monetary policy so as to make it compatible with the goal of the European Central Bank, the process of shaping the monetary policy in the individual countries was presented in more detail, in concentrating on the problem of institutional independence of the central bank and on the main goals and instruments of the monetary policy. Also, the course of the inflationary processes over the period of 1997-2005 was monitored.
4
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EXCHANGE RATE SYSTEM AND INFLATION IN THE PROCESS OF INTEGRATION OF THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION

80%
Kotlinski K.
Olsztyn Economic Journal
|
2009
|
vol. 4
|
issue 2
265-278
EN
Central and Eastern European countries, on the path to implementation of the common currency apply different exchange rate regimes. The study aimed at determining which of them proved the most rational from the perspective of the relations between the inflation and the currency exchange rate. The study showed that indifferent of the selected path for reaching ERM II and as a consequence the common currency the exchange rate system applied will be the factor determining the intensification or weakening of inflation processes in the Central and Eastern European countries in the integration process. It also seems that Poland does not have to be afraid of the inflation impulse as a result of tightening the exchange rate of Polish Zloty within the frameworks of the ERM II.
5

SOCIAL CAPITAL AND THE THREE POLISH ROADS TO MODERNITY

80%
Zarycki T.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2004
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vol. 48
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issue 2
45-65
EN
The paper begins with a discussion of the notion of social capital which seems to gain increasing popularity in both academic and media discourse. The concept of social capital can be understood in several, often contradictory, ways which proves useful both for its positive interpretation and critical analysis. The second part of the paper is devoted to the issue of the relationship between the notion of social capital and modernization theories. The final section of the text discusses three main ideological orientations of the contemporary Polish political discourse: the left (social-democratic) orientation, the right (conservative) orientation and the centre (liberal) orientation. These three discourses are linked to the ideal visions of Poland they imply. These visions in turn are presented both from the positive and critical standpoints. In all cases, it is shown how the notion of social capital can be used to support the arguments both for and against each of the orientations.
6

Privatization in the Light of the Ethics and Social Responsibility

80%
Jarosz M.
Studia Polityczne (Political Studies)
|
2004
|
issue 16
139-172
EN
To introduce ethics to business one should undertake the following measures. (1) Bridge the economic gap between Poland A and B and carry out pro-social actions, no matter the political color of the ruling party. Negligence of those factors is non-ethical from the point of the Roman Catholic Church and from the perspective of the social-democratic or even liberal party programs. (2) The structure of the state has to be radically changed in order to achieve political transparency of the political institutions and to attain effective mechanism of control of the state servants. It is an urgent need to avoid further erosion of the state institutions, which are constantly exposed to the corruption practice. The anti-corruption laws, passed by the Polish Parliament on 1 July 2003, give hope for improvement. (3) Ethic dimension of privatization supervised by the Ministry of Treasure is an important factor. Unfortunate links between business and politicians tend to the 'institutionalization of the lack of responsibility' . Further existence of such links may question the future economic and social reforms. (4) Ethics of privatization (in economy, politics and business) has been recently the top issue, widely discussed by the Polish mass media. Eruption of one such affair results in the domino effect, which causes the avalanche of non-ethical, often criminal acts, posing danger to the social order.
7

SINGLE PROFESSIONAL WOMEN AS A POLISH AND GLOBAL PHENOMENON

80%
Grzeszczyk E.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2005
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vol. 49
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issue 2
199-225
EN
Single professional women (single, educated women with good jobs) have become a growing social group not only in Poland but also all over the world. The article presents this phenomenon and points to its causes in our country and, additionally, places it in a broader, global context. Results of qualitative research, mainly in the form of interviews conducted by the authoress, were used in the analysis of the phenomenon in Poland.
8
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OBRAZ TRANSFORMÁCIE DIVADELNEJ SIETE V SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKE

80%
Podmaková D.
Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)
|
2013
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vol. 61
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issue 4
382 - 392
EN
The paper addresses a number of topics related to the theatre transformation in Slovakia. As early as the 1980s, at the time of the command economy, the objective of this theatrical experiment was to enhance the economic prudence of the teams of creative professionals and an efficient and effective management of allocated appropriations and performance-based remuneration. After 1989 and transition to a market economy, multi-source funding was also debated in culture. When attempts to merge drama ensembles and various cultural institutions into larger institutions were made, there cropped up a problem of the availability of competent managers who would be able to manage institutions of various missions and an issue of scarce funding. The State made it possible to start private theatres by various founders, however, it failed to stipulate the terms and conditions of multi-source funding in a systemic way. It, too, failed to introduce the possibility of multi-year grant projects (for instance, three or five-year grant projects, which are commonly implemented abroad). Indeed, the theatre is a privileged type of entertainment of a small part of the population, however, it facilitates personal growth and creativity and it is a component part of drama therapy. It has not abandoned memory effect stereotypes (the allocation of state grants to culture), it has failed to set a rating system to evaluate concrete theatrical productions and their impact upon the audiences, despite the fact that a new paradigm of the theatre function and perception was introduced as an outcome of the development of society and a change in the percipient target group.
9
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SEA CHANGE - BRITISH IDEA FOR BROAD TRANSFORMATION IN EDUCATION (Sea change - brytyjski sposób na gruntowna przemiane)

80%
Zajac M.
e-mentor
|
2011
|
issue 1 (38)
47-52
EN
The rapid development of social technologies, observed in recent years, influences lifestyle and work style of young generation in particular. It also imposes new requirements for education system, which ought to be customized for the conditions in which so called digital natives grow up (they are not familiar with living without computers, Internet nor cell phones). Such issues were the subject of research conducted in 2010 by the team of CREN SGH. The actions undertaken as a modernization of teaching processes in the Great Britain, which pretends to title of a leader in transformation in education, were examined as an example of good practices. The conclusions from the aforementioned analysis constitute the pivotal content of the following article. They also served as a basis for comparison of Polish education with the trends observed in the countries in which the process of transformation is already advanced.
10
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CHINESE UTOPIA: ITS EVOLUTION, POETIC ANCHORAGE AND MODERN TRANSFORMATION

80%
Meng X., Zhang L.
World Literature Studies
|
2021
|
vol. 13
|
issue 2
33 - 42
EN
The major forms of Chinese utopia include “the Land of Bliss”, the Taoist “small country with few inhabitants”, the Confucian “Great Unity”, Tao Yuanming’s “Peach Blossom Spring”, Kang Youwei’s “World of Great Unity” and its modern variations. Chinese utopia has evolved from reactive poetic retreat to active political remoulding. It has developed from pastness to nowness in terms of temporal orientation, and from “nowhere” to “somewhere” and then to hereness in terms of spatial orientation. Chinese utopia has strong poetic anchorage, which is determined by the Heaven-Earth-man unity. Through the mechanism of experience shift, Chinese utopia in the modern context is often transformed into a usable cultural or spiritual icon, or national political vision, policies, blueprints and concrete social practice. A comprehensive insight into the Chinese utopian tradition helps to understand the utopian-poetic-political entanglement in China.
11

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS IN POST-SOCIALIST COUNTRIES: ANALYIS OF TRANSFORMATION ASPECTS

80%
Kavunenko L., Goncharova T.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
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2008
|
issue 1
41-57
EN
It's shown that the transformation process is put by national experts in a quite similar chronological frame, mostly as 1989/90-1992; 1992-1994/95; 1995-1998/99; 1999, in view of the contents and coverage of the national science & technology policy. However, approaches to the transformation system varied depending on (i) specifics of national S&T systems during the socialist period, (ii) the approach to the transformation process, focusing either on following the Western model or on a series of measures meant to 'preserve' the institutional build-up of the S&T inherited from the past. But in spite of these distinctions, the transformation process in post-socialist countries of CEE ended up by adopting the conceptual documents harmonized with ones existing at the EU level. However, as the analysis shows, in early 2000s the national S&T system in its narrow sense, that is, R&D / innovation performers, nevertheless remained at the first phase of the transformation process, in the condition of isolation/fragmentation, in a major part of the CEE countries. Therefore, national science & technology systems could be conceptualized by early 2000s, but, for the most part of post-socialist countries, failed to be realized. The problems of fragmentation can be better understood through (i) evaluation of the institutional change within the national science & technology system, which reveals the most difficult segment in the transformation process, 'branch' science; (ii) analysis of supply and demand concepts in the context of national S&T systems.
12
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SPACE AND TIME IN SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE (Priestor a cas v optike sociologie)

80%
Pasiak J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2009
|
vol. 41
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issue 4
285-303
EN
The article provides sociological analysis of time and space (space-time) and their relations to developmental changes in a rather unusual autobiographical context. In social science, the phenomenon of social space and time is highlighted mainly in the context of themes such as environment, technological development, or changes in social space. The article is based on the historical perspective which enables us to understand better the current modes of using and changing social spaces - human settlements and regions in particular. The author reflects on changes in social space, focusing on the issues of social interactions, urban space, second literacy, cyberspace, and communicative simultaneity. These are discussed in relation to both the global economic crisis and specific Slovak conditions.
13

LOST IN TRANSLATION. THE ICONOGRAPHIC TRADITION AND VISUAL TRANSFORMATION OF AN ANTIQUE FABLE

80%
Konečný L.
ARS
|
2011
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vol. 44
|
issue 2
215-221
EN
The article concentrates on how the motif of the antique fable “Heracles and the Ox-Driver” transformed in a series of artefacts by Giovanni Castrucci, Lodovico Pozzoserrato and Pirro Ligorio from the 16th and 17th centuries. It demonstrates how at times the courses and interpretations of iconographic themes can be complex and difficult to trace, and how easily one can be swayed to conclude that a case is so simple and straightforward that there is in fact nothing to resolve.
14

Three-speed Poland

80%
Krzysztofek K.
Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje
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2004
|
issue 6
127-136
EN
The article is meant to answer questions at what stage the Polish system transformation is what is its distance to the developed world the Poles like to compare with. Poland does not cease to be a post-socialist transformation country. Yet, it is becoming an integral part of the global system and current changes taking place in Poland are in an significant degree brought about by the external factors: globalization and the European integration. The author's point is that the complexity of the present stage of the Polish modernization lies down in the development disproportions connected with the coexistence of the varied historical epochs. These three epochs dictate three varied speeds. From the 'long duree' Poland inherited a strong preindustrial sector corresponding culture and mentality. This is the first speed. The industrial sector was overwhelmed by existence of big centralized and hierarchical structures of the socialist era which need a deep restructuring. This is the second speed. The last 15 years saw an accelerated adaptation to the third speed - the post-industrial and information society. Needless to say this speed is the most functional to globalization and the European integration. These three speeds illustrate the enormous challenge Poland is facing in coming decades.
15

KOMPARÁCIA FIREMNÝCH ETICKÝCH KÓDEXOV V SLOVENSKÝCH A ZÁPADONEMECKýCH FIRMÁCH

80%
Remišová A., Winkler I.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
|
2006
|
vol. 54
|
issue 6
597-610
EN
The article deals with the results of a comparative investigation of the corporate codes of ethics in the Western German and Slovak firms. The objective of this study is to highlight the differences between corporate codes of ethics of Western Germany and Slovakia and to analyse, whether they can be traced back to the specific situation of transformation in Slovakia compared to the stable context of the firms in Western Germany. We concentrated our analysis on two areas, the internal and external stakeholders addressed by the codes and the issues highlighted by the codes. With stakeholders we found that Slovak firms address more stakeholders groups in their codes. With the issues highlighted we found that Slovak firms raise more issues in their codes of ethics. We were able to interpret the differences as specific to the transformational situation of the Slovak companies.
16

Political Class: Evolution without Progress

80%
Wesolowski W.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2004
|
issue 3(174)
19-62
EN
The article discusses the processes of formation of a political stratum in Poland and the results of their actions in the years 1989-2004. The author points to several (direct and indirect) causes of the deficiencies of that stratum: party fragmentation, insufficient programmatic work, fluidity in the composition of successive parliaments. This last development negatively affects the quality of legislative work. At the same time, instability of the executive branch has an adverse impact on the quality of governance. As a consequence of these developments democratic legitimacy of the system is under pressure, populism creeps in and oligarchic tendencies appear in economy. The author suggests that if the political stratum is to perform beneficial role for the social and political system, the party structure and quality of work of individual members must improve. At the end of the article the author discusses the conditions of democratic consolidation and the conditions of effective functioning of Polish politicians in the institutions of European Union.
17

Trendy rozwojowe kapitału społecznego jako zasobu w procesach modernizacji w Polsce

80%
Karwińska A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
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2012
|
issue 900
19-36
EN
The article reflects on the importance of social capital for the transformation and modernisation processes at work in Poland after 1989 and on the formulation of development trends in this area. The question of the development trends of social capital is also a question of the transformation of society as a whole and the ways in which it will change in the foreseeable future. The response to various challenges in Polish society often reinforces survival and adaptation behaviours and attitudes, pushing individuals to focus on creating an inbred relationship and maintaining high cohesion within their own group. The need of the moment is to create conditions for the development of social capital, which, however, in the light of the results of Social Diagnosis, remains more a postulate than a reality.
18

REVOLÚCIA, TRANSFORMÁCIA A ROLA SUBJEKTU. KRITICKÉ POZNÁMKY KU KNIHE FRANÇOISA JULLIENA TICHÉ PREMENY

80%
Dunaj Ľ.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
|
2022
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
28 - 46
EN
In order to understand today’s social and political situation in East-Central Europe, one should examine in particular the consequences of post-socialist transformation. The negative and often very painful effects of the social changes that affected Central and Eastern Europe over the last three decades have not been overcome until today. This makes it all the more important to be better “prepared” philosophically for future social changes. François Jullien comes up with a theoretical solution. In the first part of my paper, taking Jullien’s book The Silent Transformations as a point of departure, I show that many of the problems that still exist in East-Central Europe largely result from placing too much emphasis on the event of the revolution and too little on the transformation experienced by the region’s populations. Such “intellectual blindness” may be seen as a consequence of the dominance of the transitological approach in political and social sciences of the time, which is analyzed towards the end of the first part through (an outline of) Boris Buden’s critique. In the second and third parts, I suggest, pace Jullien, a way towards a moderate, “sober”, but nevertheless creative and productive understanding of the active agent by appealing to the work of Hans-Herbert Kögler and Fabian Heubel.
19

NARATÍVNA GRAMATIKA KLASICKEJ DETEKTÍVKY

80%
Hudymač M.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
|
2013
|
vol. 60
|
issue 1
19 – 43
EN
The structural analysis was used to draw attention to the fact that some properties of narrative structures are noticeably often repeated and their repeated presence is strikingly regular. „Narrative grammar“ – concepts thus develop a high degree of abstraction, generalization whilst they only contain a limited number of the organizational principles of the narrative unit structure along with the rules of combination. So – as a matter of fact – what is being discussed here is establishing a highly abstract story structure which is supposed to produce an infinite number of specific and individual manifestations. The main part of this study is therefore a specific narration structure analysis based on a particular detective story. The author analysed the novella The Advetnure of the Resident Patient by Arthur Conan Doyle using R. Barthes´s theory complemented by T. Todorov´s concept. The structure analysis thus enabled him to outline the „narrative grammar“, which is „identical“, i.e. it is repeated in most of the Sherlock Holmes stories. The simple text of a detective story exposed to the structural analysis showed and demonstrated how simple text units work and combine, which makes the story coherent and despite the fact that the story is composed of various elements, it does not fall apart and keeps together. At the same time, the „narrative grammar“ drew attention to the way a literary character functions in and becomes a part of the text, as well as it clarified what role the „effects“ of time and space in various forms play in the making a story. The traditional distinction between classic detective fiction (E. A. Poe, A. C. Doyle, A. Christie, D. Sayers) and „hardboiled“ crime fiction typical of American writers (D. Hammett, R. Chandler and R. MacDonald) is examined in the author ś study in terms of various questions and answers. While classic detective fiction raises questions such as „who“ the crime was committed by and „how“, „hardboiled“ crime fiction asks „why“ the crime was committed. Moreover, the author tried to expand on the motifs outlined in the chapter of Czech philosopher in Miroslav Petříček´s book, i.e. the motifs of face, town, room and story, which are approached in a fundamentally different way in the two types of crime fiction in question.
20

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC: ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORMATION ASPECTS (Nauchno-tekhnologuicheskaya sistema Chekhii: analiz transformatsionnykh aspektov)

80%
Kavunenko L. F., Goncharova T. V.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
|
2010
|
issue 1
111-125
EN
The article presents results of the study devoted to evolution of science and technology system in Czech Republic (CR) during the transformation period (from the victory of the velvet revolution in 1989 till 2004, when CR joined the EU). Peculiarities of transformations in CR at various transformation stages are shown on the basis of official statistics, expert opinion and survey data, and by methodology elaborated in the international project 'Restructuring and Reintegration of Science & Technology Systems in Economies in Transition'. Science & technology and innovation position of CR against other post-socialist countries of Central Europe and South European countries is shown by use of indicators included in the European Innovation Scoreboard. The conclusion is that CR which immediately took a 'rigid' course toward the reconstruction of national science & technology system (NSTS) by the criteria of Western European model, had a good chance to achieve the goal on the eve of joining the EU, as CR could quite successfully transform some of the key parameters of NSTS, especially those related with the research segment (although technological losses were also notable). The weakest side of science & technology transformation in CR in 90s proved to be setting up the horizontal links within the national innovation system. However, official statistics of CR (2000-2004) shows a positive dynamics of R&D parameters in the private sector, which is an indicator of rehabilitating trends in the innovation segment of this country on the eve of its joining the EU.
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